论协调反垄断法公共实施与私人实施关系的必要性

反垄断法的实施机制分为公共实施和私人实施,私人实施具有的优越性使其成为诸多国家的共同选择。我国《反垄断法》在制度设计上注重公共实施,对私人实施的规定相当模糊,我们应该结合我国的实际情况并借鉴国外的先进经验,协调好公共实施与私人实施的关系,从而完善我国反垄断法的实施机制。     

电子病历的证据能力和证据属性

作为现代信息技术运用于医疗卫生事业的新生事物———电子病历在国内一些医院得到了初步的应用。由于现行民事诉讼相关法律没有对电子病历作为证据使用给予明确规定,使得电子病历完全取代传统病历还十分困难。而对于电子病历在证据归属上的不清晰也造成了其进入司法殿堂难以跨越的＂门槛＂。     

论票据丧失之法律救济制度的完善

我国《票据法》对票据丧失规定了挂失止付、公示催告、提起诉讼三种补救措施以供失票人选择。公示催告、提起诉讼各有其立法缺陷,我们应参照台湾相关立法,将英美法系提起诉讼中失票人通过提供担保优先实现票据权利的优点吸收入公示催告中以克服其各自局限性。     

论动态新证据观——以民事再审新证据为分析对象

民事诉讼新证据问题特别是民事再审新证据问题,是目前理论界和实务界都没有完全弄清楚的一个问题,要解决这个问题应持一种动态新证据观,并用这种观点来审视界定民事再审新证据应考量的因素和民事再审新证据的审查判断。     

Self determination theory and employed job search

Self Determination Theory (SDT) predicts that employees who use controlled motivation to search for alternate (better) work are less successful than their counterparts who use autonomous motivation. Using Australian labour market data, we find strong support for SDT. We find that workers who face externally regulated pressures (pressure arising from involuntary part-time or casual labour contracts) to search for alternate employment are less likely to find better work, than workers who use autonomous motives to search for work. Our findings suggest that labour market policies trending towards ‘labour market flexibility/deregulation’ – which provide workers with controlled motives to search for work – will contribute to workers cycling through spells of insecure employment and possibly intermittent spells of unemployment with no realistic prospect of career development.     

检察公益诉讼对公司绿色创新的影响分析——来自绿色专利申请的经验证据

推行检察公益诉讼是一场深刻的司法制度改革,其本质是借助司法权来缓解公共利益因主体缺位而可能出现的“公地悲剧”问题,对维护公共利益、抑制租值消散、优化资源配置具有深远影响。已有研究成果主要集中在检察公益诉讼理论基础、制度价值和规范建构等方面,鲜有文献对检察公益诉讼的政策效果展开实证分析。基于此,以我国检察公益诉讼试点数据为样本,将绿色专利申请作为表征公司绿色创新的核心变量,采用双重差分模型开展实证研究,能够全面检验检察公益诉讼制度创新的政策效果,揭示检察公益诉讼推动公司绿色创新的内在机理,进而为检察公益诉讼制度的全面推行提供经验证据。研究发现,检察公益诉讼显著提高了公司绿色专利申请的积极性,并且地区检察机关越透明、环境检测机构供给越充分、公司公众关注度越高,检察公益诉讼推动公司绿色专利申请的政策效果就越明显。进一步研究发现,国有持股比例、公司规模对检察公益诉讼与公司绿色创新具有正向调节效应,而高管政治关联对两者的调节效应为负。该研究结论为厘清检察公益诉讼与公司绿色创新之间关系提供了重要的经验证据,有助于进一步夯实检察公益诉讼制度创新的社会基础,并为建立健全检察公益诉讼配套制度指明了方向。     

Intentions to leave and actual turnover of community midwives in the Netherlands: A mixed method study exploring the reasons why

BackgroundIn the Netherlands, the turnover of midwives of relatively young age is high. This is concerning since a lack of midwifery experience can negatively affect the quality of maternity care.AimTo study the rate and the reasons for intending to leave, and to explore the reasons for leaving midwifery jobs in the Netherlands.MethodsWe used a mixed-methods design including a quantitative survey (N = 726) followed by qualitative interviews (N = 17) with community midwives.FindingsAlmost one third of the respondents considered leaving the profession. The decision to actually leave the job was the result of a process in which midwives first tried to adapt to their working conditions, followed by feelings of frustration and finally feelings of decreased engagement with the work. The reasons for leaving midwifery practice are an accumulation of job demands, lack of social resources and family responsibilities.DiscussionCompared to international figures, we found a lower rate of midwives who considered leaving the profession. This could be explained by the differences in the organisation of midwifery care and the relatively high job autonomy of midwives in the Netherlands. Nevertheless, changes must be made in terms of decreasing the demands of the job and creating more job resources.ConclusionInnovations in the organisational structure that focus on continuity of care for pregnant individuals, job satisfaction for midwives and building a sustainable workforce may result in an increase in the retention of midwives. These innovations would ensure that women and their babies receive the best care possible.     

检察机关的调查取证权研究——以检察机关提起的环境民事公益诉讼为视角

在检察机关提起的环境民事公益诉讼中,为了完成举证任务,检察机关需要对有关事实和证据进行调查核实,但由于检察机关诉讼地位的性质界定尚存争议,检察机关调查取证权的性质亦未形成统一意见,导致检察机关的调查取证权缺乏强制性,造成取证效率较低,影响诉讼的进程,致使保护环境公益这一目的难以实现。对此,应赋予检察机关限定强制性调查取证权,并采取相应的保障措施,促进取证顺利完成,从而推动环境民事公益诉讼的开展,最终实现保护环境公益的目的。     

推进家事纠纷解决非讼化改革之思考

当前,司法实务中长期运行的低非讼化纠纷解决途径、方式已经不能满足家事纠纷解决的特殊质效要求。家事纠纷的基本特点、家事纠纷解决之价值追求、克服“对抗—判定”诉讼模式缺陷的要求以及我国家事民族传统、革命司法传统的影响等都决定了家事纠纷解决应走非讼化之路。域外国家已经确立的家事纠纷解决理念、调解优先等程序制度及其实务运行经验,启示着我国家事纠纷解决之非讼化路径选择和方案构建;我国家事纠纷解决的现状以及减轻审判压力的需要迫切要求推进家事纠纷解决非讼化改革。鉴此,我国有必要重新确立家事纠纷非讼化的理念、原则,系统构建促进家事纠纷解决非讼化的程序制度,推进我国家事纠纷解决的非讼化进程。     

内蒙古地方本科院校应用型人才培养研究之二——应用型人才培养对策分析

本文在“内蒙古地方本科院校应用型人才培养研究之一——应用型人才培养现状调查”一文的基础上,通过理论研究从应用型人才的内涵、应用型人才培养的层次、本科应用型人才的特征、本科应用型人才的培养规格等方面进行了深入的理论阐释。对内蒙古地方本科院校应用型人才培养提出了深化理论研究,提高认识水平;完善设计方案,提高规划精度;狠抓实施过程,提高教学实效;强化保障措施,提高落实力度等对策建议。