How publics’ active and passive communicative behaviors affect their tornado responses: An integration of STOPS and SMCC

During imminent threat crises, such as natural disasters, publics have minutes to decide how to respond after receiving a warning. This study advances understanding of publics’ crisis communicative and noncommunicative behaviors in the context of tornadoes through combining and extending two theories: the social-mediated crisis communication (SMCC) model and the situational theory of problem solving (STOPS). Findings from a survey of Southeast U.S. residents (n = 1,585) indicate that STOPS is internally consistent and accurate at measuring its intended outcomes of communicative action in problem solving. However, the STOPS measures do not have a significant relationship with the desirable outcome for imminent threat crisis communication: individuals following government’s protective action guidance about tornadoes. In comparison, the expanded SMCC model predicts individuals’ self-reported compliance. Finally, variables from the SMCC model and tornado-specific variables were integrated into the STOPS model to explain individuals’ communicative engagement. Implications for theory and public relations practice are discussed.     

Online crisis communication in a post-truth Chinese society: Evidence from interdisciplinary literature

Through a thematic content analysis of 118 journal articles from interdisciplinary fields, this study reviews the research trends of online crisis communication literature in a Chinese post-truth society, where objective facts play a diminishing role, and Chinese people are losing their trust, despite the best efforts of organizations to deal with fake news in crises. Results of this study disclose some unique crisis communication strategies (e.g., strategic distraction, rumor-rebuttal, fabrication, acting cute, and content censorship) in crises of China. Influential contextual factors such as the political system, cultural values, and media features are identified as well. Theoretical and practical implications of this study are discussed, and a greater picture of online crisis communication in contexts is posited for future research.     

#BlackLivesMatter: Innovative Black Resistance

Since 2013, extrajudicial police killings of black people have captured the attention of U.S. and international media, substantially because of the work of leaders in the Black Lives Matter (#BLM) movement. #BLM is simultaneously a group of localized organizations and a broad online social movement. In this article, we examine the #BLM movement in detail, with particular emphasis on the following aspects of the movement: (1) its innovative organizational practices and social media use; (2) its accent on black perspectives (counterframing) of systemic racial oppression, heteronormativity, and capitalism; and (3) its broad emphasis on oppressed Americans, including black women and LGBTQ people. We also situate the #BLM movement within the surrounding system of racial oppression, including the historical role of racialized policing in maintaining social control of blacks. We detail the long tradition of black social movements, especially black feminist organizing, against systemic racial oppression. In doing so, we intend to contribute social movement theorizing that more fully considers powerful counterframed perspectives of black activists in U.S. social movements. Although the #BLM movement reflects black feminism and past civil rights movement struggles, it is a uniquely twenty‐first‐century social movement that uses new technologies for innovative social protest.     

“We wouldn’t say it to their faces”: online harassment,women sports journalists,and feminism

In April 2016, a US-based independent sport media organization Just Not Sports launched #MoreThanMean, a digital media campaign to raise awareness about online harassment of women in sports journalism. The video quickly reached 3.7 million views and generated widespread coverage in mainstream news media, sports media, and online-only outlets. Using the #MoreThanMean campaign as a case study, this study assesses how discourses circulate in the sports media environment and, in particular, how feminist messages travel as the content moves from social media to mass media. This study engages with post-feminism in order to examine how various producers of media content position online harassment and sexism in sport and society. While the campaign positioned online harassment as gendered workplace discrimination, the mainstream and sports media coverage typically centralized men in the discussion. Feminist perspectives were constrained to platforms with a progressive, women-centered, and/or explicitly feminist take. Implications for digital feminist activism in the context of sport are discussed.     

