基于保角变换法的地震裂缝波场研究

针对实际地层中的裂缝形状,提出了两种裂缝模型,一种是广义四边形裂缝模型,另一种是角形裂缝模型。基于保角变换,对单个裂缝的波场进行了研究。首先,对物理域中的裂缝区域施加保角变换,将其变换为计算域中的上半平面,对物理域中的裂缝边界条件进行保角变换为计算域中的边界条件;其次,在计算域中求出裂缝边界及其附近的波场;最后,通过保角变换的反变换得到物理域中裂缝边界波场变化规律。提出的保角变换法对研究单个和多个任意形状的裂缝波场之间的定量关系以及勘探地球物理中的非均质问题提供了新的思路。     

丝绸之路经济带（中国段）节点城市空间差异及发展布局

“丝绸之路经济带”作为多维度的国家战略构想,是新政经周期下中国总体区域发展重大战略之一,而沿线城市点、带、群是推进该项重大战略实施的现实载体。当前,“丝绸之路经济带”战略下的城市定位,往往与区域自身发展及利益诉求并不完全吻合,亟待对区域总体特征及发展现实以理性认知,防范城市“标签化”的盲动倾向。以“丝绸之路经济带”沿线区域关键节点城市客观空间状况与基本产业布局概貌为基础,采用多层次综合测度模型定量评价各城市综合竞争力,提出采取差异化的“点-轴”式带动策略是推进经济带整体发展的建设性思路,并结合城市经济地理特征探讨节点城市未来的发展布局定位问题。     

区域新知识创造对创业活动影响的空间动态研究

基于创业理论和知识溢出理论,运用系统GMM方法,对2010-2014年全国32个省级城市的制造业新创企业的面板数据进行分析.研究结果表明:(1)新知识创造对本区域内和相邻区域的创业活动均有显著的促进作用;(2)新知识创造对本区域创业活动的促进作用要强于其对相邻区域创业活动的促进作用;(3)与非知识密集型产业相比,新知识创造对创业活动的促进作用在知识密集型产业中的效果更加明显.     

列管式换热器中管程介质流动均匀性数值模拟与优化

在双管程烟一水介质的列管式换热器中,针对烟气在管程中流量分布不均匀对换热效果的不利影响,利用 FLUENT软件对管程结构进行模拟与优化。考虑折返通道高度h、两管程间距L、换热管列数r、管内径d和管节距S 5个 主要特征尺寸对流动均匀性的影响,采用正交试验方法进行数值模拟试验。通过极差和方差分析,得出影响烟气流动均 匀性的显著因素是d,其次是r和h,而不显著因素是L和.。在模拟参数范围内,得到管程结构的最优组合参数：h为60 mm,L为20 mm,r为4,d为7 mm,S为11.6 mm[l. 45(d+1)]。优化后的各管程中流动均匀性明显得到改善     

路灯新型热管散热器散热研究

LED（light emitting diode）结温过高不仅会使光波波长漂移,还会使发光效率和寿命下降,为此设计了一种热管翅 片散热结构,并运用ANSYS Icepak热分析软件对该结构进行了参数化分析设计,得到了LED最高结温小于70℃时的最 优结构参数。同时建立了翅顶为恒温的数学方程,计算验证翅片温度分布,结果显示翅片温度分布相近,散热器整体温 度分布均匀,整体温差小于5℃。表明设计的热管翅片散热结构满足大功率LED路灯的使用要求。     

我国城乡居民收入差距的省际差异及其影响因素——基于面板数据的空间计量分析

首先利用泰尔指数测度了我国省域城乡居民收入差距,对我国城乡居民收入差距的省际差异进行了空间探索性分析,结论为:东北及东部沿海地区收入差距最小,中部地区次之,西部地区收入差距最大。随后根据2000~2012年全国31个省、直辖市、自治区的面板数据,利用空间面板滞后模型从经济发展水平与经济结构、经济开放程度、财政支出与金融发展以及教育等方面分析了省际差异产生的原因。最后,对缩小城乡居民收入差距提出了相应的政策建议。     

Inference from PseudoLikelihoods with Plug‐In Estimates

Effective implementation of likelihood inference in models for high‐dimensional data often requires a simplified treatment of nuisance parameters, with these having to be replaced by handy estimates. In addition, the likelihood function may have been simplified by means of a partial specification of the model, as is the case when composite likelihood is used. In such circumstances tests and confidence regions for the parameter of interest may be constructed using Wald type and score type statistics, defined so as to account for nuisance parameter estimation or partial specification of the likelihood. In this paper a general analytical expression for the required asymptotic covariance matrices is derived, and suggestions for obtaining Monte Carlo approximations are presented. The same matrices are involved in a rescaling adjustment of the log likelihood ratio type statistic that we propose. This adjustment restores the usual chi‐squared asymptotic distribution, which is generally invalid after the simplifications considered. The practical implication is that, for a wide variety of likelihoods and nuisance parameter estimates, confidence regions for the parameters of interest are readily computable from the rescaled log likelihood ratio type statistic as well as from the Wald type and score type statistics. Two examples, a measurement error model with full likelihood and a spatial correlation model with pairwise likelihood, illustrate and compare the procedures. Wald type and score type statistics may give rise to confidence regions with unsatisfactory shape in small and moderate samples. In addition to having satisfactory shape, regions based on the rescaled log likelihood ratio type statistic show empirical coverage in reasonable agreement with nominal confidence levels.     

Semiparametric regression for restricted mean residual life under right censoring

A mean residual life function (MRLF) is the remaining life expectancy of a subject who has survived to a certain time point. In the presence of covariates, regression models are needed to study the association between the MRLFs and covariates. If the survival time tends to be too long or the tail is not observed, the restricted mean residual life must be considered. In this paper, we propose the proportional restricted mean residual life model for fitting survival data under right censoring. For inference on the model parameters, martingale estimating equations are developed, and the asymptotic properties of the proposed estimators are established. In addition, a class of goodness-of-fit test is presented to assess the adequacy of the model. The finite sample behavior of the proposed estimators is evaluated through simulation studies, and the approach is applied to a set of real life data collected from a randomized clinical trial.