适应性网络空间抽样的设计及估计研究

随着大数据背景下抽样环境复杂化,特别是3S技术（遥感技术、地理信息系统和全球定位系统）日趋成熟,越来越多社会经济问题涉及空间抽样,其样本呈现出规模相对稀少、分布不均匀、局部聚集的特征,使得传统抽样调查面临着严重挑战。本文介绍了适应性抽样技术应用于空间网络环境的基本原理、主要操作步骤和马尔可夫链蒙特卡罗估计推断,并以广州市天河区的商户抽样为例讨论实际操作中应注意的问题,以期为流动人口、环境污染、区域经济研究等方面调查提供理论支撑和实证方法参考。     

A CANONICAL ANALYSIS OF MANAGERIAL-ENVIRONMENTAL RELATIONSHIPS: IMPLICATIONS FOR METHODOLOGY AND POLICY*

The present study uses canonical analysis to examine the contingency model of organizations in the nursing home field. Data on environmental pressures and managerial practices relevant to the decision-making process are analyzed. Results support the theory that managerial practices are contingent on environmental pressures. The implications of these results for health-care decision makers and for future assessments of managerial-environmental relationships are discussed.     

对国民政府后期治藏政策的再分析——以五世热振及沈宗濂关系为中心

五世热振活佛是近代西藏历史上一位倾心内向的活佛,曾为中央政府与西藏地方关系的改善做出过贡献,并戳破了英国人在“西藏问题”上苦心经营的“道德”形象,但热振辞去摄政职务时,国民政府对此的反应却是轻慢的。当１９４２年“外交局”事件发生后,国民政府在治藏政策方面进行了调整。沈宗濂作为蒋介石属意的官员出任蒙藏委员会驻藏办事处处长,曾积极投身藏事,改善了西藏地方与中央的关系,对国民政府的西藏政策发挥了较大影响。但是,２０世纪４０年代末,西藏地方发生了若干事件,国民政府却无所作为。对此,沈宗濂负有难以推卸的责任。然而在沈宗濂态度转变的背后,更本质的原因则是国民政府的消极治藏政策。     

论赫哲族当代民族文化

本文在分析了赫哲族民族文化现状后指出,经过整合与重构的赫哲族文化具有多元性、现代性、亲合性、地域性和民族性的特征,是一种充满现代气息的民族文化。     

英汉习语的民族文化特点探源

习语作为一种特殊的语言形式,是人民大众口头上习用的定型词组或短句。它们是相沿已久、约定俗成、具有完整而独特意义的词语。英汉两个民族在长期的劳动中创作了大量的习语,但由于民族文化的不同,使用亦不同。通过比较英汉两个民族在地理环境、风俗习惯、宗教信仰、历史典故等几个方面的文化差异来探讨英汉习语之间的民族文化特点。     

西柏坡精神与中国特色社会主义

"新中国从这里走来"这句话,确立了西柏坡在中国革命和社会发展中的历史地位。邓小平、江泽民、胡锦涛都与西柏坡革命圣地有着密切联系,从西柏坡向全党和全国人民发出了"牢记两个务必,建设有中国特色的社会主义"的伟大号召,宣示了西柏坡精神与建设中国特色社会主义这一当代中国社会发展的主题的紧密关系,揭示了西柏坡精神的深层精髓,提升了西柏坡精神在改革开放中建设中国特色社会主义所具有的当代价值和历史作用。胡锦涛总书记在中共十七大提出,完成党的伟大历史使命必须坚持"四个一定",是深刻而全面地体现出具有中国社会主义核心价值体系精髓的西柏坡精神,是对西柏坡精神和西柏坡革命传统的再现和丰富,从而表明在中共七届二中全会期间产生的西柏坡精神是建设中国特色社会主义的活水源头。     

南京国民政府公务员考选制度的近代化意义

南京国民政府公务员考选制度是中国历史上第一个准现代化的人事考试制度,考选人才方面既吸收了古代考试的公平精神又采纳了西方文官考试的先进理念,具备了近代化的特征。从人才的选拔看具备了公平性,但体制的缺陷使其任用的成效不尽人意,阻碍了它近代化的进程。     

Churning races in Canada: Visible minority response change between 2006 and 2011

Why do most people have stable responses to census race questions, while some do not? Using linked Canadian data, we examine personal, social, and economic characteristics that predict response stability as White or as one of six large visible minority groups, versus a change in response to/from White or to/from another visible minority group. Response change rates in Canada are generally comparable to those in the US, UK, and New Zealand. Likely reflecting the centuries-old hegemony of Whites in these countries, White is the most stable response group in Canada as well as the US, UK, and New Zealand. Multiple-race response groups are among the newest and least stable response groups. Social statuses and experiences (mixed ethnic heritage, immigration status, and exposure to own-group members) are generally more predictive of race response stability and change than economic (income level and change in income) or personal statuses (education, age). This highlights the socially-constructed nature of race group boundaries. Joining and leaving a group are often predicted by the same status/characteristic and in the same direction, hinting that the status/characteristic adds complexity to the race-related experiences of constituents.     

The 2015 welfare reform of the National Basic Livelihood Security System in South Korea: Effects on economic outcomes

In July 2015, South Korea’s National Basic Livelihood Security System (NBLSS) was reformed for the purposes of eliminating welfare blind spots and reducing poverty. The reform is expected to affect the recipients’ economic behaviours and choices. In this study, we used changes in benefits and eligibility for the NBLSS under the customised benefit system to identify the effects of the change in the NBLSS on a proposed set of economic outcomes – income, labour supply, consumption, savings, poverty reduction. To estimate the effects, we used data from the 10th–12th waves of the Korea Welfare Panel Study and employed a difference‐in‐differences framework integrated with the propensity scores. We found that the NBLSS helps the poor to reduce financial and material hardships through income and consumption increments, but that it does not provide disincentives to the recipients from participating in the labour market or from saving.     

Bringing Japanese Continuous Improvement Approaches to U.S. Manufacturing: The Roles of Process Orientation and Communications*

Continuous improvement (CI) has played a key role in Japan's quality management. U.S. companies have begun to adopt CI in recent years. This paper studies the implementation of CI in seven U.S. manufacturing companies. We view values as the core concept of culture that impacts CI effectiveness. Using both qualitative and quantitative data with a sample of seven companies, we observe empirically a relationship between process-oriented values and CI effectiveness. We also find that communications involving workers is strongly associated with CI effectiveness. Finally, we find an association between process orientation and communication frequency, and argue that communications act as an intervening variable between process orientation and effectiveness.