论历史文化保护街区的地脉、文脉和商脉优势及其旅游开发

屯溪老街是中国保存最完好的千年古商业街,它既具有一般意义上步行街的共性,又具有独特的吸引力--徽文化.它在地脉、文脉与商脉上的独特性及优越性,是其发展旅游的有利条件.文章以实地调研与问卷调查为依据,探讨了屯溪老街在地脉、文脉和商脉上的优势及其旅游开发前景.     

成都锦里民俗文化旅游资源整合开发研究

民俗文化旅游资源是人文旅游资源的重要组成部分,对提高区域经济效益、促进区域旅游业的发展有着重要意义。锦里民俗文化一条街的民俗旅游资源可以划分为4大类,10亚类;其中包含了6项旅游产品要素、10项旅游产品类型、若干旅游产品项目。以蜀汉三国文化为支撑,以川西民风、民俗为内涵,融合成都特有的休闲文化气氛,锦里民俗文化街在主题形象定位、产品功能设计、经营管理模式等方面形成了一条民俗文化旅游资源开发的成功模式。     

Kin availability and the living arrangements of older women

This paper models the distribution of older women across household types, taking account of variations in the availability of kin, as well as other explanatory variables such as income and race. Household types are distinguished by the presence or absence in the household of siblings, parents, children, or others, including unrelated individuals. A modified multinomial logit model is used to represent the simultaneous effects of kin availability and other variables on the probability of living in each household type. The results indicate that while income is related to the propensity to live alone, the relationship appears to operate solely through the effect of income upon the propensity to share a household with close relatives. Older black women are shown to be more likely to live in extended-family households, holding constant both income and the availability of kin.     

Productivity growth,external shocks,and capital inflows in Chile: A general equilibrium analysis

This paper uses a computable general equilibrium model to analyze the growth path of the Chilean economy during 1977–1981. During that period a comprehensive package of reforms liberalized international trade and removed restrictive labor legislation. As a result of the reforms, there were large changes in relative prices and in the structure of production and demand, and the economy enjoyed unprecedented growth with declining inflation. But large macroeconomic imbalance become evident toward the end of the period and in 1982 Chile experienced an abrupt and severe recession. Taking the real exchange rate as an exogenous policy variable, and using the observed levels of employment growth and foreign capital inflows, this paper compares model-generated growth paths with those of the economy. First, the benchmark simulation path is used to estimate the magnitude and pattern of growth and productivity change during the 1971–1981 period. Next, counter-factual simulations are used to assess how Chile's economic performance would have differed if (a) external events had been different; and (b) foreign capital inflows had been different. The analysis suggests that the macroeconomic imbalances that led to the crisis in 1982 were exacerbated by the large capital inflows and real exchange rate appreciation that resulted from the use of the exchange rate as a stabilization device.     

Ctrl+ALT-RIGHT: reinterpreting our knowledge of white supremacy groups through the lens of street gangs

For the last 30 years, gang scholars have explicitly disregarded white youth who are active in groups with overt or implicit ties to neo-Nazi/skinhead or white power ideologies from street gang research. This article argues that this decision to keep these two groups separate stems from a misinterpretation of the realities of these groups and this decision has had a long-standing impact on how researchers, law enforcement and policymakers understand and interact with youth active in these groups. The coining of the term ‘Alt-Right,’ and the re-emergence of white power youth in the international dialogue, underscores how the lack of systematic research severely limits our knowledge about youth involved in gangs with white power leanings. Based on these concerns, this article challenges the current understanding of both skinheads and their troublesome youth groups/gangs. By orienting the limited research on skinhead gangs within key street gang domains, this article draws attention to disconnects in the literature that have influenced how researchers approach the study of skinhead youth. This study’s conclusions support the purposeful inclusion of skinhead youth in future street gang research.     

乌拉街研究综述

乌拉街是满族的重要发祥地之一、海西女贞扈伦四部之一。努尔哈赤曾借乌拉国而起兵,灭乌拉国而得到大发展,进而挥师南下而得天下。清顺治皇帝曾封乌拉街方圆五百里为＂本朝发祥之圣地＂。悠久的历史、丰厚的文化底蕴为乌拉街留下了许多历史遗迹,如：古城池、古建筑、古遗址等。同时,这里还保留了多种满族民俗和独具特色的满族风味饮食,对这样一个历史悠久、独具满族特色的古镇我们理应进一步研究。     

从宣恩庆阳古街道看土家族区域明清商业活动

庆阳古街道是一条完整的旧时期的商业性街道,它的存在,对于深入了解土家族地区的商业活动与集镇建筑的关系,提供了最为直接的证据。同时,也是希望更多的研究者关注土家族地区的明清历史时期的商业文明。     

Cybernetic appropriateness review: Does it change physician hospital utilization patterns?

All hospital care can be characterized as either appropriate (i.e., efficatious and necessary) or inappropriate (i.e., services without benefit or services that could be provided in a less costly setting). A demonstration project combining an appropriateness determination methodology with a cybernetic control system was implemented in a study area that included six hospitals and approximately 400 practicing physicians. Project results to date indicate substantial improvements in the ratio of appropriate to inappropriate care for both hospitals and individual physicians. Evaluation research design problems and areas of future research are also discussed.     

New technology and unemployment: A simulation of macroeconomic impacts and responses in Canada

This paper addresses macroeconomic issues of the debate over high technology and unemployment. A macroeconometric simulation model with a number of special features is used to examine alternative scenarios of enhanced productivity performance in Canada over the next decade. Responses of wages, prices, and the monetary authorities are shown to be quantitatively important in determining the impact on employment. The type of productivity change and aggregate fiscal-policy response are shown to be less importance.     

The language and techniques of multiyear restructing of sovereign debt: Lessons from the Mexican experience

While many economists assure that the restructing of sovereign external debt is a straightforward matter, there are many practical details that bankers must address in negotiating a deal. The problems are compounded in a multiyear restructing, where a new frame of reference had to be established for the problem of debt restructing, including new concepts for included and excluded debt, various schedule for amortizations, monitoring, and conditionality procedures, and pricing considerations. The end result achieved for Mexico can be used as starting point for other debt restructing discussions, at least from a technical point of view.