Race and the NFL Draft: Views from the Auction Block

Previous research suggests that minorities are more likely to perceive racially-based discrimination in a variety of settings than are whites, in large part because of the ways their personal experiences with racism shape the lens they use to view the world. We examine a labor market that is typically considered an exception to patterns of racism in employment, the industry of professional football. We interview athletes who attempted to gain employment in the National Football League, a labor market where access to valued positions is heavily restricted by industry practices. Findings from field research and semi-structured interviews indicate that minority workers experience symbolic discrimination during the hiring process. Differential treatment of players reflects stereotypes about minority families and masculinity. Although minority and white players describe much of the actual content of their labor market experiences in similar fashion, their perceptions of these experiences differ sharply, with minority athletes identifying far more negative repercussions.

The independent’s edge in an illegal drug distribution setting: Levitt and Venkatesh revisited

Popular imagery and scholarly research have differed significantly in their perceptions and understanding of the structure and scope of organized crime and gang settings. While the common image is that of the corporate-like or formal criminal organization, past research has been more likely to argue and demonstrate in favour of market and network flexibility. In this study, we pursue this latter line of inquiry by demonstrating the market and network features that shape illegal drug distribution settings. In doing so, we rely on the Quebec Hells Angels accounting books for a one-year period, which brings us within the same empirical domain as Levitt and Venkatesh’s (2000) study of the Black Knights in 1990s Chicago. Our study sways from the main premise that oriented the Black Knight’s case study—namely that performance within the illegal drug distribution structure was directly tied to that organization’s rigid hierarchical structure. While the Hells Angels can be analyzed as a corporation, this does not mean that Hells Angels members are, by definition, at an advantage because of their organizational status in the illegal drug distribution setting in which some members are active. What our findings indicate is that a participant’s ability to adapt to market dynamics and take on a core network position within an illegal drug market (cocaine, in this study) matter most. Overall, we demonstrate that: 1) Quebec’s cocaine market was structured primarily around traditional market forces; 2) the transaction network around the Hells Angels was not centralized around a single person or small group of people; 3) Hells Angels members were not the most active participants; and 4) being a Hells Angels member did not increase one’s volume of transactions within the network—quite differently, core network positioning did.     

Social unrest and the Highway Beautification Act of 1965

The recent series of very senseless shootings of both African American males and police officers are chilling visual demonstrations of the current degree of racial tension and social unrest in the United States. Stricter gun control laws are critically important but only part of the issue. Basic human and civil rights are at the heart of the issue. We must move toward a society in which individuals from varied backgrounds are valued, respected, and included. We must all accept the fact that we are all human beings and very much alike. This will require a national effort very similar to the Highway Beautification Act of 1965. We must adopt and implement policies that will specifically address multiple issues (discrimination, racism, marginalization, exclusion, implicit bias, and the lack of economic mobility) serving as drivers of our current social state. A key component should be increased investment in the educational system (starting in primary school) resulting in an increased college graduation rate and the development of curricula on race and racism and supporting cultural sensitivity and implicit bias training from kindergarten through professional schools.     

Exploring Perceived Discrimination Among LGBT Individuals in Turkey in Education,Employment, and Health Care: Results of an Online Survey

This article explores the discrimination practices encountered by lesbian, gay, bisexual, and transgender (LGBT) individuals in education, income, employment, and health care in Turkey. Limited quantitative data on LGBT individuals are available in Turkey. This study collected data from 2,875 LGBT individuals through a Web-based survey. The findings suggest that LGBT individuals report perceived direct and indirect discrimination in accessing education, employment, and health care. In a country where LGBT rights are not yet recognized and antidiscrimination legislation covering sexual orientation and gender identity is still nonexistent, findings demonstrate perceived discrimination of LGBTs rarely turns into a legal complaint. Even when they do, most LGBTs in our sample report that they did not feel that the justice system addressed their grievances.     

原油价格波动对我国物价的影响

 当今社会,国际原油对我国的经济社会发展起到重大影响,所以研究国际原油价格波动对我国CPI的影响具有重要意义。本文以国际原油价格对我国PPI和CPI的影响为研究重点,首先分析测算国际原油价格对国内原油价格的传导情况;然后利用2007年135部门投入产出局部闭模型下的价格模拟,测算国内原油价格波动对我国PPI和CPI造成的影响;最后综合以上两步,得到国际原油价格对我国CPI的影响情况。结果表明：国际原油价格上涨1%将引起国内PPI上涨0.176%,国内CPI上涨0.124%。随着我国对外依存度和对原油需求的增大,国际原油价格波动的影响也将越来越大。最后进行分析并给出政策建议。     

结构变化下人民币汇率对物价传递的效应、动态运行及宏观决定

在充分考虑结构变化现象的情况下,本文首先利用结构变化协整分析了我国1994年1月至2008年12月间人民币汇率变动对物价水平的传递,而后运用递归估计的方法进一步考察了汇率传递的动态运行,最后采用边限协整研究了包括汇率制度在内的人民币汇率传递的宏观决定。实证结果表明：人民币汇率对物价水平的传递在1998年8月发生了结构变化。在此之前,传递程度较高且显著;结构变化之后,传递程度急速下降。从物价传递的动态运行来看,在1998年8月以前,基本呈上升趋势,之后则不断下降,并有进一步下降之趋势。宏观决定因素分析表明,长期内,通货膨胀率、贸易开放度、汇率制度及亚洲金融危机对物价传递具有显著正影响,而汇率波动的作用显著为负;短期上,人民币汇率传递具有一定的惯性,只有贸易开放度具有明显正影响。     

一价定律存在的解析

一价定律的存在有三个前提。一价定律存在着局限性 ,其在汇率研究中具有重要意义。一价定律与购买力平价理论紧密相关。     

论价格同盟对消费者剩余的影响

消费者在社会经济生活中的地位是由现代社会分工体系引发并决定的。消费者权益是现代市场经济体制的内在要求和必然产物。在我国社会主义市场经济条件下，消费者剩余对于经济增长的影响愈渐显得重要，深入研究价格同盟对消费者剩余的影响，不仅具有理论意义，而且具有实践意义和政策意义。我们应该运用市场经济理论中的消费者剩余理论来分析价格同盟的危害，并采取相应措施，解决价格同盟问题，保护消费者权益。     

基于特许开发权两段式竞价的中国限价房“两价”经济规制分析

"国六条"中提出旨在缓解住宅供给结构矛盾、解决中低收入住房问题的"两竞两限"中国限价房,标志着政府开始对住宅市场微观层面的供给进行直接经济规制,以打破开发商对市场供给垄断而导致的供给结构失衡、房价畸高的困局。然而,限价房"两竞"中房与地竞价的反向政府经济规制,以及质量、价格、面积等经济规制的多维竞争目标维度,导致"两竞"结合体的复杂性。为此,有必要分析特许开发权竞价机理,提出基于特许开发权的两段式竞价限价房"两价"等多维组合经济规制模式及其运作程式;分析各竞争维度的政府经济规制及其优劣势,提出限价房经济规制对策。     

浅议价格审计在企业管理中的作用及实施

我国的内部审计正面临从过去的合规性监督向管理性监督转换。价格审计通过对企事业单位物资购销价格、投资成本和工程造价等进行审计 ,强化企业的内部监督管理、有效控制企业的经营成本 ,是我国企业现阶段实现内部审计管理职能、提高企业管理水平和增进经济效益的有效手段