官僚制的潮汐与我国行政组织体制的理性构建

70年代以后 ,西方各国先后进入后工业社会 ,与其相应的官僚制陷入了困境。于是 ,西方各国掀起了旨在否定官僚制的行政改革浪潮。而处于国际大背景中的我国必将受此浪潮的影响 ,但我国的处境又极为特殊。本文从我国的特殊国情入手 ,透析我国现阶段经济基础、组织及其文化的劣根性 ,从而判定我国尚处于官僚制不足阶段 ,必须强化官僚制的优点 ,弱化其缺点 ,并借鉴别国成功经验 ,对我国行政体制进行理性构建 ,建立有中国特色的行政组织体制     

物业管理体制探讨

物业管理体制是物业管理产业发展的核心问题。目前我国的物业管理体制比较混乱 ,物业管理机制职责不清 ,业主委员会作用未得到发挥 ,物业管理公司的独立性差、依赖性强。物业管理体制存在问题的原因是多方面的 ,解决的对策是加快物业管理的法制建设 ,建立以业主为中心的物业管理体制 ,把物业管理推向市场     

托马斯·阿奎那论宗教与政治

作为神学家和西方教会的代言人,阿奎那深入讨论了宗教与政治的关系问题,包括如何协调教权与王权的关系、如何对待异教徒、如何对待叛教者等。针对不同情况,他的政策也不相同,但其目的只有一个:在保持基督教国家内部稳定的前提下,打击异教力量和异端分子,维护和加强教会的势力。     

Evaluation: Stakeholder-focused Criteria

Identifying and selecting suitable criteria is an important consideration in evaluating the performance of public sector organizations. Which criteria are chosen, and how they are weighted, will depend largely on the perspective being taken; different stakeholders (for example, clients, providers or commissioners) are likely to emphasize different criteria. In this paper a number of criteria are identified and an argument is developed to indicate which criteria are likely to be valued by various stakeholders. Furthermore, a number of approaches and mechanisms for evaluation are identified and the links between these, the criteria appropriate to them and the various stakeholders are made explicit. Finally, the issue of politics and the distribution of power between the stakeholders is addressed with a call for greater explicitness in using and balancing criteria (for example, as between professionals and the intended beneficiaries of services). In this way, while recognizing the inherent political nature of performance evaluation, the planning and implementation of services may be improved by a more mutually informed approach to evaluation.     

晋察冀边区的“三三制”村政权建设

村政权是抗日民主政权的基石。晋察冀边区经1938-1940年村政建设,广大乡村实现了由村长制到村民委员会制的过渡,大批抗日人士走上了村长的岗位。为推进全民族抗战和边区民主建政进程,1941年之后的晋察冀边区村选贯彻了"三三制"思想,在更加扩大的民主范围和统一战线的基础上进行村政建设。村级抗日民主政权的"三三制"建设,表明中国共产党人政权观日渐成熟。它适应了全民族总动员的抗日斗争的客观需要,适应中国社会阶级构成"两头小中间大"的国情,使各抗日阶级、阶层、党派代表进入基层抗日民主政权的领导,行使议政从政的权利,促进了乡村社会治理,从而极大地激发了乡村民众的抗日救国积极性,为夺取抗日战争的胜利发挥了十分重要的作用,为解放区和新中国成立后村政建设积累了经验,树立起了"模型"。     

FoxPro2.5开发计划生育管理信息系统

本文分析了微机ＤＢＭＳ———ＦｏｘＰｒｏ２．５的特点及其在开发应用系统的优势和不足,介绍了独立实现的计划生育管理信息系统,还就应用系统的实现方式,对比了事件驱动方式与传统的菜单驱动方式     

Minimum power assignment in wireless ad hoc networks with spanner property

Power assignment for wireless ad hoc networks is to assign a power for each wireless node such that the induced communication graph has some required properties. Recently research efforts have focused on finding the minimum power assignment to guarantee the connectivity or fault-tolerance of the network. In this paper, we study a new problem of finding the power assignment such that the induced communication graph is a spanner for the original communication graph when all nodes have the maximum power. Here, a spanner means that the length of the shortest path in the induced communication graph is at most a constant times of the length of the shortest path in the original communication graph. Polynomial time algorithm is given to minimize the maximum assigned power with spanner property. The algorithm also works for any other property that can be tested in polynomial time and is monotone. We then give a polynomial time approximation method to minimize the total transmission radius of all nodes. Finally, we propose two heuristics and conduct extensive simulations to study their performance when we aim to minimize the total assigned power of all nodes. The author is partially supported by NSF CCR-0311174.     

电子技能教学中引入CBE模式的思考

CBE是以职业综合能力为基础的教育体系,它以达到某一种职业的从业能力为教学目标。CBE教学模式在高职院校“电子技能实训”中应用,可以构建电子技能实训新的教学体系,拓宽实训途径,培养学生自主学习能力．从而提高职业综合能力。     

《汉语拼音方案》在对外汉语教学中的缺憾及辨正

在对外汉语教学中,许多留学生的汉语口语伴有不少因《方案》的设计不周所带来的语音错误。这种现象不单是初学者有,连学习多年,交流无障碍的“汉语通”也都普遍存在。目前,汉语越来越受到国际社会的重视。希望《方案》中的这些问题能得到大家的重视,进而加以修订,以便把对外汉语教学工作做得更好。     

"东方的哈佛"——圣约翰大学简论

圣约翰大学是美国圣公会在上海创办的一所大学,曾经寄托着万千学子的憧憬和梦想,享有"东方的哈佛"之美誉,无论在上海城市史上还是中国近代教育史上都占有突出的地位.本文简要论述了圣约翰73年曲折的办学历程,归纳分析了圣约翰大学的特色和传统,最后将圣约翰大学成功的奥秘归结为四个一,即一个睿智的校长,一群出色的教师,一套严密的管理体制和一座现代化的大都市.