新时代大学生就业问题探究

本文探讨了新时代大学生就业存在的问题,如诚信缺失,专业与职业认识不清,学校生活与职场衔接不畅,地域差异与眼高手低的问题;分析了学生就业的影响因素,如区域经济、地方人才需求、学生家庭情况、城乡差别、学历层次;提出了学生就业问题的解决办法,如当地政府就业服务政策,提升高校就业服务水平,充分运用数字互联网技术,建立健全学生实习与见习基地,加强立德树人理念与心理引导。     

Cocoa Pod Borer (Conopomorpha cramerella Snellen) in Papua New Guinea: Biosecurity Models for New Ireland and the Autonomous Region of Bougainville

Cocoa Pod Borer (Conopomorpha cramerella Snellen) (CPB) is an important pest of cocoa. Following its emergence as a pest in East New Britain, Papua New Guinea, in 2006, it was considered relevant to assess its potential spread to other cocoa growing regions. Its likelihood of introduction to the islands of Bougainville and New Ireland from East New Britain Province, Papua New Guinea, was modeled using Monte Carlo simulation. This dispersal model was based around different scenarios, identifying trends rather than explicitly attempting to encapsulate true values. The model suggested that CPB is far more likely to establish on New Ireland than on Bougainville. More important, incertitude resulting from incomplete knowledge of the amount and frequency of cocoa transported between islands had a significant effect on model outputs. Quarantine and agriculture officials will be able to refine these parameter values, and then use the relevant scenarios from those presented here as a guide to develop quarantine procedures. In addition, a contingency model was employed to estimate the optimal sampling effort to use following an incursion of CPB into Bougainville or New Ireland and the seemingly successful implementation of an initial eradication program. The model suggests that at a 1% infestation level, sampling should continue for 2.5–2.7 years (90% CI) after claiming eradication, and this estimate changed little for higher infestation levels. Through modeling variations in sampling intensity, the model also suggested that determining the full spread of CPB is more important than increased sampling within one region.     

试析现代新儒家的理论特质

在近现代中国三大文化思潮中,作为保守主义色彩相对较重的一派,现代新儒家旗帜鲜明地以传统的儒家思想和精神作为自身理论建构的源头活水。现代新儒家的理论,更多地以形而上学的理路阐扬儒家思想,在明确地以承续儒家之＂统＂为精神抱持的同时,又蕴涵着相当浓烈的现代诉求,从而呈现为既充满矛盾却又有其一贯性的理论形态。     

拓展选择主义：城市贫困救助目标的再定位

近年来，城市新贫困现象日渐凸出。以最低生活保障为基础的城市贫困救助体系在“设标”和“寻标”环节均存在缺陷，难以适应城市贫困形势发展的需要。城市贫困救助体系的改革必须对“谁是贫困者”“如何寻找贫困者”等问题进行重新回答，拓展选择的目标范围，更新工作思路，让更多贫困者受惠。     

An Analysis of the New Generation of Migrant Workers＇ Education Demand

对新生代农民工来说，教育是提高自身人力资本、实现经济地位和社会地位转变的最主要途径。总体来看，新生代农民工对教育需求强烈，偏好学历教育，学习内容上体现了明显的市场经济导向，在教育机构的选择上存在一定的差异性。因此，技能与学历相结合的教育是最适合于新生代农民工的教育，可以通过深化成人教育和职业教育改革、规范培训机构、加强政府扶持力度和强化企业责任等途径以满足新生代农民工群体的特殊需要。     

高等学校合校浪潮中工程管理专业的去向在哪里

在最近全国性的高校合校浪潮中，工程管理这一交叉性很强的专业的去向问题引起了专 家及学者的思考与讨论，寻求这一问题解决途径的重要性和紧迫性不而言喻。本文通过作者不久前作 的一个国际社会调查，结合英美两国高校中工程管理专业设置的情况，说明如何解决这一问题，供决 策者参考。     

The welfare politics of Charles Murray are alive and well in the UK

Prideaux SJ. The welfare politics of Charles Murray are alive and well in the UK
Int J Soc Welfare 2010: 19: 293–302 © 2009 The Author(s), Journal compilation © 2009 Blackwell Publishing Ltd and the International Journal of Social Welfare. This article takes a historical look at the ‘underclass’ debate that was prominently provoked and perpetuated in Britain by the American Charles Murray. It does so because the recent protestations about gun crime, welfare dependency and lone parenthood by David Cameron and the Conservative Party have not only echoed New Labour's New Deal logic, but have also reignited an argument that furiously raged in British policy debates during the 1980s and 1990s. Despite numerous criticisms and critics questioning Murray's selection of evidence, methodology and use of anecdotal vignettes, it is still apparent that the stereotypical assumptions about a section of British society who choose not to work, live a life of crime and produce inadequately socialised illegitimate children still persist. Consequently, the article revisits these arguments so that lessons from the past can now be brought to the fore and, hopefully, taken on board academically if not politically.     

中国需求管理政策研究

介绍需求管理政策内涵,总结中国需求管理政策的特点,设计评价需求管理政策效果的三个指标,即财政政策效果系数、货币政策效果系数和需求管理政策效果系数,依据这些指标作出中国需求管理政策效果越来越差的判断。根据财政政策乘数和货币政策乘数明确影响需求管理政策效果的因素并分析这些因素对需求管理政策效果的影响,最后提出新常态下中国需求管理政策的改进意见。     

Japanese women's experiences of pharmacological pain relief in New Zealand

BackgroundIn Japan, most women manage labour pain without pharmacological interventions. However, New Zealand statistics show a high percentage of epidural use amongst Asian women. Entonox (a gas mixture of nitrous oxide and oxygen) and pethidine are also available to women in New Zealand. This article investigates how Japanese women in New Zealand respond to the use of pharmacological pain relief in labour.QuestionsThe study was guided by two research questions: (1) How do Japanese women experience and manage labour pain in New Zealand? (2) How do they feel about the use of pharmacological pain relief?MethodsThirteen Japanese women who had given birth in New Zealand were interviewed individually or in a focus group. The conversations were analysed using thematic analysis.FindingsAlthough in Japan very few women use pain relief, nine women received epidural and/or Entonox out of 11 women who experienced labour pain. The contrast between their Japanese cultural expectations and their birth experiences caused some of the women subsequent personal conflict.ConclusionJapanese women's cultural perspectives and passive attitudes were demonstrated to influence the decision-making process concerning pain relief. It was concluded that understanding Japanese cultural worldviews and approaches to the role of pain in labour would help maternity providers in their provision of appropriate care for Japanese women.     

“You Have to Be Strong to Be Gay”: Bullying and Educational Attainment in LGB New Zealanders

SUMMARY

Lesbian, gay and bisexual (LGB) persons in New Zealand are highly vulnerable to bullying, although bullying appears to have evolved from physical to primarily verbal abuse. Data from the Lavender Islands national study of 2,269 LGBs in New Zealand suggest that coming out early as LGB appears associated with lower levels of educational attainment, which in turn is associated with bullying and verbal assault. LGBs with higher educational attainment are more satisfied with an LGB identity than those with lower educational attainment. The data suggest that the consequences of bullying and assault may be longer term and more far-reaching than even the psychological challenges found in the literature. Consequences may include lower lifelong levels of satisfaction with an LGB identity, and an early coming out “penalty” in education. Quantitative data are supported by the unprompted narratives of respondents who expressed difficulties within the high school environment. The study also found relatively high levels of teacher discrimination and verbal assault reported by high educational attainers. In general, LGB educational attainers may perhaps be more appropriately called “educational survivors.”