法制社会中的警察权--以公共领域为对象的考察

大政府日趋式微意味着警察国威风不再,威权政治的合法性也无法依赖传统的方式得以构建.如果经济基础的革新与发展所导向的只能是市民社会的兴起,那么警察权必须做出适当的回应,其结果是为国家与社会的对话提供一个开放的公共领域,从物理上的公共场所,到公共舆论的形成,最终形成公共理性,警察权在自身范式转化的同时也在型塑一个合法化的公共领域.     

Ethnicity and culture: thinking about 'police ethnicity'

Research about the development of ethnic identifications within contexts of employment has been neglected, not least by proponents of 'new ethnicities'. Drawing on evidence from a two year study of Black Police Associations in the constabularies of England and Wales, this paper is concerned with the construction and sustaining of a particular notion of ethnicity, related to police employment. Black Police Association members have claimed a distinct experience of police employment related directly to their being 'black' and, therefore, an essentialism forming a boundary marking them off from white officers. 'Police ethnicity', however, is a strategic notion that is somewhat fragile and exclusive. The consequences of BPA definitions of being a black officer are explored. The paper ends with a consideration of the wider, intellectual consequences of researching ethnicity within employment.     

北京近代警察制度之区划研究

北京近代警察制度从光绪二十七年 (190 1年 )开始尝试建立 ,经过近一个世纪的发展不断走向成熟。专业的警察机关逐步设立 ,城市警政架构不断完善。这一过程是北京城市现代化的重要组成部分。而北京警察制度现代化的另一个重要表现和作用就是引入了城市分“区”的概念。伴随着北京警察制度的发展变迁 ,“区”从最初的警务区划最终发展成为现代城市独立的行政单位。而地理空间的诸多因素在城市分区的过程中起了重要作用     

Productivity Growth in the Lisbon Police Force

This paper estimates total productivity change with regard to the Lisbon Police Force and decomposes it into technically efficient change and technological change with data envelopment analysis (DEA). The benchmarking procedure implemented is an internal benchmarking, in which police precincts are compared against each other. The aim of this procedure is to seek out those best practices that will lead to improved performance throughout the whole force. We rank the precincts according to their total productivity change for the period 2000–2001, concluding that some precincts experienced productivity growth while a small number experienced productivity decrease. Economic implications arising from the study are considered.     

Burnout, job stress and violent behaviour among Dutch police officers

Much has been published on burnout in the human services. However, despite the extensive literature on job stress in policing, burnout in police officers has rarely been studied. The present study examined stressors in police work, focusing specifically on the lack of reciprocity that officers experience in relations with civilians, colleagues and the police service. It also investigated the relationship between burnout and the attitudes of officers towards violence, as well as to their own use of violence. Dutch police officers (N = 358) completed a self-report questionnaire. The results showed that: (1) organizational stressors were more prevalent than task-related stressors; (2) compared to other service jobs, police officers report a particular profile on the three scales of the Maslach Burnout Inventory (MBI)?a relatively low level of emotional exhaustion,an average level of depersonalization, and a high level of personal accomplishment; (3) burnout is associated with a lack of reciprocity between investments and outcomes in the relations that officers have with citizens, colleagues and their organization; and (4) burnout is positively related to attitudes towards use of violence and the use of violence during the officers' duty.     

Reflexive sensegiving: An open-ended process of influencing the sensemaking of others during organizational change

In this paper, we contribute to the understanding of how managers engage in efforts to influence the sensemaking of others without prescribing a specific redefinition of organizational reality, and doing this while trying to empower their subordinates. Through observations of leadership conferences and interviews, we followed an attempt to establish a new management philosophy in the Swedish police. The aim of the initiative was to facilitate the development of independent co-workers with little or no hierarchical support. The results show how managers utilize reflexivity in sensegiving to facilitate participants’ sensemaking. We suggest the following definition for reflexive sensegiving: a multivocal process aiming to influence how the sensemaking and construction of meaning evolves. Reflexive sensegiving has four distinctive features: open-endedness, low control over cues given, several sources of cues, and the encouragement of complexity and ambiguity. Our contribution, which has conceptual and theoretical consequences, is centred around new outlooks on the content, agent(s), and process of sensegiving.     

北洋政府时期北京的贫民救助——以京师警察厅的衣食施救为例

京师警察厅是北洋政府时期北京城的官方治安管理机构,但其除了基本的治安警务工作以外,还广泛参与慈善救助工作。与传统的帝王时代不同,中华民国成立后,北京城的慈善救助活动几乎全部由政府接管,其中,大部分的慈善救助机构由京师警察厅负责。京师警察厅作为北京城最重要的官方救助机构,负责在寒冬给贫困民众发放棉衣、热粥,帮助其满足基本的生存需要,在贫民救助过程中发挥了重要的作用。     

"小题大做"的1933年北平市公安局长易人风波

1933年9月北平市公安局长易人,原属北平市正常的人事变动,却意外地引起华北政局的重大波澜,最终由蒋介石裁夺,风波才得以平息。风波实质是华北政坛各派系矛盾斗争的反映,这种内部斗争既加剧了华北危局,客观上也成为日本侵略华北可资利用的因素。     

Personal Security and the 'Right' to Protection

Welfare organizations and social services deal with issues of personal security. They are involved in risk assessment and in the protection of individuals and families. However, their mission in this domain is not defined, and its boundaries are not set. The article discusses the right to personal security. The duty of the state to guarantee this right is stated by international declarations and conventions that were ratified by the United Kingdom, as well as the European Convention on Human Rights that was adopted into domestic English law. In the application of the right to personal security, and the state's duty to secure this right, two independent processes are taking place. First, in the United Kingdom, the English courts are reluctant to recognize an affirmative right to personal security and to impose on state and public agencies a duty to secure this right. Second, as in many other service areas, this duty is rendered to the community. It is vital for the social services to discuss this duty, especially when they are called to vouch for the personal security of individuals and families in the community.     

Heart rate and blood pressure in male police officers and clerical workers on workdays and non-workdays

Abstract

Male police officers from a city police station in Tasmania (n = 20) and a matched group of clerical workers (n = 20) monitored their heart rate, blood pressure and self-reported levels of stress and arousal over a two-week period. Measurements on workdays during which stressful events occurred were compared to non-event workdays and non-workdays. Two group differences were demonstrated, with the clerical workers reporting higher levels of stress, and the police officers reporting higher levels of arousal. Support was evident for the distinction between workdays and non-workdays, and support was demonstrated for differences between different types of workdays. Evidence suggested that restricting the time frame of such research may lead to results that are inaccurate or inconsistent because workdays differ in content.