现代汉语介词“论”的形成历史及其语法分析

现代汉语介词“论”来源于先秦动词“论”.动词“论”在先秦时期用在连动结构中,两汉时期“论”所在的连动结构主次动词分化明显,唐代“论”由动词引申出介词用法,宋代以后“论”的介词用法进一步扩展.连动结构是引发动词“论”语法化的句法环境,连动结构的句法环境加之连动结构中连词使用频率的递减趋势为动词“论”的语法化提供了条件.“论”由表示“议论、评论”的实词义到表示“以某种单位为准”的语法义的语法化过程中间经历了“衡量、评定”义的语义演变阶段.频率中“临界频率”的增加也是推动“论”语法化的一个重要因素.“论”的句法功能变化的机制是重新分析,而“论”发生语义演变致使语法意义产生的机制是语用推理.     

内外合力中的国民政府首都建设经费筹措（1927-1930）

国民政府定都南京,开启首都建设,但南京市财政困境无法提供充足经费。在国民政府和南京市府的双向合作中,首都建设经费借助“外力”:索取中央与江苏省资助,要求地方分担经费;发挥“内功”:整顿市产与车捐,发行建设公债。在内外合力之下,“国政”与“市政”相融合,“党国”权力渗透进首都建设,经费筹集取得一定效果。国民政府首都建设初期的经费筹措充分反映了新生政权的自我权威构建。     

西南联大学生智性生活寻绎

西南联大学生智性生活的丰盈从根本上来说源于学生炽热的救亡热情对求知热望的驱动,再加上联大教师所构建的探究性教学的理性触发与联大教师在同事的课堂上听课时所展现出来的求知热诚的感染,师生之间亲密关系的支撑,使得联大学生的智性生活在课堂上的精神畅享、自主的阅读空间中的沉迷、与教师进行的智性游谈、和同学展开的激烈论辩中,展现出丰富多彩、充满活力的风姿。学生如此丰盈的智性生活,不但在悄然间形成了自己独特的“智性趣味”,还养成了其难能可贵的爱智品格。联大学生在学生时代便具有的这些生命品性,成为其走上不倦的探索之路,不断开辟新的学术疆域的坚实基础。     

供应中断情况下基于备份供应商的应急决策分析

在供应商-制造商二级供应链中,制造商作为领导者,采用一个战略供应商和一个备份供应商。有两种期权执行模式,一种是需求未知情况下提前向备份供应商订货的推式订货模式,另一种是获知需求后再向备份供应商订货的推式与拉式相结合的订货模式。证明了所建模型均为凸规划,并利用Karush-Kuhn-Tucker条件求得备份供应商的能力预定量、战略供应商订货量以及最优利润的表达式,得出了是否采用备份供应商的临界值。研究结果表明：推式模式下战略供应商的订货量较大,推拉结合模式下备份供应商的能力预定量较大,推拉结合模式下制造商的利润较大;随着战略供应商可靠性系数的增大,推式模式下首先放弃备份供应商的使用;当战略供应商的采购成本、备份供应商的期权执行成本和缺货成本较大,且残值以及可靠性系数较小时,推拉结合模式相对于完全推式的效果更加明显。     

Nepal's Child Grant: A mixed‐methods assessment of implementation bottlenecks

This article evaluates the implementation of the Child Grant, one of the major social protection interventions in Nepal, and identifies bottlenecks that limit its ultimate effectiveness. On the whole, while delivery works for many beneficiaries, we found inconsistencies between the way the policy is laid out on paper, and the way it is actually implemented. Targeting efficiency is high, despite the wealth targeting criterion not being applied in practice. Owing to informal awareness‐raising campaigns, beneficiaries’ knowledge on registration, eligibility and entitlement is patchy. Payment levels vary and tend to be infrequent. These implementation bottlenecks limit the Grant's effectiveness and temper some of its impact potential.     

基于分位回归的国家形象影响因素分析

国家形象是国家软硬实力的综合体现,对于一国在国际舞台的表现有着重要影响。现实中存在许多影响国家形象的因素。本文从国际竞争力的概念和数据出发,通过对世界主要国家和地区的国家形象的影响因素做出实证分析研究。利用洛桑国际管理发展学院（IMD）的国际竞争力数据库中关于国家形象指标的数据,我们采用分位回归方法,以揭示造成不同国家形象水平的客观影响因素,并与普通最小二乘回归结果进行对比,从而得到更全面的信息,为提高我国的国家形象提供实证依据。     

Support for torture over time: Interrogating the American public about coercive tactics

In this study, we examine what influences public attitudes toward torture and whether the public's attitude affects or is affected by shifts in presidential policy on torture. We employed ten surveys over five years that looked at approval of torture, as well as two surveys that asked questions about specific methods. We find that public support for torture has risen mildly, but a resilient ambivalence best describes the public's attitude. The public was not affected by the change in government from an administration that strongly supported enhanced interrogation techniques to one that opposed them, and labeled them torture. Public opinion also seemed unaffected by the increased criticism of torture generally. Large majorities oppose most specific methods of interrogation, while at times a majority supports torture in general. We also find support for torture and specific methods is affected most strongly by partisanship and ideology.     

国内“高考移民”原因研究述评

本文在对"高考移民"的含义和类型进行概述的基础上,回顾了已有研究对"高考移民"原因的探讨,将其总结为中国传统文化观念的影响、地方政府及学校对经济利益的追求、各省市不同的高考录取分数线等七个方面。本文从学科研究的视角评述了已有"高考移民"原因的研究,并指出其存在的不足及未来研究的方向。     

Perceptions of Civil Servants Toward Privatization and Development: A New Exploratory Study

This study examines the perceptions of civil servants towards privatization with respect to national development. Using case studies and official interview data, it also examines the efficacy and effectiveness of privatization programs in a developing country, Bangladesh. The study rejects the conventional beliefs about the role of bureaucracies as anti-privatization by revealing that civil servants of Bangladesh have positive perceptions towards privatization with respect to national development. The study, however, finds no significant differences in the perceptions of different levels of civil servants towards privatization with respect to national development; they all share a common goal. Research demonstrates that civil servants generally believe that privatization positively affects economic, social, political and administrative development, although it negatively affects equity, fairness and social justice issues by widening the gap between the rich and the poor. Additionally, the study demonstrates that privatization is not conducive to employee empowerment.

中国统计学会主要学术贡献

本文将中国统计学会参与的一些重要学术活动做简单的梳理和回顾