酶学研究中的关键事项与进展

本文对酶学研究的关键历史事项作了简要论述，对酶的研究过程的新进展和新概念及发现RNA具有酶作用的意义作了扼要说明．     

服务台可修的M／G／1／N排队系统分析

研究了服务台可修的Ｍ／Ｇ／１／Ｎ排队系统，其中服务台在系统的空闲期内仍可能失效，在平稳状态下，分析了队长的嵌入马尔柯夫链。应用补充变量法和样本点技术，导出了一般队长分布，获得顾客消失的概率和服务员忙期分布。     

Ethical problems in program evaluation: Advice for trapped evaluators

This paper argues that ethical problems in program evaluation are increased when conflicting or incompatible evaluation models are applied concurrently. Three models are illustrated: an Amelioration Model, generating better information for a program's own decision makers; an Accountability Model, focusing on public data disclosure and citizen participation in evaluation; and an Advocacy Model, in which the evaluation is designed to advance the program's interests in the competition for resources. Ethical problems inherent in each model, and arising from combining models are presented, along with case examples and discussion. The authors suggest several directions that program evaluators can consider to reduce their vulnerability to ethical problems.     

Job-shift differences between men and women in the workplace

Until now causal analyses of male-female career differences have been based on the standard attainment model and have focused on differences in career outcomes, namely status and earnings. This paper departs from this practice by using the career life-cycle model of achievement as a framework for the analysis of sex differences in the job mobility experiences of management personnel of a large corporation. The paper focuses not on sexual differences in the level of career rewards, but on differences in the rate of job shifts as the career unfolds. The models are based on the mean-value function of a Poisson arrival process. The principal findings are: (1) Male and female job-shift regimes are similar in form and described by the mean-value function of a nonstationary and heterogeneous Poisson arrival process; (2) the parameters governing male and female job-shift regimes are significantly different; (3) parameter differences indicate sexual inequities with respect to the rate of return to productive resources, but not with respect to structural opportunities to shift; (4) for men and women alike, schooling increases the rate of job shift, while labor force experience prior to being hired and entry-level achievement decrease the rate of shift.     

Macroeconomic adjustment in Thailand: Demand management and supply conditions

Within the framework of a four-sector macroeconomic model for Thailand, comparative statics are used to assess alternative ways of macroeconomic adjustment. Fiscal policy interventions, manipulations of the exchange rate, and productivity improvements are discussed. Their implications in terms of income generation, external deficit, and inflation are derived. It is shown that only productivity improvements have positive effects on all indicators. Fiscal interventions lead to an improvement in the external deficit, but at the cost of income generation. The outcome of a devaluation is largely dependent on the behavior of factor prices.     

RNA multiple structural alignment with longest common subsequences

In this paper, we present a new model for RNA multiple sequence structural alignment based on the longest common subsequence. We consider both the off-line and on-line cases. For the off-line case, i.e., when the longest common subsequence is given as a linear graph with n vertices, we first present a polynomial O(n ²) time algorithm to compute its maximum nested loop. We then consider a slightly different problem—the Maximum Loop Chain problem and present an algorithm which runs in O(n ⁵) time. For the on-line case, i.e., given m RNA sequences of lengths n, compute the longest common subsequence of them such that this subsequence either induces a maximum nested loop or the maximum number of matches, we present efficient algorithms using dynamic programming when m is small. This research is partially supported by EPSCOR Visiting Scholar's Program and MSU Short-term Professional Development Program.     

Managing and sharing H1N1 crisis information using social media bookmarking services

Social media outlets are becoming main stream venues for risk and crisis communication, and how information is shared is critical. Analysis of social bookmarks regarding H1N1 demonstrate the CDC was the most popular reference for information, individuals were strongly present, blogs were the most popular type of documents, and Twitter is the most popular source being referenced. The crisis communication literature has just started to address those stakeholders that are creating their own influence and messages online.     

‘Loyal resistance’: N.P. van Wyk Louw (1906–1970) and the intellectual

The article analyses the seminal role played by the poet N.P. van Wyk Louw in defining the intellectual in Afrikaans public discourse. It shows that Van Wyk Louw’s defence of key concepts such as ‘liberal nationalism’ and ‘the open discussion’ in the 1950s was a movement away from his earlier views on Afrikaner nationalism, in which he focused on non‐rational forces. In the contested terrain of debates on Afrikaner nationalism Van Wyk Louw emphasised the need for the intellectual to ground his interventions in the tradition of European political thought, which demanded a respect for justice and an attempt at reconciling nationalism with liberalism. The article finally comments on the relevance of Van Wyk Louw’s contribution to current debates on public intellectual life in South Africa.     

四川方言“啥子”与“啥子+N”探析

"啥子"与"啥子+N"高频率出现在四川方言口语中,但关于"啥"字的读音,各类工具书说法不一。在四川方言中一般用"啥子"、"啥子东西",表示问物;用"啥子"、"啥子事",表示问事,三者同时存在,同中有异,异中有同。本文从共时的角度出发,基于方言口语语料与方言文本语料,对"啥子"和"啥子+N"进行考察,充分描写它们在语义表达,句法功能等方面的异同。     

楚帛书甲篇的神话构成、性质及其神话学意义

根据最新文字考释成果分析,楚帛书甲篇神话是一个脉络清晰的有机整体,它所描述的是整个宇宙的形成及其秩序的确立过程,概括起来主要包含三大阶段,即天地开辟及宇宙秩序的初步确立——宇宙秩序的破坏及其重整和巩固——宇宙秩序的精密化,是一个包括了原创世和再创世的完整创世神话,其中创世神雹、女填即伏羲、女娲。楚帛书神话作为现存先秦时代唯一完整的创世神话记录,具有重要的意义。它与近世民族调查所得的西南苗瑶或中原汉人所传伏羲女娲神话,在类型学上存在着明显的差异,后者很可能是受到以印度文化为中介的西亚洪水遗民神话影响的结果。