纽约州政府促进高校和企业合作的路径与启示

纽约州的校企合作有较好的传统,但也存在着一些问题。纽约州政府通过成立"专门小组委员会"、设立"创新咨询委员会"、建立相关的研究机构、招聘优秀人才、优先考虑校企合作项目的申请、重点建设一些领域和学科、收集和出版相关信息等举措,促进了纽约州的校企合作。高校和企业的合作是高等教育为大都市经济社会发展服务的一个重要方面,纽约州政府的这些举措,能给我国大城市提供一些启示。     

Engaging through Learning—Learning through Engaging: An Alternative Approach to Professional Learning about Human Diversity

This paper presents an alternative framework for construing learning about human diversity as an ongoing, socially constructed, contextual process based in relational learning. The approach enables shifts in understanding for teachers, students, practitioners, client groups and organizations. Conceived to strengthen professional social workers' capacity for on the job learning, this approach provides another entry point for social work faculty to conceptualize the learning process as relational, contextual and process based. It seeks to capitalize on the learning process itself as a mechanism through which learners simultaneously engage one another around issues of culture, identity, and difference and learn through the engagement. The approach is guided by four conceptual touchstones, 14 years of social work practice in a global context, and eight iterations of teaching a masters level diversity course. Eight constructs animate this process approach. They include: exposure, engagement, emotion, empathy, narrative, personal disposition, the learning environment, and a sense of ‘self‐in‐relation’. In addition to illuminating the social structures and social processes that construct diversity, the approach can also engender the sense of relational solidarity among learners necessary for prolonged commitment to social change.     

体制内转换与体制外输入:农村社会工作者队伍建设短期策略

作为一项专业性的工作,社会工作是在市场经济的条件下才开始显示其必要性并逐渐发挥其积极作用的。我国目前还不大成熟的社会工作大多还是局限在城市社区,在广大农村社区还是一个薄弱环节甚至是盲点。大量的工作与事务或有政府行为代替,或是由基层行政村处理,或是由农民自己解决,适应新形势要求的农村社会工作者队伍基本上还没有被提上议事日程。为此,重视和重建农村社会工作者队伍,充分发挥原有乡村基层干部队伍和社工村官这一农村工作新鲜血液的积极性,做好他们的角色转换和社会工作培训,是在中国特色背景下农村社会工作者队伍培养的一个短期策略,也是提升社会工作介入农村各种社会问题的良好契机,此举将会对农村和谐社会建设及社会工作在我国的发展产生促进作用。     

Self‐reported proficiency in Māori language among those of Māori descent in New Zealand

Abstract

In a national survey in New Zealand (N = 12 992), participants of Māori descent (N = 2936) reported their proficiency in speaking, reading, and writing Māori and in understanding spoken Māori. Only 6–10% reported that they could cope “very well” in these areas while 36–52% reported their proficiency as “no more than a few words or phrases”. There was no evidence of subgroups of Māori with divergent proficiency across oral language or literacy. Six latent classes were fitted but these appeared to lie along a continuum, and analysis employing item response theory (IRT) and factor analysis confirmed this. A simple sum of scores across the four areas correlated very highly with the IRT factor score (r = 0.97). High proficiency was more common among older Māori and females, in the Midland region (lowest in the South), and for those with sole‐Māori ethnicity, followed by multi‐ethnic Māori (seldom seen in those of Māori descent but not ethnicity).     

印度产业升级的路径依赖和路径创新——一基于新制度经济学视角的探讨

产业升级是一个国家经济持续增长的必经之路，实质上也是一个制度变迁的过程。按照新制度经济学的观点，建立在自然资源禀赋、技术、制度、环境等因素基础上的路径依赖已经将印度锁定在“逆工业化”这条路径上。要想破除锁定，实现产业升级，就必须分析印度产业结构中产生路径依赖的各种因素，比如报酬递增、利益集团、初设成本、学习效应、协调效应、适应性预期、思想观念等，实现路径创新，增加经济发展的内源动力，实现国民经济可持续增长的目的。这一思路对中国的产业升级也具有启示作用。     

International Migration and Religious Participation: The Mediating Impact of Individual and Contextual Effects1

Supported by previous empirical work, theory from sociology of religion and migration provide testable hypotheses in predicting changes in immigrant religious participation surrounding the migratory event. Due to data constraints, however, these hypotheses have escaped broad‐based analysis. Using the New Immigrant Survey (NIS), religious participation from pre‐ to postmigration time periods is found to decrease among recent immigrants to the United States. Individual‐level characteristics (i.e., gender, familial conditions, employment) do not substantially explain this decline; alternatively, contextual‐level factors (i.e., religious pluralism and religious concentration) partially mediate this drop in immigrant religiosity.     

毛泽东对中国社会主义现代化的开拓和奠基

毛泽东是中国社会主义现代化的开拓者和奠基者。他在长期领导中国革命和建设中对中国社会主义现代化事业作出了不可磨灭的伟大贡献。这些贡献突出地表现在五个方面：1．总结近代以来无数仁人志士救国救民的教训，得出“走俄国人的路”的结论；2．领导新民主主义革命取得胜利，为中国的社会主义现代化奠定根本前提；3．领导社会主义革命取得成功，为中国社会主义现代化奠定制度基础；4．对中国现代化的战略目标和战略步骤作出总体安排，指明前进方向；5．艰辛探索适合中国情况的社会主义建设道路，为中国特色社会主义道路和理论的形成作了孕育和准备。     

公民文化意识与政治主体文化建设

政治文化是一种社会政治现象，它反映着一个国家、一个民族客观的政治历史和政治现实。社会主义政治文化是以马克思主义为指导思想、人民当家作主和依法治国为主要特征的，它是全面建设小康社会重要的思想保证。本文从政治文化的内涵界定出发，分析了政治文化的特征以及全面建设小康社会下政治文化建设的基本途径。     

MAPPING CULTURAL/POLITICAL DEBATES IN LATIN AMERICAN STUDIES

The theorization of postmodernism as the cultural logic of late capitalism has generated a number of debates among Latinos in the US and among Latin American critics in particular. This article examines a number of writings published between 1989 and 1994 by Latin American critics focusing on the viability of seeing Latin America as postmodern. We argue that in the rush to accept First World theoretical frameworks, there has been much confusion and a collapsing of economic, political and cultural categories. Conflating market growth and shifts with social change and the availability of a plurality of consumer goods with the distribution of goods and services, some critics have been quick to label cultural production in Latin America as ‘postmodern’. What is needed is a delimitation of the categories used, an examination of the cultural debate in relation to other debates on development, social movements, democratization and alliance politics, as well as an examination of local intellectual debates within the global context of restructuring and transnational capital.