关于完善我国农产品物流的对策建议

通过对物流主体、信息体系、物流设施、物流技术几方面分析了我国农产品物流存在的问题,并相应从市场主体、基础设施、信息建设、人才培养、物流技术、政府作用、拍卖中心、第三方物流等几个方面提出促进我国农产品物流发展的对策。     

朱熹《诗》之“晋风”理解上的新成就

在朱熹对《诗·魏风》和《诗·唐风》的解读上，包含若干异乎前说的新成就。一，他有着《魏风》、《唐风》实为“晋风”的思想，以及“晋风”风格取决于晋之地理环境的文学风格理论。二，他在“晋风”阐释史上最早提出了《蟋蟀》和《山有枢》为唱和之诗的观点，这是《诗经》学史上的新创见。三，他否定了毛《序》为代表的汉唐旧说关于“晋风”主旨上的“刺”诗说，将某些篇章读为表现衰乱之世士子心态的诗篇。当然，所有这些新成就，和朱熹在整个《诗经》学思想上的新突破又是息息相关的。     

大学学报特色与使命关系研究

在编辑学理论关于大学学报的研究中,一个所谓重要的命题就是"特色生命论".这个命题没有把学报特色与真正的历史使命和功能这个根本关系摆正,难以成立.首先,科学和登载它的学报不一定非要有什么特色,"学术乃天下之公器".其次,学报是高等学校主办的、以反映本校科研和教学成果为主的学术理论刊物.学报的本质是学术期刊,它的安身立命要求必须按照学术期刊的办刊规律来办刊,放弃自己的历史使命而去追求所谓的"特色",是本末倒置.再次,学报不看重"特色",并不意味着不需要策划也并不意味着放弃地域文化优势的发挥.     

新疆建立完善政府危机管理体系的对策建议

由于特殊的区情、社情,新疆的政府危机管理不同于内地省区。应根据新疆的特殊性创建新疆特色的政府危机管理体系。当前,应积极做好六个方面的工作:建立危机意识培训体系;规范危机的法律体系;创新危机管理组织模式及建立分工合作的危机运行机制;建立充足的危机管理保障体系;建立立体化、多层次的危机应对网络。     

Nonparametric methods in factorial designs

Summary In this paper, we summarize some recent developments in the analysis of nonparametric models where the classical models of ANOVA are generalized in such a way that not only the assumption of normality is relaxed but also the structure of the designs is introduced in a broader framework and also the concept of treatment effects is redefined. The continuity of the distribution functions is not assumed so that not only data from continuous distributions but also data with ties are included in this general setup. In designs with independent observations as well as in repeated measures designs, the hypotheses are formulated by means of the distribution functions. The main results are given in a unified form. Some applications to special designs are considered, where in simple designs, some well known statistics (such as the Kruskal-Wallis statistic and the χ²-statistic for dichotomous data) come out as special cases. The general framework presented here enables the nonparametric analysis of data with continuous distribution functions as well as arbitrary discrete data such as count data, ordered categorical and dichotomous data. Received: October 13, 1999; revised version: June 26, 2000     

世界经济增长率的测度以及中国贡献的分析

 摘　　要:国际上常用的世界经济增长率测算方法有按汇率法或按购买力平价（PPPs）法加权的连锁加权法和固定基期法。不同方法测算出不同的数据结果。它们各有优缺点和独特的经济含义，满足不同的经济研究目的需要。统计数据分析表明，按PPPs法加权的世界经济增长率要明显高于汇率法加权的结果。不论按何种方法测算，自1980年以来，中国对全球经济发展的贡献不断增大，现已成为拉动世界经济增长的重要引擎     

Expected utility within a generalized concept of probability — a comprehensive framework for decision making under ambiguity

It has often been complained that the standard framework of decision theory is insufficient. In most applications, neither the maximin paradigm (relving on complete ignorance on the states of natures) nor the classical Bayesian paradigm (assuming perfect probabilistic information on the states of nature) reflect the situation under consideration adequately. Typically one possesses some, but incomplete, knowledge on the stochastic behaviour of the states of nature. In this paper first steps towards a comprehensive framework for decision making under such complex uncertainty will be provided. Common expected utility theory will be extended to interval probability, a generalized probabilistic setting which has the power to express incomplete stochastic knowledge and to take the extent of ambiguity (non-stochastic uncertainty) into account. Since two-monotone and totally monotone capacities are special cases of general interval probatility, wher Choquet integral and interval-valued expectation correspond to one another, the results also show, as a welcome by-product, how to deal efficiently with Choquet Expected Utility and how to perform a neat decision analysis in the case of belief functions. Received: March 2000; revised version: July 2001     

Evaluation of adjustments for partial non-response bias in the US National Immunization Survey

Summary.  Many health surveys conduct an initial household interview to obtain demographic information and then request permission to obtain detailed information on health outcomes from the respondent's health care providers. A 'complete response' results when both the demographic information and the detailed health outcome data are obtained. A 'partial response' results when the initial interview is complete but, for one reason or another, the detailed health outcome information is not obtained. If 'complete responders' differ from 'partial responders' and the proportion of partial responders in the sample is at least moderately large, statistics that use only data from complete responders may be severely biased. We refer to bias that is attributable to these differences as 'partial non-response' bias. In health surveys it is customary to adjust survey estimates to account for potential differences by employing adjustment cells and weighting to reduce bias from partial response. Before making these adjustments, it is important to ask whether an adjustment is expected to increase or decrease bias from partial non-response. After making these adjustments, an equally important question is 'How well does the method of adjustment work to reduce partial non-response bias?'. The paper describes methods for answering these questions. Data from the US National Immunization Survey are used to illustrate the methods.     

Using success to measure quality in British higher education: which subjects attract the best-qualified students?

Summary. A theory is developed to measure the quality of applicants into UK higher education. It is based on the principle that more able applicants will self-select into more difficult subject choices. The advantage is that it gives a unidimensional measure whereby different groups can easily be compared across any dimension of interest, e.g. men, women and the various ethnic groups. Here the relative quality of applicants and acceptances across 170 separate subject groups is calculated and discussed by using a data set with over 2 million observations. It, therefore, offers a way of achieving a more refined measure of the quality of human capital.     

Demographic comparison between self-response and personal visit interview in Census 2000

During Census 2000, over 95 percent of the housing units were in mailback areas. In these areas either the United States Postal Service or Census Bureau staff delivered the census questionnaire. In urban and suburban areas of the country, the United States Postal Service delivered the census questionnaires between March 13 and 15 of 2000. The addresses in these areas are predominately city style; house number and street name. In more rural areas of the country with predominately non-city style addresses, Census Bureau staff delivered the questionnaire during March of 2000. Respondents completed their census questionnaires and returned them through the mail. Returns from these housing units are classified as self-response. Respondents which did not complete and return their census questionnaire by April 18, 2000 were interviewed during the nonresponse followup operation (personal visit interview). This paper will examine the demographic characteristics of persons enumerated on the mail return questionnaire (self-response) and the persons enumerated during the nonresponse followup operation (personal visit interview).