Stabilization policies in the Greek economy: Will they work?

This paper develops and estimates a short-run model for the interaction between money, output, prices, international reserves, and the exchange rate in a managed floating system in Greece. The framework presented, which is in the spirit of the monetary approach modified to allow for adjustment lags in output and prices incorporates a policy reaction function for domestic credit. The role of inflationary expectations is taken into account. The policy question addressed in the paper by means of the model is whether current economic policies are sustainable and whether stabilization measures leading to lower inflation and smaller fiscal deficits should be pursued.     

Are government deficits the prime cause of inflation?

We argue in this article that if government bonds are counted as part of private wealth, government budget deficits are a major cause of inflation, and the method chosen to finance the deficits (e.g., borrowing or monetary expansion) is of secondary importance. To illustrate this point we use a simple portfolio model that is then incorporated into a model of the Australian economy. The full model is specified in continuous time, and it is estimated by the full information maximum likelihood method (FIML) it is then used to simulate a number of fiscal shocks.     

Simulation of a debtor country: The example of Colombia

A dynamic model, illustrated on Colombian data, simulates the functioning of an open economy under specified parametric conditions and selected policy scenarios. Unlike the usual two-sector models, the rate of growth of GDP is generated endogenously. Whereas related models perform sensitivity analysis for variations in parameters our procedure makes n possible to simulate policy alternatives under balance-of-payments pressure. The simulations explore the implications of policy options when debt services on inherited and new foreign indebtedness act as constraints on the debtor's growth, especially when new external borrowing is limited.     

中国近现代个人主义话语及其比较

中国任何时期的个人主义都不是西方原本的个人主义,而是我们理解的个人主义。中国近代个人主义话语内在的紧张根源于中国传统国家伦理思想与西方个人主义思想的冲突,而中国现代个人主义话语的内在紧张则根源于西方个人主义本身的矛盾。我们既不能从汉语语源的角度,也不能从英语语源的角度来解读和理解中国现代个人主义话语。     

Indexation of international commodity prices through international buffer stock operations

The developing economies have been advocating the indexation of the prices for their primary commodity exports by tying such prices to other relevant international prices, such as the prices of imports to the less-developed countries. We have used econometric models to simulate a program of indexation of the prices of the ten UNCTAD core commodities at their 1963 levels for 1963–1975. The results suggest definite difficulties in such a program. Most notably the order of magnitude of the costs of buffer stock operations and financing is likely to be prohibitive. Also the distribution of benefits and losses among the less-developed countries is quite arbitrary. Therefore we are very skeptical about indexation by buffer stock operations.     

当代散文中的死亡意识

20世纪80年代以来,死亡主题的散文作品不断涌现。在一个不长的时期内,集中地、突出地、反复地出现死亡主题的散文作品,这是一个不可忽视的文学现象,更是一个引人深思的文化现象和社会现象。当代散文对死亡的前所未有的关注,不仅反映出当代散文家思想和艺术上的深刻变化,反映出作家心灵的日益健全,更表现了一个民族的日渐成熟与壮大。一个敢于直面死亡的人,才是完整的人;一个敢于直面死亡的民族,才是坚强的民族。这是研究当代散文死亡意识的意义所在。     

西方社会分层研究述评

本文就社会分层的概念、西方社会分层理论的发展进行梳理,并评述了其理论的发展趋势,以期对我国社会分层研究起到一定的启发作用。     

Embracing Change

The Internet, Google, e-journals, packages, e-books and patron driven acquisitions have all been perceived as “a threat to libraries as we know them.” Yet, in spite of these developments and under the weight of chronic budget pressures, the typical academic library now offers more users better access to more content and services than ever before. In this session we will look at how librarians and the vendors that serve them have responded to these “threats” to their future to create new and improved services.     

勘探“人民文学”的“现代人学内涵”

以工农兵为本位的“人民文学”形态是在历史曲折中形成的 ,创作主体与对象主体的角色意识经过错位与置换 ,导致“人民文学”的现代人学内涵的失落或潜隐 ,有必要重新勘探与阐释     

从临安开广道的设立看云南的近代外交

中法战争后,越南沦为法国的殖民地,云南开埠通商,外事日繁。为此云贵总督岑毓英特申请在蒙自设立临安开广道,管辖与越南接壤的临安、开化、广南三府,负责中外通商事务,兼任中法交涉对汛督办,负责办理中越边界商务、界务、会巡捕务及华洋诉讼。从临安开广道的设立和职责及其对外交涉中可见,云南的近代外交是在封建体制内部进行调整的基础上,开始艰难起步的。