A Response to Farrell

This article responds directly to an article published in this journal in February 2010 by Graham Farrell entitled ‘Situational crime prevention and its discontents: rational choice and harm reduction versus “cultural criminology” ’. (Farrell's article, in turn, was a rejoinder to my original 2007 article ‘Situational crime prevention and its discontents: rational choice theory versus the “culture of now” ’). In his article, Farrell sets out a case for the role of ‘harm reduction’ and rational choice theory as tools to reduce the contemporary crime problem, concluding that ‘Cultural criminology seems to offer little, if anything, useful to inform crime reduction efforts’. This article rejects this statement and offers a counter critique of the instrumental approach promoted by Farrell. Importantly, this response article is not intended as an outright critique of situational crime prevention per se, rather it is an assessment of Farrell's specific critical logic and the various shortcomings associated with his argument.     

自媒体时代高校大学生“网络理性行为建构”研究

文章在分析大学生网络行为背景和内在特点的基础上,提出了以知识建构、道德建构和审美建构为环境导向,建构大学生良好理性认知、理性情感和态度、理性意志的重要性,为大学生行为选择模式理性化建构提出新的实践策略。     

青年马克思政治思想分析——以博士论文和《莱茵报》论文为例

本文通过青年马克思的博士论文和《莱茵报》时期的主要文章分析青年马克思的政治思想。在这个时期的马克思政治思想主要是追求自由和民主。具体在博士论文中是通过高扬个体的自我意识追求个体的独立和自由,寻求定在之中的自由;在《莱茵报》时期是通过争取出版自由获得精神自由,追求理性国家和法,反对宗教专制的束缚,反对私人利益对国家和法代表的普遍利益的侵犯。笔者希望通过对文本的分析,理清青年马克思的政治思想的内容、逻辑线索和思想来源。     

A note on deriving the discrete spectra of some continuous-time processes

Using only expressions for trigonometric functions, a straightforward derivation of the discrete spectra for some continuous-time processes observed at points in time and as integrals over time are obtained.     

“茅盾传统”：范式特征与价值蕴含

在中国新文学史上,有一种被称之为“茅盾传统”的创作范式存在,其主要内涵包括现实主义传统、“史诗”创作传统、“理性化”叙事传统三个方面.这三种传统的互渗交汇,构成中国新文学的一种重要价值体系,至今仍有无可漠视的意义.当下文学界有一种随意丢弃“茅盾传统”的倾向,这是不足取的.     

理性预期下宏观经济政策真的无效吗

本文在对理性预期模型评述的基础上,通过将宏观经济政策的有效性分为前期有效、当期有效与后期有效后发现,即便是在理性预期理论框架下,宏观经济政策总体上都是有效的,不同的是,在理性预期理论框架下,宏观经济政策仅表现为前期有效。在经验证据上,本文分别以我国和美国的相关实际数据为样本,利用实证分析的方法检验了货币政策的有效性。分析结果显示,我国的货币政策不仅是前期有效的,而且后期也是有效的,相比而言,美国的货币政策却表现出前期有效、后期无效的特点。究其原因,两者的差异主要在于政策信号传递以及公众对货币政策预期形成方式不同,但无论公众对宏观经济政策的预期符合什么形式,它都会对宏观经济经济运行产生影响,经济政策都是不可或缺的。     

Estimates of Own Lethal Risks and Anchoring Effects

The paper reports on an experiment testing whether agents perceive correctly the lethal risks they face personally. The results suggest that subjects exhibit comparable biases when making predictions for their own-age-cohort, or for the entire population (i.e. agents overestimate rare risks, and underestimate common risks). The hypothesis that agents have better knowledge of their own risks, however, cannot be dismissed entirely, as responses in the own-age-cohort survey are more homogenous and better ordered. Finally, it is shown that administering surveys in succession can generate anchoring effects, which may explain why our conclusions differ markedly from a previous study. JEL Classification D8 ⋅ C9     

新农村建设中增强农民主体意识的理性探讨

社会主义新农村建设是一项使农村摆脱贫困落后,从而实现农村现代化的伟大工程。广大农民群众是社会主义新农村建设的主要力量,其主体意识的增强与否直接关系到新农村建设的成败。但是,由于受到历史文化、体制、政策执行、农民自身素质及组织化程度等因素的制约,当前新农村建设中农民主体意识缺失。因此,政府应当从多方面着手尽快唤醒广大农民群众的主体意识,从而实现新农村建设的宏伟目标,实现整个社会的和谐发展。     

Stationary analysis of a BMAP/R/1 queue with R-type multiple working vacations

We consider an infinite-buffer single server queue with batch Markovian arrival process (BMAP) and exhaustive service discipline under multiple working vacation policy. The service time during a working vacation is generally distributed random variable which is independent of the service times during a normal busy period as well as the arrival process. Duration of service times during a normal busy period and duration of working vacation times follow the class of distributions whose Laplace-Stieltjes transforms are rational functions (R-type distributions). The service time during a normal busy period, working vacation time, and the service time during a working vacation are independent of each other as well as of the arrival process. If a working vacation terminates while service is going on for a customer at head of the queue in vacation mode then, the server switches to normal mode and the customer at head of the queue is entitled to receive a full service time in the normal busy period irrespective of the amount of service received by the customer at head of the queue during the previous working vacation period. We obtain system-length distributions at various epoch, such as post-departure, pre-arrival, arbitrary, and pre-service. The proposed analysis is based on the use of matrix-analytic procedure to obtain system-length distribution at post-departure epoch. Later, we use supplementary variable technique and simple algebraic manipulations to obtain system-length distribution at arbitrary epoch using the system-length distribution at post-departure epoch. Some important performance measures, such as mean system lengths and mean waiting time have been obtained. Finally, some numerical results have been presented in the form of tables and graphs to show the applicability of the results obtained in this article. The model has potential application in areas of computer and communication networks, such as ethernet passive optical network (EPON).     

理性启蒙文化对传统群体文化的乌托邦式的跨越——“劳工神圣”在中国现代文学中变调的意义断想

“劳工神圣”自1918年在启蒙救国的语境下被提出后,就渐进成为中国现代文学思潮中潜在的话语体系．只是在中国现代文学不同阶段出现了不同程度的变调,而在这变调的历程中潜隐着中国现代文学思想文化传统流变的复杂性。在五四新文化运动时期,理性启蒙文化对传统群体文化的鸟托邦式的跨越呈现出了这种“流变的复杂性”。