The perception of occupational stress and its relation to research and teaching among academic staff

Abstract

A sample of full-time teaching staff from a former polytechnic participated in a study to examine the relationships between their perception of occupational stress and their involvement in research. Information was obtained from 60% of staff approached. The mean scores on the Occupational Stress Indicator (OSI) for job satisfaction and stress-related measures of mental health and physical health did not differ significantly from data obtained in previous studies on university academic personnel. Scores on these variables were not significantly related to research activity. The degree of satisfaction and degree of stress emanating from participation in research, in teaching and in administration were separately assessed in structured interviews.     

Guest Editorial Production Planning and Control in other Industries

This paper provides an excursion into various scheduling problems arising in the manufacturing environment and possible approaches that can be taken to solve them. It reviews the research in production scheduling from the perspective of designing and operating a production system and examines the research strategies adopted to find the solution of the practical problems. This review is in the form of the paradigms that evolved during the twentieth century and shows the transition in theory and practice of each paradigm. It covers the fundamental frameworks of scheduling theory, outlining various approaches that can be taken to solve (optimally or approximately) such problems, and the difficulties arising in their practical use. Subsequently, an iterative scheduling process is suggested as an extension of existing paradigms to solve practical production scheduling problems and to bridge the gap between theory and practice in production scheduling and control.     

《红旗谱》研究五十年述评

五十年来的《红旗谱》研究曾掀起三次研究高潮。从关注作品的时代背景、主题、人物形象、认识价值到第二次研究高潮中对其艺术风格、版本、情节构成的深层探讨,再到第三次研究高潮中叙事学角度的分析、文化、美学领域的拓展,《红旗谱》的研究由单一的文本阐释走向了多方位、深向度的交叉学科研究。     

关于魏晋时期自然观的形成和对中国绘画影响的研究

魏晋南北朝时期是中国历史上一个在政治、经济、文化等领域产生大变革的特殊时期,随着整个社会的重大转折,人的文化意识形态也会随之改变,玄学是当时社会意识形态转变的主要理论之一,它对中国文化中自然观念的形成有着极大的催化作用。同时,也对中国山水画的开端和发展有着重要的影响,这使处在萌芽状态中的中国山水画完全脱离了以前只作为人物画背景的状况。     

Some indications for professional development in social work: a study of theoretical interest and attitudes towards research among Icelandic social workers

This study among Icelandic social workers generally showed positive attitudes towards research activity in the field. Most respondents, whereof half were practice teachers, saw the practicum as an important tool for the integration of theoretical application and research activity to practice. Almost all saw research activity as a feasible way to empower social work as a profession. Simultaneously, a relatively small percentage report their own research activity. Besides this discrepancy some interesting differences were found according to number of years after graduation, field employment and experience as practice teachers. It is argued that the theme in focus is a critical indication of professional development and highly relevant for the educational discourse as for future professional development.     

文学研究的时代课题——生态文学

生态文学是西方人文主义者通过对现代工业和科学技术的反思、质疑及对经济全球化过程中环境污染和人类生存状况的忧思而展开的课题。它在文艺学领域引起强烈的反响，并迅速发展为一门显学。拟以建设社会主义生态文明为背景，探讨生态文学的研究价值，呼吁文学研究对生态文学的高度关注。     

The Effect of Support Expectations on Prenatal Attachment: An Evidence-Based Approach for Intervention in an Adolescent Population

This study was designed to determine the significant variables predicting prenatal attachment in an adolescent population. Scientifically supported knowledge of the factors enhancing attachment plays a crucial role in assisting social workers and other health care professionals to accurately assess and intervene to decrease pregnancy risks. Previous prenatal attachment studies demonstrated conflicting findings due to problems from using different theoretical frameworks and research methodologies. In order to ensure consistency, this study infused an attachment theory perspective. Bowlby’s attachment theory, Levitt’s support expectations model, and research from prenatal relationship studies were integrated. The social survey sampled 129 minority status pregnant adolescents attending public school. Measurements included the Prenatal Attachment Inventory (PAI) and the Support Expectations Index (SEI). Regression analyses revealed that support expectation was a powerful predictor of prenatal attachment with pregnancy planning and less stress adding importantly to explain over 33% of the variance. Support expectation was a greater predictor of prenatal attachment than the actual support available. Findings also supported the construct of prenatal attachment as the initial stage of development of the life cycle. Janis B. Feldman is an Assistant Professor, University, of Texas-Pan American.     

大胆假设,细致分析——比较文学“影响研究”新解

影响研究就是在“传播研究”所能提供的事实非常有限的条件下 ,提出文学影响的假说 ,并在此基础上对作家作品进行细致的分析和研究。在这个问题上 ,笔者不同意韦勒克等人关于影响研究“甚至不可能完整地研究一部艺术品”的看法。认为“影响研究”有三个阶段或三个层次 :第一 ,提出“影响”的假说 ;第二 ,为论证影响假说而对具体作家作品进行分析 ,其中包括对主题、题材与情节的分析、对典型人物的解剖 ,对艺术手法艺术风格的对比等等 ,从而见出影响是否存在 ,如何存在 ,如何表现 ;第三 ,指出影响接受者如何超越影响 ,即“超影响”的研究 ,亦即研究影响的范围与限度、影响与独创的关系     

Quantifying Quality: Can Quantitative Data (“Metrics”) Explain the 2001 RAE Ratings for Social Policy and Administration?

This paper finds that around 80 per cent of the differences in the ratings awarded in the 2001 RAE for social policy may be “explained” using half a dozen pieces of quantitative data. Social policy excellence—as judged by peer review—is associated with the award of doctorates, the amount of money raised, publications in a particular (if broad) range of journals and books by major publishers, and being large. Even taking account of differences on all these factors, the analysis found that new universities fared worse than their quantitative data would suggest. It is argued that quantitative data should play a larger role in decisions about research quality, aiding equity and transparency.