关于高校专利申请存在的问题及对策研究

在大力保护知识产权的今天,专利是国家体系中的重要组成部分;目前我国高等院校的专利申请增长强劲。但是,高校还存在重成果轻专利、专利保护力度不够等许多问题,与成果转化差距较大。应加强我国高校专利申请科技创新环境和科技基础条件平台的建设,整合现有科技资源,把专利工作与科技管理工作有机结合起来,建立以知识产权管理为主导的科技管理新体制,并利用竞争和激励机制,调动科技人员的积极性,提高科技成果转化工作的成效。     

体育锻炼对女大学生经前期紧张应激能力的影响

经《DSM—Ⅲ—R》普查筛选,从有经前期症状反应的98名女大学生中随机抽取46名女生进行经前期指导性体育锻炼,一个学年后,其症状程度发生率锻炼组低于非体育锻炼组,经前期症状反应中的躯体症状和心理症状各两项总分经比较（x±s）,存在明显差异（P＜0．05）．考试时间内经前期应激身心健康水平,经SCL－90测评,9个症状因素和阳性的项目数经比较（x±s）,除敌对、偏执、精神病性3个因素外,其余存在明显差异（P＜0．05～P＜0．01）．结果表明,体育锻炼能改善经前期紧张综合症中内分泌生理功能和心理活动状态,提高由生理变化刺激应激阈值,科学地体育锻炼是女大学生对经前期紧张应激的一种有效的应对防御手段．     

Local likelihood tracking of fault lines and boundaries

We suggest locally parametric methods for estimating curves, such as boundaries of density supports or fault lines in response surfaces, in a variety of spatial problems. The methods are based on spatial approximations to the local likelihood that the curve passes through a given point in the plane, as a function of that point. The local likelihood might be a regular likelihood computed locally, with kernel weights (e.g. in the case of support boundary estimation) or a local version of a likelihood ratio statistic (e.g. in fault line estimation). In either case, the local likelihood surface represents a function which is relatively large near the target curve, and relatively small elsewhere. Therefore, the curve may be estimated as a ridge line of the surface; we require only a numerical algorithm for tracking the projection of a ridge into the plane. This approach offers several potential advantages over alternative methods. First, the local (log-)likelihood surface can be graphed, and the degree of 'ridginess' assessed visually, to determine how the level of local smoothing should be varied in different spatial locations in order to emphasize the ridge and hence the curve adequately. Secondly, the local likelihood surface does not need to be computed in anything like its entirety; once we have a reasonable approximation to a point on the curve we may track it by numerically 'walking along' the ridge line. Thirdly, the method is appropriate without change for many different types of spatial explanatory variables—gridded, stochastic or otherwise. Three examples are explored in detail; fault lines in response surfaces and in intensity or density surfaces, and boundaries of supports of probability densities.     

论外汇推动型通货膨胀及其治理——兼评输入型通货膨胀假说

 对我国当前通货膨胀如何定性,是正确制定和实施宏观调控政策的重要前提。本文针对目前的一种主流观点,即将我国当前的通货膨胀定性为“输入型”的观点,提出了相左的看法。在此基础上,通过建立经济模型,并借助统计资料,从理论上论证了我国当前通货膨胀属于“外汇推动型”。以这一认识为前提,指出为了避免通货膨胀的“硬着陆”,防止在治理通货膨胀过程中导致国内经济受到伤害,有必要重新调整宏观调控措施。为此针对外汇推动型通货膨胀的特点,提出了若干“软着陆”的宏观调控措施的建议。     

非线性协整的秩检验方法及其响应面函数研究

 本文对非线性协整关系的秩检验方法进行了系统的梳理,运用Monte Carlo模拟给出了不同样本容量的各个秩检验统计量的临界值,并进一步探讨了其响应面函数,给出了各个秩检验统计量临界值的近似计算公式。对中国上证综指与主要发达国家股指关系的秩协整检验表明,与传统线性协整Johansen检验相比,秩协整检验能够检测到更多的线性和非线性协整关系。     

转型经济中的战略剥离分析:以中国上市企业为例

随着转型经济中企业并购与重组活动的日益增多,理论界和实业界都期望有适合转型经济的理论来指导企业的重组行为.为此,本文以战略反馈和代理理论为理论基础.探讨以中国为代表的转型经济中企业战略剥离的动因.通过对1999-2003年中国上市企业剥离行为的分析,本文发现中国上市企业的剥离行为主要出于战略考虑,包括并购后整合的需要、过度多元化调整的需要以及绩效改进的需要;传统的代理理论则缺乏解释力度.这一结果表明,中国企业已经能够根据战略需要来进行业务重组,同时也呼吁政府和业界加强公司治理,以充分发挥公司治理的作用.     

Response effects to attitudinal questions about domestic violence against women: A comparative perspective

According to the national Demographic and Health Surveys (DHS), between 10% and 90% of women in poorer countries agree that domestic violence against women is justified. Such wide variation in women’s responses raises concerns about the comparability of the underlying attitudinal question, and the validity of comparative research that assumes comparability. Using 67 DHS conducted in 48 countries between 1995 and 2007, we explored whether cross-national variation in women’s affirmative responses to this question were explained by cross-national variation in survey design, socioeconomic conditions, or both. Variation in survey design had considerable predictive power and accounted for a non-trivial amount of the variance in women’s affirmative responses. Including the survey-design variables also modestly altered associations of the outcome with structural variables of interest in comparative studies. These findings offer insights about future analyses and data collections on women’s attitudes about domestic violence against women.     

Analyzing Mean Profiles of Nonnormal Populations

We consider testing whether the mean vectors of two or more populations have parallel, coincident, or flat profiles when the validity of normality is not known, and the sample sizes are moderate. Using some properties of multivariate moments and matrix manipulations, we obtain the asymptotic expansions for the null distribution of the Lawley–Hotelling statistics. We also derive the corresponding results in the situation where interest lies in coincidence and flatness alone. Accuracy of all the asymptotic expansions in approximating the exact null distributions is examined via simulation. Profile analysis of SO₄ concentrations from a forestry experiment is used to illustrate the methods.     

系统抽样、脉冲响应与通货膨胀惯性

利用时间序列模型研究经济变量的动态特征时,模型估计结果通常随样本观测频率改变而变化。本文针对系统抽样问题,研究样本观测频率变化对脉冲响应函数和累积脉冲响应的影响,探讨不同观测频率下脉冲响应函数的理论联系,以及对变量持久性特征更加稳健的度量方法,在此基础上考察中国通货膨胀的动态特征。结果表明,累积脉冲响应和惯性系数随样本观测频率提高而增加;系统抽样对脉冲响应函数的影响源于外生冲击界定的不同,脉冲响应的数值意义有限,但可用其考察冲击影响的持续时间;外生冲击对中国通货膨胀的影响持续2年左右,且90%在1年内实现,央行要对通胀走势有很强的预判能力,政策滞后将增加反通胀成本。