能力建设与关系建构:社会工作的基本目标

社会工作是什么的问题已成为社会工作界的百年历史难题与学科基本问题,该问题可以通过社会工作的目标进行解答.具体而言,社会工作的基本目标在于服务对象的能力建设和社会关系建构.能力建设是指通过充分挖掘受助者的潜力与能动性,使其获得独立面对生活困境的各项能力,实现受助者“自助”;关系建构则是通过扮演“资源链接者”的角色,帮助受助者建构足够的关系资源来助其渡过生活难关,实现受助者“他助”.能力建设与关系建构相互依赖、不可分割,受助者的能力是其社会关系运作的基础,而社会关系则是能力得以发挥的手段.只有兼顾二者,社会工作“助人自助”的总目标才能得以实现.     

鲁迅人学思想在教育视阈中的当代阐释

鲁迅“立人”思想的提出基于20世纪中国处转型时期的非常时刻,其目的在于通过国民个体素质的改造实现民族文化新质的形成。鲁迅人学思想辩证地论述了个体与群体、科学与人文的关系,新颁布的《国家语文课程标准》的基本理念形成了与鲁迅人学思想的世纪对话。重温鲁迅的人学思想对语文学科的建设和民族现代化进程的推进有着重要意义。     

公诉案件被害人诉讼地位重新定位的必要性分析

在不同的历史时期、不同的社会形态以及不同的国度里,公诉案件被害人的诉讼地位差异很大,然而被害人在刑事诉讼中的当事人地位,已成为国际刑事诉讼发达程度的标志之一.所以,确立公诉案件被害人当事人的诉讼地位已是国际刑事法学界的共识.本文从比较分析的角度,阐述了公诉案件被害人诉讼地位在不同历史时期的变迁,公诉案件被害人诉讼地位的国度差异,着重分析了我国对公诉案件被害人诉讼地位重新定位的必要性.     

左江土白话声调变异成因探析

本文着重通过四个方面的讨论,指出语言地位的变化、语言间的接触及其趋同、语言的内部机制等内外因素的先后与共同作用是左江土白话声调变异的主要成因,并认为广西城镇的粤语将可能程度不同地发生这样的演变。     

面向新农民信息需求的图书馆建设

江泽民先进文化思想深刻揭示了社会主义文化发展的重大意义,让人民群众共享文化发展的成果,是社会主义文化建设的根本目的。农村基层图书馆近年来有了长足的发展,但仍存在不少问题,对新农民信息需求的知识援助尤显薄弱。文章探讨图书馆在新农村文化建设中的作用,体现和谐社会信息正义的道德风尚。     

Building Virtual Age-Friendly Communities in Minecraft

A key theme of Age-Friendly Honolulu’s initiative is intergenerational exchange. The initiative believes that youth need to be aware of aging issues, demographic change, and think critically about the potential impact on their lives. The goal of the Age-Friendly Honolulu Youth Engagement Initiative is to teach youth about the role of the built environment and community features in promoting active aging and engagement among older adults. This article describes a new program in the field that teaches youth and older adults to assess the built environment and then use design thinking and Minecraft (a popular video game in which players use 3-D blocks to create virtual lands) to develop and envision ideas to improve the livability of their neighborhood.     

An evaluation of stakeholder capacity in the implementation of millenium village primary school meal project

The paper focused on evaluation of stakeholder capacity to implement the millennium village primary school meal project in Kenya. The study which was anchored on the stakeholder theory as well as the Context Input Process Product (CIPP) model of evaluation used mixed methods research design with ex-post facto and case study as its two research elements. The mixed methods was adopted because when both qualitative and quantitative approaches are used in a single study, the strengths of both produce a research synergy in which the collective benefits are greater than what is obtained from either approach when used alone. A sample size of 186 participants was selected from seven (7) primary schools using stratified random sampling. The participants selected purposively included pupils, teachers, head teachers, parents, Area Education Officer (AEO) and project staff. Data was collected using questionnaires, face to face interview guide, Focus Group Discussion (FGD) and document analysis guide. The study findings indicated that the project was implemented with great success as indicated by stakeholders’ capacity to understand project objectives, their involvement in project planning and implementation and their positive attitude towards the project. This has contribute to poverty reduction in the community through the project and sustainable approaches for project implementation.     

美丽乡村建设中图书馆总分馆发展策略探析

在河北省委十八届十二次全会上提出了建设经济强省、美丽河北的号召。美丽乡村建设是其中的重要环节。在乡村文化建设中,图书馆能够起到助力当地公共文化服务的完善、消除城乡数字鸿沟、保存地域文化遗产的作用。而目前河北省总分馆的发展及各类乡村阅服务机构的兴起为乡村图书馆纳入总分馆体系奠定了基础。因此可以从坚持政府主导、吸引民间公益力量、建立紧密型总分馆、选择合适的总馆、提高管理人员素质五个方面努力。     

Evaluating the engagement of universities in capacity building for sustainable development in local communities

Universities have the potential to play a leading role in enabling communities to develop more sustainable ways of living and working however, sustainable communities may only emerge with facilitation, community learning and continual efforts to build their capacities. Elements of programme planning and evaluation on the one hand, and capacity building on the other, are needed. The latter entails approaches and processes that may contribute to community empowerment; universities may either lead such approaches, or be key partners in an endeavour to empower communities to address the challenges posed by the need for sustainable development. Although capacity building and the promotion of sustainable development locally, are on the agenda for universities who take seriously regional engagement, very little is published that illustrates or describes the various forms of activities that take place. Further, there is a paucity of studies that have evaluated the work performed by universities in building capacity for sustainable development at the local level. This paper is an attempt to address this need, and entails an empirical study based on a sample of universities in the United Kingdom, Germany, Portugal and Brazil. The paper examines the extent to which capacity building for sustainable development is being undertaken, suggests the forms that this might take and evaluates some of the benefits for local communities. The paper concludes by reinforcing that universities have a critical role to play in community development; that role has to prioritise the sustainability agenda.     

新形势下加强高校教师队伍建设的对策

文章在分析当前我国高校教师队伍建设面临的形势和挑战的基础上,对进一步加强高校教师队伍建设、提高教师队伍素质提出了以下对策:优化教师队伍结构,建立充满生机与活力的用人机制,拓宽教师的来源渠道,构建现代教师继续教育体系,加强师德建设和学术规范建设以及推进高校的对外合作与交流.