社会网络分析在组织管理中的应用

社会网络分析在组织管理中的应用有多个层次:通过对组织内部进行社会网络分析,可以发现组织中存在的问题;通过为组织网络建立网络动力学模型,可以预见组织演化的趋势,提高组织管理的自觉程度;通过对组织外在交互网络进行分析,可以挖掘出组织的角色定位,发现组织发展的空间,实施组织的战略管理;通过对引进信息技术或其他组织管理措施的前后分析比较,可以对实施各种组织管理措施进行过程控制和量化测评等。     

网络传播与舆论监督

舆论监督要通过媒体才能得以实现。互联网的迅速发展和普及,使网络成了舆论监督的重要媒体。文章旨在分析网络传播的特性,通过网络监督与传统媒体监督的比较,阐明网络环境下舆论监督的优势及问题。     

一个微机项目管理软件包(PMIS2)

本文首先介绍了项目信息管理软件在国内外的开发及应用情况。在分析国情的基础上提出了综合性项目信息系统的构成。讨论了一个在AM1092超级微机上完成的项目信息管理软件包PMIS2的构成和功能。对支持PMIS2的小型关系数据库REDBALex进行了分析。最后提供了几点在微机系统上开发信息系统软件的经验。     

多种车流网络到单种车流网络的等价变换

本文讨论了多种车流网络到单种车流网络的等价变换方法。在实际的运输问题中,常会遇到多种车流的问题,采用了本方法之后,可使问题的解决变得较为简便,从而也提高了计算的效率。文中首先讨论了两种车流的情况,然后也述及一般情况,最后给出了两种车流的实际算例。     

短信传播：网络传播的有效补充与延伸

在信息传播过程中,手机短信的突出表现使人们开始将其视为"第五媒体"。本文在否定这一说法的同时,分析了短信传播在基本特征方面与网络传播的一致性,并提出短信传播可以被视为网络传播的有效补充与延伸。     

网络环境下大学生图书馆信息行为实证研究——以广州大学为例

参照OCLC关于高校信息用户信息行为及信息需求报告"College Students'Perceptions of Libraries Information Resources"的思路,采用问卷调查方法和统计分析法分析研究广州大学学生在图书馆的信息需求及信息行为,得知多数学生喜欢去图书馆是为了自修、借书和阅读,其中自修已成为多数学生去图书馆的主要目的;学生随着就读年级的递增利用图书馆则越熟练,找书的方式就越趋科学合理;学生的信息需求依次是时事娱乐、音乐、健康和就业。九成以上的学生通过互联网获取信息,只有四成的学生通过报刊获取信息,传统的图书馆报刊阅览服务受到挑战。因此,应从加强学科文献资源建设、优化资源配置、开展网络专题信息导航服务、加强导读服务等四方面着手改进高校图书馆工作,以更好地服务于大学生读者。     

网络“类民间组织”的演化机制与社会影响探析

以"宝贝回家"公益寻子网站为个案,对网络"类民间组织"的演化机制进行考察,主张网络"类民间组织"的演化机制可以分为形成、发展、规范和成熟四个阶段。同时,对网络"类民间组织"的社会影响进行探究,发现网络"类民间组织"在推动公众参与、扩大民间组织影响力、促进社会协调发展及拓宽行政监督途径方面具有积极意义;但是,由于受自身发展存在的缺陷及法治建设迟缓等因素的影响,网络"类民间组织"亦易造成社会失序、网络舆情"非理性"等消极影响。鉴于此,从营造发展环境、转变培育方式、深化内部管理机制、推进立法进程、健全监管体系等方面提出促进中国网络"类民间组织"健康发展的政策建议。     

民事诉讼中网络聊天证据取证的困境与出路

社交软件在互联网、大数据时代得到了飞速发展,网络聊天证据在民事诉讼中的运用增长迅速。网络聊天证据能否合法有效地收集对最大限度地再现案件真实和实体正义的实现影响甚巨。鉴于网络聊天证据在实务中采信率较低的司法现状,有必要对聊天证据收集的指导原则加以明确,并在此基础上对收集程序和取证主体等配套制度予以完善,赋予网络服务商之法定协助取证义务,以寄望破解当前网络聊天证据原件模糊、取证主体受限、成本高昂之困境。     

From “an open field” to established “waves”: Public relations scholarship through the lens of Public Relations Review

Public Relations Review is the oldest academic journal of public relations, celebrating its 45th year in 2020. This research analyzes the journal through a bibliometric census and co-citation analysis of every article in its history. Initial findings were shared with 17 senior scholars, who provided their insights on the history of the journal and its impact on the growth of the discipline. The interviews produced multiple themes regarding the impact of the journal and the evolution of research. Findings from the mixed-methods analysis include that research in the journal has grown exponentially and become more cohesive over time, that Public Relations Review has been a responsive vehicle for scholarly growth, that a wide variety of economic incentives have driven the agendas of the journal (and of researchers), and that fostering healthy disagreement among researchers is among the next steps forward for the discipline.     

Reinforced structural holes

Holes in social structure are variably reinforced by the social organization around the hole. The more reinforced the hole, the greater the difficulty in bridging it, but the more likely a successful bridge will carry information novel, and so potentially valuable, to people on the other side. To study how reinforcement varies with access to structural holes, and the achievement associated with access, I propose a measure of access to reinforced structural holes (RSH), and present results predicting achievement in an integrated banker organization and a balkanized supply-chain organization. In both study populations, the people who have access to structural holes also have access to reinforced structural holes, and all measures of access have a statistically significant association with achievement. However, there is no consistent prediction advantage from incorporating reinforcement in measures of access to structural holes. The reinforced-holes measure predicts compensation better or as well as network constraint and betweenness, but is weaker or no better than a count of nonredundant contacts. I do not infer from the results a rank-order of alternative measures so much as substitutability. I expect achievement to be associated with access to structural holes, but I expect the association to vary across alternative measures depending on how achievement is achieved in a specific population.