伊斯兰教律与穆斯林民族教育之契合关系研究

伊斯兰教对穆斯林民族有着不容置疑的影响。研究穆斯林民族教育离不开对伊斯兰教的认识和理解。伊斯兰教不但十分重视教育,而且有着全面的教育观。发展穆斯林民族教育与伊斯兰教律的要求是相一致的,但要注意民族性、宗教性与现代性的有机结合。同时,穆斯林民族教育也必须适应社会历史发展的潮流,要将穆斯林民族教育建立在穆斯林民族经济、社会、文化、宗教全面发展的基础上     

中国穆斯林在现代化过程中的优势

在世界现代民族—国家的建构过程中,宗教信仰、民族归属、国家认同三者之间的巨大不相容性,以及由此引发的各种问题,成为许多国家现代化道路上的巨大障碍。尤其是对许多伊斯兰国家来说,如何处理这三者之间关系,并协调由此引发的伊斯兰教与国家政治、伊斯兰教法与国家法律的矛盾和冲突,往往成为现代化道路上最大的难题。但是在伊斯兰教传入中国,与中国社会的法律、政治、文化等等互相磨合、融通以至共存的过程中,这些难题已经基本得到了解决。因此,今天的中国穆斯林与所有中国人面临着共同的问题,那就是如何步入现代化。从这个角度来说,在现代化的进程中,中国穆斯林所背负的要比其他穆斯林更轻。     

COVID‐19: A threat to educated Muslim women's negotiated identity in Pakistan

This study attempts to explore how the lockdown/containment measures taken by the government during the COVID‐19 pandemic have threatened educated Muslim women's negotiated identity regarding wifehood and motherhood in urban Pakistan and how they struggle to reposition to reconstruct it. Through semi‐structured interviews, making an in‐depth comparative study of three differently situated cases (Muslim women), this study argues that the abnormal situation that has ensued from the pandemic has reinforced the vulnerability of women's nascent negotiated identity by landing them in a space where they are supposed by the normative structures to step back to carrying out their traditional responsibilities as ‘good’ wife and mother during the crisis. It has found that the pandemic has similarity in its impacts for the women in their familial lives, despite their being variously situated and resistive, due to the general religio‐culturally defined patriarchal social behaviour of the place (Pakistan) toward women and lack of action on the part of the state for implementing its laws of women's empowerment.     

Muslim women as ‘ambassadors’ of Islam: breaking stereotypes in everyday life

This article explores the efforts of Dutch Muslim women who try to break the ‘oppressed Muslim woman’ stereotype by monitoring their own behaviour in everyday interactions with members of the non-Muslim ethnic majority. In representing themselves as modern and emancipated, they try to change the dominant image of Muslim women in Dutch society, and thus also that of Islam. Based on interviews and archival material, I demonstrate that initially this strategy was mostly adopted by Dutch converts to Islam, and later also by ‘born’ Muslim women. Why do more and more Muslim women turn themselves into ‘ambassadors’ of Islam? And what are the costs of this form of self-essentialization? This article demonstrates the usefulness of studying self-representations of minority groups in the light of existing stereotypes, arguing that Muslim women’s self-representations should be seen as part of a politics of belonging.     

回族名将达云事辑

凉州达氏家族属于明代的"归化回回",曾涌现出达云、达奇勋等名将,为维护明朝西北边陲安定发挥了突出作用。达氏家族中,当属达云功勋卓著,他一生戎马生涯,屡建奇功,是一位具有代表性的回回爱国人物。通过达云在明朝的活动,我们既可看到回回民族极强的适应性,又可观察明朝内迁少数民族政策措施的变化。     

Temporary liberties and uncertain futures: young female Muslim perceptions of life in England

This article explores how young female Muslim university students in London and Birmingham experience life in England. Through focus groups and interviews, talk about three main topics was collected: how young Muslims frame their identities; how they are perceived by others; and how they perceive Muslims to be portrayed and represented in public life. Analysis shows that the participants: presented themselves as ambitious and autonomous; experienced direct and indirect exclusion as young Muslims; perceived a lack of diverse Muslims role models and ambassadors in public life; and that, despite their optimism, felt their futures in Britain were uncertain. The young people recognised the temporary liberties they have around dress and practice as university students that are potentially restricted in wider society. The research highlights the problems created by stigmatising public discourse around Islamist extremism that fuels narrow, deficit-focused policy that exacerbates the exclusion of young Muslims.     

Knowing ‘how to go on’: structuration theory as an analytical prism in studies of intercultural engagement

Accelerated rates of global migration over the past 20 years have seen dramatic increases in demographic, cultural and social diversity in the world's most developed countries. Scholars of migration are faced with the challenge of understanding a society that consists of countless socio-cultural frontiers, along which the contrasting and often conflicting practices and values of diverse populations collide. These circumstances require the development of a theoretical framework that elucidates the practices through which these cultural collisions and conflicts are actualised and addressed, illuminating the day to day challenges of living with difference. This article proposes structuration theory as an insightful analytical prism that can afford new in-depth perspectives into intercultural engagements. By exploring the confluence between structural factors and the actions of individual agents, structuration theory illuminates the choices made by members of migrant groups regarding socio-cultural affiliations, as well as highlighting the strategic processes and behaviours through which these choices are actualised. A discussion of empirical research with Muslim youth in the west of Ireland illustrates the analytical clarity that structuration theory can offer to debates on integration and interculturalism.     

埃及与穆斯林兄弟会

埃及穆斯林兄弟会在其80余年的发展历程中几经沉浮,现已成为当前埃及境内最有影响的政治力量,并将对后穆巴拉克时代埃及的政局走向、社会转型产生巨大影响.对穆斯林兄弟会的研究不能囿于惯性思维而将其视为“激进组织”,应以历史唯物主义的观点和方法,还原其历史真相,特别是要看到该组织在发展过程中曾经有过对自身“激进思想”的修正,从而对它有更加全面、公正的认识.     

Veiling in Fear or in Faith? Meanings of the Hijab to Practicing Muslim Wives and Husbands in USA

This article examines the Muslim practice of wearing the hijab—the veiling and covering of a woman’s head and body. More specifically, this study aims to present insiders’ perspectives regarding the personal understandings of the hijab among 20 wives and 20 husbands (n?=?40) in religious Shia and Sunni Muslim families living in USA. Qualitative analysis yielded three emergent themes: (1) The hijab as a symbol of religious commitment; (2) the hijab as a tool of protection, rather than oppression, for women and families; and (3) two different views of Muslims’ reasoning behind the hijab. These data suggest that, as perceived by “insider” participants, the hijab has perceived benefits for religious Muslim families, although counterexamples and concerns are also expressed.     

论哈桑·班纳伊斯兰原教旨主义思想渊源

哈桑·班纳是当代伊斯兰复兴运动的先锋和缔造者之一.其思想可归纳为两点:一是以伊斯兰教为指导,重建伊斯兰教初期的政治,建立伊斯兰经济体制;二是反对西方,鼓吹圣战.班纳的思想,萌发于其浓厚的宗教意识,是他对困扰穆斯林社会的时代难题--传统与现代化的剧烈碰撞作出的回应,也受到阿富汗尼、阿卜杜、里达等伊斯兰现代改革主义者思想的影响.班纳的思想和方法具有强烈的政治性和时代感,这是它被穆斯林广为传播和效仿的重要原因.