智能车牌识别技术分析

针对车辆识别过程中的车牌定位、字符识别等阶段干扰因素较多,而国内开发的自动识别系统识别率和误判率没有达到标准要求,提出采用人工神经网络对车牌定位、字符识别等关键阶段进行处理的方法。并对当前车牌识别技术的现状、技术种类及水平进行全面剖析,总结相关识别技术的核心算法。利用神经网络较好的容错能力、自适应及抗干扰能力,可以有效解决车牌信息采集干扰较大、信息不全等问题,表现出良好的应用前景。     

论破产程序中的母公司债权

由于母子公司关系的特殊性,在子公司破产程序中母公司债权应采取与普通债权不同的处理方式,包括不得行使抵销权,有担保债权和其他优先债权也应经过考查确定是否应对其加以限制等。母公司债权居次受偿的条件应当是:主观恶意、违反诚信义务的行为、由此给子公司或子公司债权人造成的损失、该行为与损失之间的因果关系。在母子公司财产混同足以引起债权人误解时,可以限制母公司的取回权。     

Social Services Provided for Physically Abused Children: A Four-Year Follow-Up Study in Sweden

This paper examines contacts that Swedish physically abused children have with the Department of Social Services (DSS) 4 years after a physical abuse incident has been reported to the police. The children’s files have been investigated in an effort to evaluate which child and parent characteristics led DSS to make interventions for the 69 children still in need of assistance, 4 years after the original abuse incident. Intervention by the DSS prior to the reported abuse incident increased the odds 18 times that a child would still receive interventions 4 years after the incident, and the presence of a mentally ill mother increased the odds 11 times.     

Social Demographics,the School Environment,and Parenting Practices Associated with Parents' Participation in Schools and Academic Success among Black,Hispanic, and White Students

This study explored social demographic factors, school environmental factors, and parenting practices that are associated with child academic success and school-based involvement among the parents of Black, Hispanic, and White students. Analysis of 12,426 parents who completed the National Household Education Surveys-Parent and Family Involvement Survey revealed that parent's participation in school is linked to better grades and is associated with supportive schools and positive parenting practices. The study also revealed that parents who were Black and Hispanic, non-native English speakers, lived in unsafe neighborhoods, and had less than a high school education were less likely to visit the school. The article suggests culturally responsive strategies for school leaders and parent advocates to engage parents in their children's education.     

Intergenerational Interactions Occurring Within a Shared Reading Program

Abstract

In the following exploratory study the interaction patterns of 4 parent readers and 4 senior readers were investigated using grounded theory methodology during an intergenerational shared book reading program involving 16, 5 and 6 year old children.¹ Data were collected during pilot, pre-program, program, and post-program conditions using open, axial and selective coding procedures leading to the identification of provisional categories and the central phenomenon of scaffolding. Scaffolding was defined as a query and response pattern initiated by the adult, and used to direct the child's focus of attention during the literacy act. This took place as part of a transactional process where the elements of (a) the book being read, (b) the child and (c) the volunteer reader were found to mutually condition each other. The qualities that the reader brought to the transaction tended to differ when comparing senior and parent readers. The main differences observed occurred in three clusters of (a) Timing, Responsiveness, and Pace, (b) Use of Expression, Colloquialisms, Articulationand (c) Gestures, Feedback Methodsand Range of Strategies. Within these categories, the pace of the senior readers was found to be slower than that of the parent aged readers. The senior readers also tended to use distinct pronunciation and did not use colloquialisms. They were also more inclined to use a wider range of supportive strategies. Both the senior readers and the parent readers were unaware of most of the strategies that they used to support the children. Further research on the question of the transactional process and the qualities brought to the shared reading experience by senior volunteer readers is required. Replication of the present study is suggested across a variety of conditions with different types volunteer readers and children.     

知识共享机制的构建与推进—知识共享在香港

知识共享是在反版权的浪潮中产生的。近年来，各司法管辖区域都在引入知识共享许可协议，香港的知识共享计划已于2008年11月开始推广。在分析了知识共享产生的历史背景的基础上，重点阐述了知识共享组织和知识共享许可协议、香港知识共享机制的构建以及知识共享在香港推进的优势和难点。     

Parenting Discrepancy and Child Development in Chinese Context

Although parent–child discrepant perception of the family has been increasingly noted in the west, pertinent research is limited in Chinese societies. In addition, prior pertinent studies predominantly treated parent–child discrepant effects as independent of the general and aggregate family context, which are in fact inseparable. Furthermore, these studies tended to either look at the positive side of child outcomes or those negative ones. The present study, based on a community sample of 223 Chinese parent–child dyads, attempted to examine effects of parent–child discrepancy in effective parenting practices on both children’s positive, i.e. self-control and other perspective taking behavior, and negative outcomes, i.e. internalizing and externalizing problems, directly or indirectly through the mediator of children’s self-concept at the aggregate effective parenting context. Results largely support harmful effects of parent–child discrepancy in effective parenting on the child outcomes directly or indirectly through children’s self-concept. Besides, aggregate effective parenting practices are found to robustly contribute to the child outcomes directly and indirectly through children’s self-concept, even taking parent–child discrepant effects into account. What’s more important, the former is significantly moderated by the latter for its effects on the child outcomes, explicating the conditional nature of parent–child discrepant effects on child development. Contributions and implications of the current study applied in Chinese culture as well as future study directions are also discussed.     

Evaluation of Support Groups for Child Abuse Prevention: Outcomes of Four State Evaluations

ABSTRACT

Parent support groups have grown in popularity as a strategy for preventing child maltreatment, but there have been few evaluations of these groups. The purpose of this paper is twofold. One goal is to identify some of the major challenges in the evaluation of parent support groups and to provide strategies for minimizing these potential difficulties. The second goal is to illustrate successful evaluations of parent support groups (i.e., the Circle of Parents® program) in four states. Three of these states used a retrospective pretest method. Outcomes indicated positive performance across all domains of functioning, as measured by a self-report questionnaire. Strengths and limitations of the evaluations are discussed, and recommendations for future evaluations are provided.     

移动通信频率资源的使用成本解析

在许可证制度下,许可证费将对移动服务和移动通信市场结构产生影响。对于我国3G许可证的发放,建议采用评选或招标的发放程序,合理评估频率资源的使用成本,这样将更有利于信息通信业的发展。     

母公司对子公司知识转移的影响因素研究

促进母公司对子公司的知识转移是企业集团保持竞争优势的关键。本文认为母公司对子公司的知识转移过程是互动的学习过程,该过程分为选择、传送、学习和反馈四个阶段,各个阶段中存在着影响知识转移的关键因素,包括转移知识的层次、母公司的知识存量、子公司的吸收能力等,因此建立有效的转移机制才能促进母子公司的互动学习。