“名学”与“语言符号”观

文献表明,对于索绪尔及其语言理论的研究,或侧重于对其语言符号系统理论理的解读,或侧重于其语言思想的哲学渊源,将其与其它理论进行对比的研究并不多见。从对比索绪尔的"语言符号系统"理论与中国先秦时代的"名学"入手,进一步研究了语言符号的任意性与理据性。     

注册会计师鉴证业务与管理咨询服务均衡分析

会计师事务所所提供的产品包括鉴证业务和管理咨询服务。鉴证业务和管理咨询服务存在均衡关系。这种均衡关系包括所有者与经营者目标冲突的均衡和两种业务关系与鉴证独立性均衡两种子均衡以及会计师事务所的财务目标和发展战略、国家监管政策的约束和鉴证独立性的两个方面的特征等约束条件所构成的集合体。实现这种均衡关系需要注重管理咨询服务的市场性、规范为鉴证业务客户提供管理咨询服务行为、规范鉴证业务需求者行为等。     

基于句法信息的书读前后非分句语言片段识别

基于句法信息的书读前后非分句语言识别和标注是现代汉语复句语料库建设工作的一部分。首先对文章的题目进行了阐释,接着论述了句法知识在中文信息处理中的作用,然后基于有关的句法信息制定了五条可程序化后供计算机执行的规则,最后给出了实验结果及分析。     

农村公共文化服务创新机制研究

如何推进和完善农村公共文化服务建设,这是当前农村建设中的一个重要课题。本文主要从创新机制角度探讨农村公共文化服务建设,并提出一些建议,以推进和完善农村的公共文化服务体系。     

突发公共事件中非政府组织媒介角色研究

基于政府组织和传统媒体权威信息发布的空窗期的背景,首先提出了非政府组织在应对突发公共事件中流言的媒介角色的新概念;接着进一步以非政府组织媒介角色和危机传播理论为基础,提出了突发公共事件针对流言传播的信息系统应对机制;最后对2010年山西地震突发事件进行了案例分析。     

辽宁省基本公共服务发展评价

在量化区域基本公共服务均等化发展水平之前,首先应对该区域的基本公共服务发展状况有总体的把握。本文用因子分析方法对辽宁省基本公共服务发展现状进行了评价,发现辽宁省的基本公共服务事业发展良好,处于全国领先水平,尤其是在人民的社会保障和医疗方面取得了较好的成果,但在环境保护方面投入较少,工业污染治理效果较差。     

自主学习导向的社会工作教学活动设计——以《小组工作》课程为例

在我国十多年的社会工作教学改革研究与实践中,以行为主义为基础的传统教学观受到越来越多的质疑和摒弃,而以建构主义为基础的新型教学观则给予越来越多的推崇和运用。本文在论证建构主义教学观与社会工作价值观内在一致性的基础上,以建构主义为指引,自主学习为导向,倡导社会工作教学模式的改革,并以《小组工作》为例进行自主学习导向的教学活动设计和与之配套的制度建设。     

FEMA and the Witt Revolution: Testing the Hypothesis of “Bureaucratic Autonomy”

In the wake of widespread criticism for its poor performance in Hurricane Andrew in 1992, FEMA became a more effective organization under the leadership of James Witt (1993–2001). One answer to the question of how and why FEMA improved so rapidly and significantly during this period is Carpenter’s (2001) theory of “bureaucratic autonomy.” This paper defines the minimum conditions Carpenter considers necessary for the term, evaluates their applicability to FEMA during this period, and briefly examines alternative explanations for FEMA’s organizational transformation. It concludes that the innovation and entrepreneurship FEMA demonstrated during this period do indeed meet the criteria for “bureaucratic autonomy.”

The Promise of Prediction Contests

This article examines the prediction contest as a vehicle for aggregating the opinions of a crowd of experts. After proposing a general definition distinguishing prediction contests from other mechanisms for harnessing the wisdom of crowds, we focus on point-forecasting contests—contests in which forecasters submit point forecasts with a prize going to the entry closest to the quantity of interest. We first illustrate the incentive for forecasters to submit reports that exaggerate in the direction of their private information. Whereas this exaggeration raises a forecaster's mean squared error, it increases his or her chances of winning the contest. And in contrast to conventional wisdom, this nontruthful reporting usually improves the accuracy of the resulting crowd forecast. The source of this improvement is that exaggeration shifts weight away from public information (information known to all forecasters) and by so doing helps alleviate public knowledge bias. In the context of a simple theoretical model of overlapping information and forecaster behaviors, we present closed-form expressions for the mean squared error of the crowd forecasts which will help identify the situations in which point forecasting contests will be most useful.     

The Path of the Minimum l p -Norm Estimator for p Between 1 and Infinity

The minimum l^p-norm estimator is the point that minimizes the sum of the distance from each data point in the l^p-norm. The path of this location estimate for an l^p-norm is found as p goes from 1 to infinity. This path indicates how critical the selection of an exponent is. An alternative proof of Descartes's rule of signs, applied to exponential sums, limits the number of repeated exponents for the same minimum point with usual data sets. Several bounds on this path include that it stays among the averages of pairs of data points.