Manufacturing bill-of-material planning

The bill-of-material BOM in the machine tool industry takes two different forms in design and manufacturing functions: Engineering BOM E BOM , which is used by the design engineer to represent designed product structure; and manufacturing BOM M BOM , which is used by MRPII system for MRP explosion. The designer constructs the E BOM after the product has been designed. Next, the E BOM is transformed into the M BOM by considering assembly sequence and constraints. Constructing a M BOM simply involves compressing the E BOM into a three-level M BOM. Planning of a M BOM still depends primarily on the experience input of a manufacturing engineer and is performed manually. This trial and error and time consuming approach creates an inconsistent method for planning the M BOM. Therefore, in this study, a three-stage M BOM planning method is developed. Stage one plans the initial M BOM, stage two improves the M BOM and stage three tunes the M BOM. Concepts and algorithms of each stage are highlighted in this study. Moreover, an illustration is presented to demonstrate the feasibility of M BOM planning.     

Path packing and a related optimization problem

Let G be a supply graph, with the node set N and edge set E, and (T,S) be a demand graph, with T?N, S∩E=?. Observe paths whose end-vertices form pairs in S (called S-paths). The following path packing problem for graphs is fundamental: what is the maximal number of S-paths in G? In this paper this problem is studied under two assumptions: (a) the node degrees in N?T are even, and (b) any three distinct pairwise intersecting maximal stable sets A,B,C of (T,S) satisfy A∩B=B∩C=A∩C (this condition was defined by A. Karzanov in Linear Algebra Appl. 114–115:293–328, 1989). For any demand graph violating (b) the problem is known to be NP-hard even under (a), and only a few cases satisfying (a) and (b) have been solved. In each of the solved cases, a solution and an optimal dual object were defined by a certain auxiliary “weak” multiflow optimization problem whose solutions supply constructive elements for S-paths and concatenate them into an S-path packing by a kind of matching. In this paper the above approach is extended to all demand graphs satisfying (a) and (b), by proving existence of a common solution of the S-path packing and its weak counterpart. The weak problem is very interesting for its own sake, and has connections with such topics as Mader’s edge-disjoint path packing theorem and b-factors in graphs.     

A Stochastic Simulation Approach to Model Selection for Stochastic Volatility Models

Stochastic volatility models have been widely appreciated in empirical finance such as option pricing, risk management, etc. Recent advances of Markov chain Monte Carlo (MCMC) techniques made it possible to fit all kinds of stochastic volatility models of increasing complexity within Bayesian framework. In this article, we propose a new Bayesian model selection procedure based on Bayes factor and a classical thermodynamic integration technique named path sampling to select an appropriate stochastic volatility model. The performance of the developed procedure is illustrated with an application to the daily pound/dollar exchange rates data set.     

浅析服务型政府建设的目标和路径选择

我国计划经济体制下形成的管制型政府,长期以来弱化和忽视了社会服务职能,造成政府大量越位、缺位、错位,必须用现代公共管理的理念改造政府,建设一个全新的服务型政府。服务型政府建设的目标和实现路径,即建设一个什么样的服务型政府,以及怎样建设服务型政府,是对传统的政府行政理念、行政体制、行政流程等的全面重塑。     

当代大学生网络行为与思想政治教育新途径探究

网络在大学生的生活中占有重要的位置,网络文化带给学生的积极影响要大于负面影响。如何培养学生网络文化信息的鉴别能力、加强网络道德和网络法制教育、繁荣校园网络文化以及提高教育者的能力等,如何利用好网络文化,使网络成为高校思想政治教育工作有力的工具等,这些都是值得我们探究。     

转变经济发展方式路径选择的理论评析与研究

在转变经济发展方式的思想认识得到统一的前提下,当前转变各种经济发展方式的方法都在不同程度上体现了经济发展的要求,但方法的有效性和可行性还值得商榷,与既定目标也存在一定差距.所以,只有树立明确的经济发展目标,坚持一定的原则才能找到转变经济发展方式的正确路径,实现经济效益与社会效益的和谐统一.     

人口老龄化影响区域经济发展的作用机理与路径研究

人口老龄化是21世纪人类社会共同面对的重大现实问题,它与区域经济发展之间有着必然的内在关联性,因为人口老龄化对区域经济发展中的生产和消费等环节均有重要影响。因此,本文从人口的生产属性和消费属性出发,以经济增长理论和国民收入决定理论为基础,分析了人口老龄化影响区域经济发展的作用机理和路径,从而为制定合理的区域经济发展政策和人口发展政策提供相应的理论基础和实践依据。     

河南省NGO现状探析

文章在对河南省NGO进行实证调查的基础上,检视了河南省NGO发展的现状,进而剖析NGO存在的功能异化,最后尝试提出NGO发展脱困的路径选择。     

Family-Like Group in a Correctional Institution

This paper examines a particular residential group within a correctional treatment institution. The examination focuses on the family-likeness of this group. The concept of family-like as it exists in the literature is described and the features of family-likeness in the group under discussion are outlined. A comparison is made to other residential groups as well as to other groups described as family-like.