Male dominance and sexism on YouTube: results of three content analyses

This study conceptually and empirically extends a study by Wotanis and McMillan in which the authors claimed that female video producers are underrepresented on YouTube and receive much more negative (including hostile and sexist) feedback than male YouTubers. Using quantitative content analysis, this study supported the claim of female underrepresentation. Among the top 100 most subscribed YouTube channels in nine different countries (N = 900 channels), with a statistically significant proportion of only 25%, female video producers were strongly underrepresented. Additionally, a second content analysis of N = 2,400 video comments directly replicated the original study’s main quantitative results. This analysis confirmed that the popular female US comedy YouTuber Jenna Mourey (“JennaMarbles”) received much more negative (including hostile and sexist) feedback than her male counterpart Ryan Higa (“nigahiga”). However, a third content analysis of N = 6,000 video comments from five other pairs of comparable comedy YouTubers did not reveal that women’s videos generally attract a larger number of negative video comments. Possibly, women attract more negative comments only if they display their sexuality (like Jenna Mourey) or address feminist topics, but not if they conform to gender role expectations. Future research directions and practical implications are discussed.     

Using Cultivation Theory to Understand American College Students’ Perceptions of Arabs in the Media

Research has shown that Arab portrayals on television have an effect on viewers’ beliefs about Arabs in general. Based on questionnaire responses from 429 undergraduate students, this study sought to examine perceptions of Arabs on television. Results revealed that college students have predominantly antagonistic views about Arabs in general and on television. These findings suggest that television can affect the way college students view reality regarding Arabs and how these perceptions can perpetuate negative stereotypes.     

媒介经济解读:概念和运作的分析框架

20世纪90年代以来,西方媒介以扩大经营规模、分散经营风险为动因,以资本控制为纽带、收购兼并为特征,通过横向和纵向扩张增强实力.超级集团的出现使集团化成为媒介经济学研究的焦点.我国媒介组织的政策取向、运作路径和效能评价体系与西方有所不同.中国媒介组织在集团经营进程中面临着资源有效整合、业务成长战略、组织架构模式以及在WTO环境下国际间竞争与合作等诸多问题的挑战与抉择.     

大众传媒与社会主义核心价值体系传播问题探析

大众传媒具有思想政治教育、社会协调、价值规范的功能,是当前社会主义核心价值体系传播的重要途径。大众传媒的内在规定性及传播规律和传播形势的必然要求促使我们应充分发挥大众传媒在社会主义核心价值体系传播过程中的作用。但在大众文化和市场经济的影响下,大众传媒在信息传播过程中不可避免地走进入一些误区,给社会主义核心价值体系传播带来了消极影响。因此,我们要加强引导,对大众传媒进行科学定位与分类,搭建新的传播平台,使其成为弘扬社会主义主旋律的强大阵地,成为凝聚全民族力量的具有强大号召力的重要平台。     

中国手机媒体发展前景分析

分析了日本I-MODE取得巨大成功的原因和不足之处,指出无论是从技术上还是从企业模式上,手机媒体在中国的发展都不可能直接拷贝I-MODE模式,只能以I-MODE为借鉴。中国电信发展迅速,手机媒体在中国现阶段发展的重点是手机短信,手机短信市场巨大,但在发展中也存在着一些问题,主要有虚假与不良信息传播、侵犯个人隐私、信息垃圾、信息安全等。然而可以预见,随着3G在中国的逐渐普及以及相关法规的完善,手机媒体将实现网络化、宽带化,将带来一个巨大的媒体市场。     

第四媒体的崛起与传统媒体的对策

在传播领域 ,因特网继报纸、广播和电视之后 ,作为第四媒体正异军突起 ,对传统媒体造成巨大冲击。同传统媒体相比 ,因特网具有多媒体、个性化、双向交互、实时传送、极大丰富、全球传播等特点 ,这正是它优于传统媒体的品质。传统媒体面对因特网的挑战 ,必须顺应形势 ,改革创新 ,扬长避短 ,争取自己在网络时代的生存和发展。传统媒体的改革创新 ,关键是调整心态 ,把自己由信息发布者变为信息提供者 ,真正确立为受众服务的观念 ;核心是运用现代技术 ,革新传播方式 ,积极拓展新闻报道的深度和广度 ,不断提高新闻产品生产的效率。