论辽宁渔业的可持续发展

分析了辽宁省渔业资源和渔业生产的特点和近年的变化趋势及辽宁渔业面临的主要问题,并在此基础上提出了促进辽宁渔业可持续发展的建议:提高认识,增强危机感和责任感;改革管理体制,加强法制建设;调整传统渔业内部结构,促进水产品加工和工业休闲渔业的发展;促进科技创新和渔业现代化。     

基于产权的海洋渔业资源开发利用效率分析

自然资源对人类社会的发展所起的作用很大,经济租金最大化原则和产权的完备性是有效开发资源的两大条件。本人对海洋渔业资源产权开发利用进行经济理论分析,以两个渔场之间捕捞努力量分配为例说明产权对于资源经济效率提高的重要性。在分析我国海洋渔业资源产权运行现状及其存在问题的基础上,提出要有效开发我国海洋渔业资源产权的建议:其一,政府要明晰海洋渔业资源的产权关系;其二,根据不同的海洋渔业资源问题,政府要制定不同的产权制度和政府政策;其三,政府要不断推进海洋渔业资源所有权的多元化。     

南漪湖渔业经济可持续发展路径的调研

对位于安徽省宣城地区的南漪湖的水产捕捞业、养殖业、水产品流通和渔业管理等现状进行了广泛的调查,提出了南漪湖渔业经济开发中存在的诸如生产要素投入过度,水产养殖技术贡献率偏低;湖泊环境污染,制约渔业经济可持续发展;种植业农民大量兼营渔业带来的渔业管理等问题.作者认为,为实现南漪湖渔业经济的可持续发展,应加强产品质量管理,调整产业结构、提高科技贡献率和建立生态环境互惠型渔业经济发展模式.     

南中国海地区渔业合作与管理机制分析——以功能主义为视角

渔业资源是南海海域的主要经济资源之一,由于其具有洄游和可再生的特点,构成南海纠纷的焦点之一.在南海纠纷愈演愈烈的背景下,南海海域渔业资源因合理养护和管理的缺位呈现出不断衰竭的态势,伴随而来的还有南海海洋生态环境的失衡.鉴于此,本文以功能主义为研究视角,在对现有南海地区渔业合作与管理机制的现状、不足展开分析的基础上,探讨了南海地区渔业合作与管理机制的“外溢效应”与渔业资源“共同开发”作为地区信任机制建设途径的可能性,认为南海渔业资源“共同开发”可使在油气资源“共同开发”陷入窘境的状况下或可为中国的“搁置争议、共同开发”政策打开新的局面.     

海洋渔业资源优化与集体产权的经济研究

目前理论界较普遍认为产权是影响渔业资源衰退的重要原因。然而对于渔业资源来说,其流动性、公共属性及其相互间的强互补性等决定了明确地界定产权将会付出较高成本。在这种情况下,集体产权是可选择的,以海洋渔业资源自然属性和经济属性为基点,突破地域行政划分限制,阐释集体产权,并利用模型和数据分析验证集体产权下海洋渔业资源优化结果。同时提出在海洋渔业资源中强化集体产权理念,以促进海洋渔业资源可持续发展。     

Trampling tolerance of understorey vegetation in different hemiboreal urban forest site types in Finland

The effects of trampling on the understorey vegetation were studied in boreal urban forests of different fertility in the greater Helsinki area, Finland. The three studied forest types in decreasing order of fertility were: 1) herb-rich heath forest, 2) mesic heath forest, and 3) sub-xeric heath forest. We inventoried the cover percentages of understorey vegetation in 40 herb-rich, 75 mesic and 40 sub-xeric biotopes located in 51 urban forests varying in size (0.6–502 ha). Cover percentages were compared to those of untrampled reference areas. In our study, trampling tolerance increased with increasing fertility of the forest type. Wear of understorey vegetation correlated positively with the number of residents (i.e. recreational pressure) around the forest patch. In general, understorey vegetation cover in all three forest types was lower than in the same forest types in untrampled reference areas. Ground layer cover in urban forests was less than half of that in reference areas. Mosses, lichens, and dwarf shrubs, especially Vaccinium vitis-idaea, proved to be sensitive to trampling and consequently decreased in cover. The cover of tree saplings, mainly Sorbus aucuparia, and some resilient herbs increased.     

我国综合养鱼发展现状及存在问题与对策探讨

系统地阐述了我国综合养鱼在我国及国际淡水渔业上的重要地位,分析了我国目前综合养鱼主要模式以及发展中存在的问题,提出了在新的形势下,应通过加强基础研究、加强人才培训、加强科技推广等措施,使我国综合养鱼科技含量、产业化水平进一步提高,从业人员科学文化素质得到较大改善,为我国水产业进一步发展奠定基础。     

关于加强渔业保险建设的几点思考

渔业保险制度滞后影响渔业的可持续发展和社会稳定。通过分析渔业生产的特点，阐述加强渔业保险制度的必要性，揭示中国目前渔业保险存在的问题及其原因，并对加强中国渔业保险建设提出几点思考。     

辽宁渔业对辽宁经济贡献的统计分析

渔业是中国的传统产业，辽宁又是渔业大省。分析辽宁渔业对辽宁经济的贡献，即产品贡献、市场贡献、增收贡献、就业贡献、创汇贡献、要素贡献，探讨辽宁渔业发展过程中存在的问题，并提出辽宁渔业进一步发展的对策。     

Flow and Dissociation: Examination of Mean Levels, Cross-links, and Links to Emotional Well-Being across Sports and Recreational and Pathological Gambling

To examine whether flow (Csikszentmihalyi (1990). Flow: The psychology of optimal experience. NY: Harper & Row) and dissociation (Jacobs (1986). Journal of Gambling Behavior, 2, 15-31) are experienced across sports and recreational and pathological gambling, we assessed a sample of 511 college students (256 females and 255 males, M age = 19.54) that was comprised of 14 pathological gamblers, 21 non-addicted gamblers, and 476 athletes. The findings showed that both flow and dissociation lay on a continuum of subjective experiences across activity groups. Specifically, pathological gamblers experienced lower levels of flow than athletes, whereas recreational gamblers lay in between the previous groups in this regard. In contrast, pathological gamblers experienced higher mean levels of dissociation than athletes and recreational gamblers who, in turn, were similar in this regard. A LISREL model showed that flow was positively associated with general emotional well-being, whereas dissociation was negatively associated with well-being.