Profile of the Present Slovak Society and its Regional Differences

The article is the first attempt in assessment of the development and the present situation of social structure and stratification in Slovakia. Its principal aim is to develop the profile of the present society in Slovakia, which reflects the pace and complexity of the transformation process and its impact on society. Processing of Micro census data from 2003 led to creation of the profile of society in Slovakia at the national level based on income distribution but also knowledge on regional societies and differences between them were obtained. It was found out that the present profile of the society in Slovakia is pear-shaped which means strong representation of lower strata and weaker representation of higher middle and high strata. The profile disclosed some specific features and inconsistencies in the present society of Slovakia, which were, and still are determined by many non standard past and present phenomena and processes often disguised by reforms. The information drawn in regions has facilitated identification of the basic nature and structure of regional societies, some of their specific features and negative elements and to demonstrate their highly differentiated character.

New cultural economies of marginality: revisiting the West Coast,South Island,New Zealand

Marginal regions have been the subject of political concern and remedial action in western states for several decades now. The West Coast of the South Island of New Zealand is an interesting case study in this regard, for recent economic growth has confounded earlier expectations of post-restructuring decline, while also contradicting several of the nostrums of new regionalism. In an effort to understand this trajectory, this paper draws on documents from public and private sector organisations, newspaper articles and field visits to examine developments in four key sectors of the West Coast's economy: mining, dairy farming, forestry and tourism. Economic growth is found to be closely linked to the cultivation of new markets for primary products, but efforts to rework the cultural dimensions of marginality have also been important. Value has been added to specific products through the insertion of references to the region's alpine and forested landscapes. Isolation and peripherality have been recast in more positive terms, echoing the broader reframing of New Zealand as a scenic, unspoiled destination. In adopting a cultural economic perspective on marginal regions, the paper illustrates the significance of symbolic forms of value, the potentially flexible nature of marginality as a discursive category, and the importance of the networks which connect regions to national and international flows of capital and tourists.     

中国人口老龄化的地区差异分析

本文基于1990—2013年省际面板数据,以老年人口比重作为老龄化指标,采用基尼系数分解方法和Kernel密度估计方法,实证分析了中国人口老龄化的地区差异及其动态演进过程。研究结果表明：中国人口老龄化在地区分布上呈现出明显的非均衡特征;基尼系数测算及其分解结果表明,人口老龄化的地区差异总体上呈现波动缩小趋势;2004年以前,地区间差距和超变密度交替成为总体地区差异的主要来源,2004年以后,超变密度成为总体差异的主要来源。 Kernel密度估计显示,老龄化程度不断加深,地区差异呈波动趋势。     

Reading Polanyi in Erbil: understanding socio-political factors in the development of Iraqi Kurdistan

ABSTRACT

The Kurdistan Regional Government emerges out of the chaos of post-Saddam Iraq as a rare positive, providing both political stability and economic growth. However, the outward display masks a more complex domestic settlement where the trappings of the free market coexist with political parties who are significant economic actors. How can this model of development in Iraqi Kurdistan be explained? Turning to the writings of political economist Karl Polanyi, does his thinking on relations between society and economy offer a way to unpack the development? And what does this analysis tell us of prospects for Iraqi Kurdistan?     

中国已婚女性意愿生育数的影响因素分析

本文利用2004年中国健康与营养调查（CHNS）数据,分析了个人因素、家庭因素以及社会因素对中国已婚女性意愿生育数的影响。结果显示,个人因素如年龄、受教育程度、工作单位类型及月均收入水平对其意愿生育数的影响具有显著的统计学意义;社会因素如城乡、所在省份亦对意愿生育数有影响;但家庭因素,被调查者有无兄弟姐妹对其意愿生育数影响的统计学意义不显著。     

论WTO区域贸易协定透明度机制委托执行机构的结构调整

区域贸易协定透明度机制经过四年多的实践,其运行模式已经得到WTO各成员方的普遍赞同。然而,实践中所暴露出来机制委托执行机构工作上的职权模糊和运行冲突,被不少成员归咎于现有委托执行机构机构的不合理。一些成员方因此提议简化现有的委托执行机构,形成由区域贸易协定委员会单一运行的结构模式。然而,单一的委托执行机构不仅难以解决当前的实践问题,还会给透明度机制的实施带来更大的困境。在保留目前委托执行机构机构结构的前提下,归纳总结目前机制所暴露的瑕疵,明确机构职能的划分,进而通过简化数据提交,规范通报和审议文本,无疑能使透明度机制的运行更加顺畅,整个体制也更加完善。     

近百年来地域文学研究的回顾与反思

前人很早就关注到了文学的地域性,但多停留在感悟式体验层面上。地域文学进入理性的研究阶段始于刘师培,不过,地域文学研究在上个世纪并未受到重视,学者的研究多处在自发阶段。进入本世纪后,地域文学研究开始由自发阶段向自觉阶段转变,地域文学研究也日趋火热。但由于地域文学本身较复杂,研究起步也较晚,因而还存在诸多问题,后继研究者须引起重视。     

我国区域经济不平衡增长的现状、成因与效应分析

本文从我国区域经济发展不平衡的现状出发,以我国的区域经济理论为依据,分析了我国区域经济发展增长不平衡的原因,以及由不平衡增长所产生的聚集效应、结构效应、辐射效应和示范效应。     

基于层次分析的广东区域竞争力评价

选取国内八省市为比较对象,运用层次分析法对广东区域竞争力表现及竞争力潜力进行评价,得出了广东在国内八省市中的竞争力排位,分析了广东在区域竞争力方面的优劣势,并就提升广东整体区域竞争力提出了相应建议。     

Applications and Implementation A SEPARABLE PROGRAMMING APPROACH TO EXPECTED COVERAGE: AN APPLICATION TO AMBULANCE LOCATION

The maximum expected covering location problem (MEXCLP) is reformulated using a separable programming approach. The resulting formulation—nonlinear maximum expected covering location problem (NMEXCLP)—guarantees optimality and also solves more quickly than previous heuristic approaches. NMEXCLP allows two important extensions. First, minor formulation changes allow the specification of the minimum number of times each node is to be covered in order to satisfy expected coverage criteria. Second, coverage matrices can be constructed that consider two different types of coverage simultaneously. Both extensions are useful for ambulance location problems and are demonstrated in that setting.