On the distributional transform, Sklar's theorem, and the empirical copula process

We review the distributional transform of a random variable, some of its applications, and some related multivariate distributional transformations. The distributional transform is a useful tool, which allows in many respects to deal with general distributions in the same way as with continuous distributions. In particular it allows to give a simple proof of Sklar's theorem in the general case. It has been used in the literature for stochastic ordering results. It is also useful for an adequate definition of the conditional value at risk measure and for many further purposes. We also discuss the multivariate quantile transform as well as the multivariate extension of the distributional transform and some of their applications. In the final section we consider an application to an extension of a limit theorem for the empirical copula process, also called empirical dependence function, to general not necessarily continuous distributions. This is useful for constructing and analyzing tests of dependence properties for general distributions.     

上海“创新驱动,转型发展”评价指标体系研究

构建上海"创新驱动,转型发展"评价指标体系,应遵循体现"创新驱动,转型发展"的特点、兼顾区域比较、结合当前重点和着眼长远需要4个原则,从多个维度展开分析和研究:一是经济结构合理化,主要从产业结构、投资与消费结构、收入分配结构、企业所有制结构等的优化方面加以考察;二是创新驱动和经济运行质量提升,主要从创新成果、节能减排、经济效益、居民收入、就业等方面加以考察;三是社会生态环境优化,主要从生态环境、社会环境等方面加以考察。上海的"创新驱动,转型发展"评价指标体系应包含"创新驱动""转型发展"和"民生改善"3个子指标体系和30个具体的评价指标。     

Karhunen–Loeve expansion for the additive detrended Brownian motion

In this article, we obtain the Karhunen–Loeve expansion and Pythagorean type distribution identities for the additive detrended Brownian motion. As applications, the corresponding Laplace transform and small-deviation asymptotic behavior for the L₂ norm are given.     

First hitting time of integral diffusions and applications

We study the first hitting time of integral functionals of time-homogeneous diffusions, and characterize their Laplace transforms through a stochastic time change. We obtain explicit expressions of the Laplace transforms for the geometric Brownian motion (GBM) and the mean-reverting GBM process. We also introduce a novel probability identity based on an independent exponential randomization and obtain explicit Laplace transforms of the price of arithmetic Asian options and other derivative prices that non-linearly depend on the integral diffusions. Numerical examples are given to demonstrate the accuracy and efficiency of the proposed method.     

二进制数与十、八、十六进制数之间的巧妙互换

数制转换这个知识点的掌握对于中职学生来说是件不容易的事情,本文介绍了一个实用、简单而有趣的方法,使学生能够轻松掌握二进制数与十、八、十六进制数之间的互换。     

台湾布农族作家拓拔斯·塔玛匹玛的悲情美学风格

如果从悲剧的审美深度去审视拓拔斯.塔玛匹玛的小说创作,会发现他的创作还没有真正意义上的悲剧出现。不过,如果从创作思想和艺术形式的角度来看,拓拔斯.塔玛匹玛的悲剧创作意识是极其浓厚的,他的作品总是弥漫着强烈的悲情氛围和悲剧色彩。     

全息图的数字化频域滤波及数值再现研究

采用计算机对普通离轴计算全息图及博奇型修正离轴参考光计算全息图进行数字化滤波操作,可在频域将零级及孪生像消除,从而得到单一的清晰实像或虚像。利用快速傅里叶变换算法计算菲涅耳衍射积分,实现了计算全息图的设计制作、频域滤波、再现过程的全数字化,计算机数值模拟结果表明该方法具有再现图像信噪比高、操作过程简便、计算速度快、灵活性强等特点。     

高校科技成果向生产力转化的困难及对策

高等院校科技成果逐年增加,但目前能签约转化为生产力的不到30%。导致这种状况的主要原因是当前高校科研中仍普遍存在只注重追求成果学术层次,忽视成果应用转化为效益的观念障碍以及科技成果转化阶段资金投入缺乏保障,推广队伍不力,企业对新成果吸纳转化积极性不高,成果流通信息渠道不畅等等。要采取转变观念,校企合作转化科技成果,吸引风险投资创办基地孵化科技成果,壮大推广服务队伍和建立成果转化激励机制等综合配套措施,促进高校科技成果尽快转化为现实生产力。     

马克思主义关于人与自然关系的理性思考

考察了马克思主义关于自然的含义、特征,人与自然的关系,认为人化自然和自在自然都具有客观实在性,二者相互依赖、相互作用、相互转化。     

现代城市交通干道绿化景观的传承与发展 --重庆市杨九路绿化景观改造规划设计

随着城市的不断扩大,城市内原有交通道路的功能与地位也随之发生变化,对道路景观的标准和要求也随之不同。以重庆市九龙坡区杨九路绿化景观改造规划设计为例,探讨现代城市交通干道绿化景观的传承与发展。