作为企业竞争优势源泉的网络治理--基本的概念分析框架和研究假设

本文以新经济形态下的网络组织交易模式--网络治理为研究对象,试图回答网络治理之所以成为企业竞争优势源泉的原因.为此,本文在新制度经济学交易成本思想的分析背景中,在治理结构连续体的基础上,将网络治理对应于这种分析背景中的混合治理模型展开分析.然后,根据经济学和管理学中已有的治理和战略、价值贡献要素以及竞争优势的规范逻辑关系,得到网络治理和竞争优势的关系.最后,本文应用资源基础论中一个关于企业战略选择价值分析的VRIO模型,尝试解析网络治理作为企业竞争优势源泉的原因,并为此提供了一个基本的概念分析框架和相应的研究假设.     

Agricultural education: Gender identity and knowledge exchange

Women farmers are underserved in agricultural education and technical assistance. Long held social constructions of farming women as ‘farmwives’ and in some cases ‘the bookkeepers’ rather than farmers or decision-makers influence the direction of most educational programming delivered through extension programs in land-grant universities in the United States. Consequently, many women farmers generally view these spaces as hostile, rather than helpful environments. This paper uses the agricultural training framework developed by Liepins and Schick (1998) to analyze our research on developing educational programming for women farmers. We conducted five focus groups with members of the Pennsylvania Women's Agricultural Network (PA-WAgN) to better understand women farmers’ needs for education. Women farmers reported the kinds of knowledge and information they want, in what kinds of contexts, and through what means of communication. We adapt and extend the original theoretical framework developed by Liepins and Schick to incorporate the seriality of women's identities, their discourses of embodiment and the agency granted to them through social networks. Through a presentation of the results of these focus groups, we discuss both the relevance of gender to agricultural education and the importance of the network model in providing education to women farmers.     

Collective action and network change

Network models of collective action commonly assume fixed social networks in which ties influence participation through social rewards. This implies that only certain ties are beneficial from the view of individual actors. Accordingly, in this study we allow that actors strategically revise their relations. Moreover, in our model actors also take into account possible network consequences in their participation choices. To handle the interrelatedness of networks and participation, we introduce new equilibrium concepts. Our equilibrium analysis suggests that structures that tend to segregate contributors from free riders are stable, but costless network change only promotes all-or-nothing participation and complete networks.     

The effect of density on the level of bias in the network autocorrelation model

Researchers interested in the effects of social network ties on behavior are increasingly turning to the network autocorrelation model, which allows for the simultaneous computation of individual-level and network-level effects. Earlier research, however, had pointed to the possibility that the maximum likelihood estimates used to compute the network autocorrelation model yielded negatively biased parameter estimates. In this paper we use simulations to examine whether – and the conditions under which – a negative bias exists. We show that the network parameter estimate ρ is negatively biased under nearly all conditions, and that this bias becomes more severe at higher levels of both ρ and network density. We conclude by discussing the implications of these findings for researchers planning to use the network autocorrelation model.     

用水量组合预测模型的研究

为了给水资源规划提供依据，我们要对城市用水量进行预测，以期揭示其变化规律和发展趋势。本文从分析城市用水量变化规律着手，给出了城市用水量预测的常用模型，进而确定组合预测模型。通过引入层次分析法（AHP）确定组合预测权系数，将目前常用的用水量预测模型有机地结合起来，建立了用水量组合预测的结构模型。算例结果表明，该组合预测模型在预测准确性方面能得到改进，能对城市用水量进行有效地预测。     

缩小我国城乡青少年网络应用差距的思考

目前我国青少年群体的网络应用规模不断扩大,应用范围逐渐广泛,并在向着持续健康的方向发展,但是目前城乡青少年网络应用还存在着较大差距,如何缩小这种差距,并逐步引导城乡青少年合理有效地利用网络还需进一步探讨。     

共青团创建“青年贷”的可行性分析

近年来,网贷飞速发展,青年在网贷中占主体。鉴于当前青年创业融资难的现状,共青团应创建"青年贷",服务青年,凝聚青年。共青团创建"青年贷"的各种条件现已具备,作为共青团服务青年的公益性金融信息平台,"青年贷"可参考中国青少年发展基金会的运作模式,充分利用共青团的组织优势与资源优势,通过当地基层团委和"青年贷"平台对借款的两次审核,确保借款和平台的安全,充分发挥共青团服务青年、联系青年的作用,持续为创业青年提供创业贷款,助力青年实现创业梦想。     

Software variety and hardware value: a case study of complementary network externalities in the microcomputer software industry

We estimate the effects of software provision on the valuation of hardware in the early microcomputer industry, covering the period 1981–1986. Since hardware and software technologies `co-evolve,' a discussion of the economic and technological relationships is provided to clarify the nature of the relationship between software variety and hardware price.     

基于适应性内容呈现的网络课程设计开发

指出了学生特点和差异性在网络课程开发中的重要性，提出了在网络课程中应根据学生学习风格提供相适应的内容呈现方式的观点．探讨了基于适应性内容呈现的网络课程的设计开发过程，并以《微机原理与接口技术》网络课程的开发为例阐述了其实现方法和注意事项．