基于甲型H1N1流感潜在影响的世博疾控应急策略探析

文章从政治、经济、社会等视角分析了当前爆发的甲型H1N1流感疫情对世博会的潜在影响,剖析了产生潜在影响的致灾因子,提出建立世博疾控平时常态管理与战时应急管理有效切换的制度准则,形成平时减缓阶段的风险管理和准备阶段的危险要素管理、战时响应阶段的应急管理及恢复阶段的灾害管理四位一体的全主体、全要素、全过程应对世博突发公共卫生危机的行动策略。     

女娲神话重述的文化政治--以遗产化运动为中心

20世纪后半叶以来,女娲神话作为文化遗产在“神话主义”的逻辑下被政治性运用与重述。在文化遗产评选与保护过程中,女娲的遗迹得到重建,女娲的民间信仰活动得以恢复。女娲在现代国家文化语境下获得了新身份,被重述为文化英雄和人文始祖。同时,围绕女娲神话遗产开展的庙会、旅游、公祭活动,使女娲神话重新整合为当代公共文化。     

盐酸多奈哌齐对拟VD大鼠模型海马神经元保护作用机制的研究

目的观察盐酸多奈哌齐对血管性痴呆(VD)大鼠模型海马NMDA受体亚单位NPR1的免疫组织化学表达的变化,及对GSH-PX、CAT的影响,探讨其在血管性痴呆中的神经保护作用机制。方法采用双侧颈总动脉反复夹闭、再通, 并腹腔注射硝普钠法制备模型,药物组用盐酸多奈哌齐溶液灌胃;用Y-型迷宫试验观察其行为学改变;用免疫组织化学技术观测大鼠海马神经元N-甲基-D -天门冬氨酸受体-R1的表达变化;GSH-PX、CAT分别采用DTNB法及紫外分光光度法测定其活力。结果盐酸多奈哌齐组大鼠学习、记忆成绩优于模型组 (P<0．01),其海马CA1区NMDA受体-R1表达明显降低,与模型组比较有显著性差异(P<0．01);GSH-PX、CAT较模型组明显增高(P<0．01),与假手术组相比无显著性差异(P>0．05)。结论盐酸多奈哌齐可通过降低NMDAR1的表达,提高GSH-以、CAT的活力来保护VD大鼠海马神经元。     

民族文化背景下中国古代女神命运的演变与地位没落

在世界各民族的神话传说中,女性神都具有十分显赫的地位。随着文明的演进,后天的道德规范、文化品格被超时空地投射到传说中的女性神身上,使远古的女神地位出现了集体没落现象,这在中国古代神话中表现得尤为明显。中国古代女性神命运的演变与地位的没落主要通过两种途径完成:神话的重组使女神丧失独立的政治与社会地位,从而使其命运发生逆转;仙道文化的滋生与渗入,使女性神纷纷由神界走向仙界,不仅导致神话内容变异,而且也改变了女性神的特质。     

N2: reading,writing, walking the South African highway

This piece is drawn from a larger project that asks what it might mean to write a cultural history or “biography” of the longest highway in South Africa, the N2. Influenced by literature on the everyday, on infrastructures and the “infra-ordinary,” my approach pays attention to the highway as a material artefact. Who builds, maintains and manages it; who makes their life along it; what subcultures, lexicons and social behaviours can be read off it? Exploring the possibilities of creative non-fiction within the environmental humanities, the piece here unfolds as an exercise in psychogeography, or a deconstructed travelogue. While much travel writing about modern Cape Town describes a (motorised) journey from airport to city, here I reverse the gaze and proceed on foot from town to the airport along the hard shoulder of the N2. In doing so I try to understand the vexed relations between drivers and pedestrians in a divided city, and to conduct an “anthropology of the near” on the road reserve: perhaps the most visible but least contemplated part of the modern urban landscape.     

Joint modeling of degradation and failure time data

This paper surveys some approaches to model the relationship between failure time data and covariate data like internal degradation and external environmental processes. These models which reflect the dependency between system state and system reliability include threshold models and hazard-based models. In particular, we consider the class of degradation–threshold–shock models (DTS models) in which failure is due to the competing causes of degradation and trauma. For this class of reliability models we express the failure time in terms of degradation and covariates. We compute the survival function of the resulting failure time and derive the likelihood function for the joint observation of failure times and degradation data at discrete times. We consider a special class of DTS models where degradation is modeled by a process with stationary independent increments and related to external covariates through a random time scale and extend this model class to repairable items by a marked point process approach. The proposed model class provides a rich conceptual framework for the study of degradation–failure issues.     

投资组合策略的有效性检验:基于中国市场的实证分析

本文针对中国股票市场的实际特点,对几种典型的投资策略进行了分析比较。本研究选取不同类型的数据库作为研究对象,截取出不同时间段的数据用以检验各种投资策略在各种投资背景下的表现。检验结果表明,对于行业层面的投资而言,基于数量化模型的优化策略总体表现较好;但在个股层面,市场组合策略的总体表现较好。此外,当资产数目较大时,简单的1/N平均投资策略在个股层面的投资表现也较为突出。而在股市行情处于单一的牛市或熊市的情形下,基于数量化模型的优化策略的表现比它们在长期平均行情下的表现更好。本文初步探析了这些现象背后的原因。这些结果表明策略类型的选择、参数估计的样本选取是实际投资操作中不可忽视的环节。     

Sexual inequality in the workplace: An employer-specific analysis of pay differences

This paper reports an analysis of employer-specific sex differences in the processes governing the salary attainment of personnel of a large company. The two dominant theories of inequality both view discrimination as the operative cause of pay differences, but locate the structural source of discrimination at different points in the employer-employee exchange space. The wage discrimination hypothesis asserts that the economic disadvantage of women issues directly from the pay practices of employers, with women receiving “unequal pay for equal work.” The crowding, or employment segregation, hypothesis asserts that inequality issues from the employment practices of employers; disparities in the allocation of jobs and promotions results in segregation along sexual lines, with women relegated to lower-paying positions. The findings show that both wage discrimination and sexual segregation of the company's job and rank structures contribute to inequality, but that the latter is more important. The implications for the issue of discrimination are briefly discussed.     

湘潭方言的体标记“羾得N”和“在N”

“羾得N”和“在N”同为湖南湘潭方言中的体标记。其中“羾”与“在”都能作动词、介词,前者强调动态义,只能接处所宾语,不能接时间宾语,后者则可接处所或时间宾语。比较“羾得N”和“在N”,前者在句法配置上只能位于动词性结构之前,语义上只表进行义,语用功能上多用于随意场合,虚化程度较低;后者则可以位于动词性结构之前或之后,可表进行义或持续义,语用场合不限,虚化程度比前者稍高。