构建和谐社会的政府绩效评估探讨

政府绩效评估是构建和谐社会的必然要求,它对构建和谐社会有极大的帮助。本文分析了现阶段我国政府绩效评估中存在的问题,即评估主体比较单一、评估指标不够科学、评估程序不够规范、评估手段不够成熟,提出了加强政府绩效评估促进社会和谐的几点建议。     

Engaging Indigenous Communities: Towards a Policy Framework for Indigenous Community Justice Programmes

Community engagement has come to the fore as a policy and programme approach that seeks to connect citizens both with each other and with government in order to deliver improved social and economic opportunities and outcomes. This model has become a key aspect of the intervention approach within Indigenous communities and is seen to have particular application in addressing community justice issues. This article examines a suite of community justice initiatives being used in Indigenous communities in Australia with a view to ascertaining how the principles of community engagement are operationalized. The article draws on this information and argues that community engagement is only one aspect of a number of community‐oriented justice initiatives currently being applied. These initiatives range from concepts of community as a location, community as an interest group, and the leveraging of community capital so as to tap into and build better and stronger relationships. In so doing, the latter attempts to increase the social infrastructure, resources and capacity of communities. However, despite government attention in this area, there is a lack of a policy and programmatic framework to guide a coherent and apposite approach to issues of community in specific policy settings. The article contributes to the development of a framework that begins the process of differentiating and assessing justice administration interventions.     

城市经营误入歧途之机制浅析

城市经营是近几年来城市管理和学术研究中的热点问题,但众多学者和城市管理者在城市经营的现实基础、内涵本质、所遵循的基础理论和所面临的问题等方面并没有取得一致的意见。虽然城市经营表现出的形式多种多样,但其内涵和本质是以提高城市竞争力为目标;城市经营的理论基础可以从蒂伯特模型、政府再造运动和布雷顿竞争性政府的概念中去寻找;片面理解城市经营不但会造成土地等城市资源枯竭、加重企业和群众负担以及城市负债过度,而且极易诱发金融风险;要防止城市经营走入歧途,不仅需要彻底解决地方政府财权事权不对等的问题,完善城市管理的立法工作,还需要全面反思城市的土地经营思路,规范政府行为和市场秩序的重建。     

《大公报》与南京政府初期之裁兵运动

南京国民政府成立之后,随着北伐成功以及中国形式上统一,裁兵运动重新提上议事日程.<大公报>认为裁兵不仅反映了民众呼声,亦是救民众于灾难之中的一项重要行动,遂担当起舆论鼓吹的角色,为裁兵运动大声疾呼,力图促进各界人士共同推动裁兵事业取得应有之绩效或实质性进展.该报详细报道了裁兵运动发展的全程并连篇累牍地发表评论,比较全面地分析了此次裁兵的缘起及其失败的后果.     

政府权威与社会公共利益

政府权威是社会公共利益的需要。在我国由计划经济向现代市场经济转变的过程中,社会利益的多元性和复杂性以及人们生存需求的多样化,都在更为深入的层面上对政府的社会秩序供给提出了新的要求,对传统的政府权威形成挑战。适应新的社会历史条件,强化政府权威,需要完善制度法规,限定权力,制衡权力,监督权力,推进民主化进程,增强社会凝聚力。     

关于政府构建与完善中小企业支持体系的思考

中小企业的发展,在推进国有企业改革、解决下岗职工再就业、增加财政收入、搞活城乡经济和加快小城镇建设等方面发挥了不可替代的作用。在我国中小企业的发展中,长期存在着一些制约其快速发展的因素,迫切需要政府构建和完善中小企业支持体系,以推动中小企业的持续、健康发展。     

Are corrupt acts contagious?: Evidence from the United States

This paper adds to the literature by shedding new light on the causes of corruption. Specifically, we provide evidence on the extent to which corruption might be contagious. In other words, what is the extent to which a demonstration effect is at play at inducing corrupt acts? Using state-level U.S. data over the 1995–2004 period, the results show that the effect of neighboring corruption is positive and statistically significant in all cases, implying that corruption does appear to be contagious. Specifically, a 10% increase in corruption in neighboring states appears to increase corruption in a state by about 4–11%. Of the different types of government activity, the size of defense and non-defense federal sectors in a state seem to have opposite effects on corruption, with the former contributing to corruption and the latter serving as a deterrent. The size of the state and local governments does not seem to be relevant. Of the variables controlling for detection and punishment of corrupt individuals, greater corrections employment reduces corruption, while greater judicial employment seems to increase corruption. Changes in the police force do not seem to have a statistically significant impact. These findings generally hold when we control for the disproportionate effects of the Washington, DC area and when a pooled data set is estimated. Contagion effects are also found for other crimes. Policy implications are discussed.     

空间城市化机制和人口城市化目标——对中国当代城市化发展的一项研究

无论从城市人口变化还是城市空间变化角度观察,以上个世纪90年代中期为界,中国的城市化都经历了两个不同的阶段。90年代中期以来的城市化是以地方政府经营土地使用权为内在动力的空间城市化过程,这一机制是由一系列土地法规催生形成的。这一城市化机制的主要问题在于:它无意于解决人口城市化中跨省市流动人口的异地城市化问题;它造成空间意义上低效率的假性城市化;更为重要的是,它造成了具有宏观影响的土地金融风险。本文基此认为,应该制定相关政策调整和规范地方政府策动的空间城市化机制,规避其产生的问题,通过激励设计促进城市化在机制与目标方面的协调。     

治理理念对调整行业协会与政府关系的指导意义

市场经济的发展必然要求经济性行业协会承担起行业管理的重任。但是我国的行业协会还没有完全实现自治，尤其是在行业协会与政府的关系上，如政社不分和职权不明这些因素严重制约了行业协会的发展。政府应该依循治理念为行业协会提供适当的发展空间，促成政府与行业协会的合作，以实现经济社会的良性循环。     

“你,幸福吗?”问倒了谁——从社会救助谈开去

"你幸福吗?"是为数不多的、经由主流媒体产生的2012年度"热词",但其热度的背后应贯穿我们冷静的思考。本文选择从社会救助角度切入,主要从个人家庭、社会建设、政府建设、政权合法性等方面论述社会救助的重要性,从资格获取、资金使用和所涉人员观念转变上论述社会救助的复杂性,最终导出社会救助本然的国家责任伦理本位、社会参与格局和基于政治体制改革后府民关系的初步设想,呼吁落实宣传口号于切实的治理行为。本文并不囿限于"幸福"或者社会救助的概念作讨论,转而向更深层次的体制、制度做了初步挖掘,观点多属个人之见,不免偏狭愚陋,只求探讨和商榷。