论森林生态效益补偿的公共财政途径

以生态效益为主导功能的生态公益林,为社会提供了“公共产品”或“公共服务”,需要公共财政的支持与调节。但是,由于公共财政政策本身存在着缺陷,需要我们优化单纯通过公共财政进行森林生态效益补偿的途径,加强对气候变化国际谈判的跟踪,逐步启动国内的碳汇贸易,以适应国际森林碳汇贸易市场的发展趋势。     

高等农林院校大学生知识结构和能力培养的途径与方法

从 2 1世纪知识经济和社会发展对人才的培养要求入手 ,提出了面向新世纪高等农林院校大学生知识结构和能力培养的途径与方法 :加强课程体系建设 ,改革课程内容 ,优化知识结构 ;加强课程教学管理 ,探索教学新方法 ,采用先进的教学手段 ;注重创新思维、创新精神和实践能力的培养     

从信息流程看提高学生写作能力的方法和途径

本文以现代翻译理论为依据,结合英汉两种语言的特点,运用实例阐述了林业科技英语文献翻译的方法,内容包括词义的理解及引申,介词的理解与翻译,语法分析手段,主动与被动的正反处理等。     

生态资源保护的制度创新

生态环境失衡的根源在于利益失衡,因此,需对生态保护工程进行制度创新。本文分为四部份:第一部份探讨生态资源的市场化问题;第二部份评析西部地区开发自然资源的三种模式;第三部份用博弈论分析三方(中央政府、地方政府、当地农户)在大规模退耕还林(草)等生态保护工程中博弈过程;最后,基于上述分析,认为只有把生态保护与对生态保护区民众扶贫相结合,才能可持续保护生态资源。      

What do people want from urban forestry?—The European experience

The European public has a long tradition of interaction with, but has mixed emotions about forests. On the one hand they see forests as part of nature bringing peace and happiness to all. On the other hand there is a traditional memory of danger in forests, re-inforced by the modern use of under-policed forests for all kinds of criminal activities. Nevertheless, people will use forests very frequently (25% of visitors do so every day), mostly for gentle activities such as walking. Urban forests tend to be managed by traditionally-trained managers who do not understand the public's attitude to forests. The public re-acts to forests on a personal basis. They are not much concerned with ecological purity. Such misunderstandings underlie the high propensity to conflict. With increasing leisure and wealth the range of activities that people wish to carry-out in forests has increased enormously. Many of these activities are mutually incompatible and lead to conflict between users. The social sciences and the new science of environmental psychology can be used to elucidate people's real feelings about urban forests and to assist with overall design. Specific requirements of mutually-incompatible uses can be catered for in separate areas by finding-out and designing-in features which both attract and repel.     

运用近自然林业经营思想构建上海城市森林体系

以生态为主要功能的上海城市森林,需要营造“近自然”森林体系,使其健康生长并达到自身的平衡,实现生态功能的最大化。笔者介绍了近自然林业的概念及特点,上海的立地条件特点,可借鉴的近自然森林群落以及近自然林营造的实例,探讨了近自然林经营模式,最后提出上海营建近自然林应注意的问题。     

高等农林院校科研管理创新体系构建

科研管理是学校管理的重要部分,其水平的高低直接关系到高校在竞争中的地位、生存和发展。论文阐述了科研管理的重要作用,探讨了农林院校科研管理的特点,从理念、队伍、机制、评价和手段等方面构建了农林院校的科研管理创新体系,为农林院校科研管理发展提供了重要参考依据。     

开启俄日关系史的宗教因素——尼古拉与俄国宗教殖民起源

Based on the historical analysis of religious and cultural factors, Nikolai was considered by some scholars as the first Japanese who arrived in Russia earlier than the naval guards. The Nikolay’s tragic fate reflects the imperial activities and religious competition in Eurasia in the early 17th century, which reflects the serious foreign interference in Russian affairs in the “Great Chaos” era and reveals the historical roots of Russian “religious colonization”     

大力发展非公有制经济 推动林业可持续发展

非公有制经济是林业建设的重要生力军,发展非公有制林业对林业建设有巨大的推动作用.现行的土地制度缺陷、税费负担沉重、筹集资金困难、资源管理僵化以及市场准入障碍等问题制约了我国非公有制林业的发展.在新世纪,为了实现社会、经济的可持续发展,必须进一步深化林业体制改革、完善林业政策、轻税薄费、加大对非公有制林业的扶持力度、转变政府职能,为非公有制林业发展创造一个宽松和谐的社会环境.     

我国林业标准化存在的问题及发展战略

新时期开展林业标准化工作具有重大意义。我国林业标准化工作在取得了很大成就的同时,也存在一些问题。本文对这些问题进行了分析,提出了解决这些问题的政策性建议。