西部民族自治地区人口年龄结构变化对居民消费的影响研究——基于动态面板数据模型的实证分析

本文以生命周期假说为基础,运用动态面板数据GMM估计方法,对我国西部民族自治地区人15／年龄结构与居民消费的关系进行了实证考察。发现老年抚养系数和少儿抚养系数均与居民消费率显著正相关。结果还发现这些地区居民消费习惯较为稳定。控制了影响居民消费的其他因素后,本文的结果基本稳健。     

社会养老服务机构的法律规制

我国养老服务机构存在分类混乱、资金匮乏、管理体系不明、人员缺乏、风险巨大等发展困境,迫切需要法律规制和引导。新修订的《老年人权益保障法》针对上述问题对社会养老服务机构作出了相应规范,但在社会养老服务机构的称谓、分类、监管和法律责任方面仍略显不足。可以考虑在《老年人权益保障法》中对社会养老服务机构的界定、分类标准、准入、管理等作系统规定,并完善相应配套法规。     

A Common Situation Conducive to Bizarre Distribution Shapes

Conditions conducive to bizarre-shaped distributions are fairly common in certain areas of research where, for perfectly valid reasons, an important causal variable is left uncontrolled. Theoretical rationale and actual examples are given to show how such distributions are generated, to exemplify their shapes, and to indicate their prevalence in practice. An L-shaped type tends to occur when time scores are recorded for a task subject to infrequent but time-consuming errors; other types occur when measuring behavior influenced by social conformity, or under other circumstances. The L shape appears to be far more conducive to nonrobustness than are previously investigated shapes.     

Optimization and heuristic methods supporting distributed manufacturing

New optimization and heuristic methods are described to address supply chain management problems in distributed manufacturing settings. Specifically, integer programming formulations and heuristic methods are developed to design and evaluate optimal or near-optimal delivery plans for material movements between sites in a truckload trucking environment for the benefit of carriers, customers and professional drivers. The tools developed herein are appropriate for examining delivery needs between suppliers, manufacturers, distribution centres, and customer locations. They are equally applicable to more complex situations involving the return of packaging materials to the original shipment site, or even concurrent consideration of multiple business entities with various shipment profiles. Realistically sized case studies are provided to demonstrate the efficacy of the approaches using data supplied by J.B. Hunt Transport, Inc.     

马克思主义按劳分配的精神实质及当代价值

按劳分配是马克思在批判资本主义按生产要素分配的基础上对未来社会收入分配方式的设想。马克思主义按劳分配的精神实质表现为以人为本,劳动的优先性内含着以人为本的精神理念,劳动的平等性体现了以人为本的精神理念,分配的差别性反映了以人为本的精神理念,分配的公平性彰显了以人为本的精神理念。当前我国实行以按劳分配为主体,多种分配方式并存的收入分配制度,深入分析马克思主义按劳分配的精神实质,在收入分配领域就要努力实行劳动优先,认真保障劳动平等,严谨落实分配差别,不断推进分配平等。     

语料库视野下的现代汉语“狗”字义项分布研究

利用北大CCL语料库丰富的语料对“狗”字在现代汉语中的义项分布情况进行了重新分析,发现《现代汉语词典》(第6版)动物词“狗”漏收了“低下、低贱”;“坏”;“坏人,骂人的话”;“奉承,巴结”;“中国的十二生肖之一”等5个义项。     

国有企业内部收入分配公平性研究——基于M公司的案例研究

国有企业内部收入分配是否公平是一个客观现实问题,至今没有给出一个令人信服的答案。本文采用案例研究方法,通过调查和数据收集,分别从薪酬程序的制定、委托代理理论、企业公平理论和社会公平理论的角度,考察国有M公司内部收入分配的公平性问题。从研究结果来看,公司内部薪酬制定程序不公平,企业的收入分配集中于公司管理人员、特别是高层管理人员,管理人员的收入既与企业业绩无关,也与其投入不相称,并且这种分配差距已经到达了社会收入分配的警戒线。本案例研究为判断目前国有企业收入分配和社会收入分配是否公平提供了微观基础。     

Tests of hypotheses on concomitant variables in linear models

The likelihood ratio test for the equality of k univariate normal populations is extended to include the case in which the means are expressed as simple linear regression functions involving two parameters, The moments of the likelihood ratio statistic are derived, and an approximation to the null distribution is obtained.     

On the distributions of the inner distance functions in the multivariate normal populations with unequal covariance matrices

The sample distance functions between an observation and a population were deduced by the likelihood procedures for discrimination problem in the case of several normal populations with unequal covariance matrices(1986). The present paper gives the exact MGFs of the distance functions for the case that the observation and the sample come from the same population and the limiting distributions of the distance functions by using the MCFs.     

Exact-and approximate bayes credibility intervals for the one-way analysis of variance model

In most hierarchical Bayes cases the posterior distributions are difficult to derive and cannot be obtained in closed form. In some special cases, however, it is possible to obtain the exact moments of the posterior distributions.

By applying these moments and Pearson curves or Cornish-Fisher expansions to real problems, good approximations of the exact posterior distributions of individual parameter values as well as linear combinations of parameter values could easily be obtained.