政府职能转变与新社会组织发展

新社会组织作为我国社会中出现的一种全新的组织形态,在社会稳定和发展中具有重要作用.由于新社会组织所提供的服务往往要通过政府采购的渠道来实现其价值,因此,政府采购的种类和数量是影响新社会组织发展的重要因素.我国政府只有实现了由经济建设型政府向公共服务型政府的成功转型,政府采购的重点才会实现由采购有形产品为主向采购无形的服...     

State regulations and child care choice

While government regulations are designed to safeguard the health and well-being of children, they may also alter the cost and availability of child care, thus affecting parental use of such services. This paper investigates the total effects of regulation on parental choice of child care and the indirect effects of regulation through the price, quality, and availability of care. In our analysis of data from the National Child Care Survey 1990 we find strong evidence that state regulations requiring center-based providers to be trained are associated with a lower probability that parents choose a center, while state inspections are associated with more parental choice of center and home care. We end by discussing the policy implications of our findings.     

战后初期英国工党政府经济计划的制定和实施

1945年至1951年,英国工党政府大力推行经济和社会改革,在计划经济方面也作了初步尝试。针对英国的基本国情,工党政府制定的经济计划不具有强制性,而是注重发挥市场机制的作用,因此这种劝导式的计划没有取得预期的成效。     

Telecommunications infrastructure in Australia

This paper considers Australia’s approach to telecommunications infrastructure from the perspectives of the policy official and the public administration scholar. From the official’s perspective, the approach has been successful in stimulating private sector investment in many markets. This has been achieved by promoting open competition and where necessary establishing a government business enterprise as a transitional measure to build and operate a next-generation National Broadband Network (NBN) to provide high-speed fixed-line broadband to all Australian premises by 2020. From the academic perspective, however, the approach reveals the shifting balances between political objectives and market challenges. This paper consists of three main parts. The first is an introduction by a former senior public servant turned public administration scholar. The second is from a policy official and provides an overview of the Australian telecommunications market, starting with some historical context, the deregulation in the 1990s and the privatisation of the former government-owned telecommunications incumbent, Telstra. The third is from a public administration scholar and provides a short complementary critique of Australia’s communications policy. The paper discusses, from different perspectives, the policy settings that have been adopted to support infrastructure competition and investment in the Australian telecommunications market, including the development of the NBN.     

The impact of school autonomy and education marketization in the United Kingdom

The Education Reform Act 1988 in England proposed by the Conservative Party caused over 1100 public schools to “opt out” of local school authority control by becoming autonomous grant-maintained schools. Using a regression discontinuity design, this paper finds a causal effect of party control on school autonomy with British local election dataset. That is, a Labour party (not a Conservative party) win would consequently stimulate a considerable increase in local schools opting for autonomy. This could be the first empirical evidence of a remarkable cross-party consensus in education policy, which has so far been stressed only on theoretical grounds. Our findings not only improve the understanding of current government education policy but also suggest the role that government would play in future policy-making process.     

民国11年《重修绥远都统署记》考释

内蒙古呼和浩特市民间收藏的《重修绥远都统署记》（残石）,记录了绥远都统马福祥于民国11年（1922年）重修都统署的经过,为我们研究绥远将军衙署的历史提供了弥足珍贵的第一手资料。本文结合相关史料,试对残石文字进行解读。     

政府信息公开的立法环境分析——以《政府信息公开条例》的制定为例

对于立法背景的追寻有助于我们更好地理解、认识立法目的和法律条文,也有助于该立法将来辅助、配套法律法规的制定及施行。拟将对《政府信息公开条例》制定之际的立法环境进行剖析,从国家推进信息化建设、完善信息化立法、推进阳光政府、透明政府的建设等背景分析《政府信息公开条例》的立法环境,从而能更好地认识《政府信息公开条例》制定和执行中存在的问题,以期对政府信息公开进一步的立法有所裨益。     

对外文化交流中政府的角色定位与作用

中国传统文化源远流长,但是在对外交流上,文化对外交流的重要性并没有引起历代政府的重视,其对文化交流的态度不同于外国政府。改革开放以来,中国政府转变角色定位,开始重视文化的价值,并支持传统文化对外交流。政府的介入,为中国传统文化在西方文化强势的今天继续传承下去,并健康、快速的发展提供了保障。     

20世纪30年代湖北水灾成因简论

20世纪30年代湖北发生的水灾给农村经济造成严重破坏。水灾的发生既有自然原因又有社会原因,如特殊的地貌、生态环境的恶化、政府对水利事业的漠视等都是造成水灾爆发的诱因。     

政府支出与经济增长效应研究

政府支出对经济增长产生重要影响。本文对政府支出与经济增长关系重要但不确定的原因进行了深入分析,指出将政府支出中的投入要素和影响因素分开,分别研究其与经济增长的关系,实证分析验证了影响因素的作用特点,这些研究成果对指导我国新时期政策制定具有重要的现实意义。