基于CAT大学英语学业测试语料库建设的探讨

计算机在教学领域的广泛应用,极大地促进着外语教学与测试的研究。建立基于计算机的校本大学英语学业测试语料库,已成为改革测试模式、提高教学质量的重要组成部分。文章在探讨有关测试理论的基础上,提出了创建基于计算机适应性学业测试语料库的主要原则和实际做法,同时设计了该库的计算机适应性运行与管理系统。     

金融危机下进出口商品总额变动对我国居民消费价格指数影响的实证分析

首先运用单位根检验和协整检验分析指标变量的平稳性,其次对各指标变量建立VAR模型,利用脉冲效应函数和方差分解以及Granger检验进行分析,得出进出口商品总额对CPI的直接影响较小,但间接影响不容忽视且影响期长。     

英汉恭维语对比分析

恭维语是赐与别人的＂口头礼物＂,它能协调与对方的关系,使对方感觉良好。由于文化背景不同,英汉恭维语之间也存在较大差异。本文从恭维语语言形式、话题、反应、性别差异等方面对英汉恭维语作初步的探讨。     

山西省翼城县村务公开 “难点村”治理工作探讨

村务公开作为农村民主管理、民主监督的重要形式,是促进农村党风廉政建设的有效手段,是构建和谐农村的有效途径。＂难点村＂治理是为村务公开能够更好的发挥作用而开展的一项重要工作。以山西省翼城县为例,结合＂难点村＂治理工作,分析了村务公开中存在的问题,并提出了相应的对策。     

村官贿选及其遏制对策刍议

村官贿选祸害极大,通过立法把《关于加强和改进村民委员会选举工作的通知》的精神明确化、具体化、制度化是治标对策;培养和提高村民的民主意识是治本对策;遏制村官贿选,要标本兼治,多管齐下。     

Local likelihood tracking of fault lines and boundaries

We suggest locally parametric methods for estimating curves, such as boundaries of density supports or fault lines in response surfaces, in a variety of spatial problems. The methods are based on spatial approximations to the local likelihood that the curve passes through a given point in the plane, as a function of that point. The local likelihood might be a regular likelihood computed locally, with kernel weights (e.g. in the case of support boundary estimation) or a local version of a likelihood ratio statistic (e.g. in fault line estimation). In either case, the local likelihood surface represents a function which is relatively large near the target curve, and relatively small elsewhere. Therefore, the curve may be estimated as a ridge line of the surface; we require only a numerical algorithm for tracking the projection of a ridge into the plane. This approach offers several potential advantages over alternative methods. First, the local (log-)likelihood surface can be graphed, and the degree of 'ridginess' assessed visually, to determine how the level of local smoothing should be varied in different spatial locations in order to emphasize the ridge and hence the curve adequately. Secondly, the local likelihood surface does not need to be computed in anything like its entirety; once we have a reasonable approximation to a point on the curve we may track it by numerically 'walking along' the ridge line. Thirdly, the method is appropriate without change for many different types of spatial explanatory variables—gridded, stochastic or otherwise. Three examples are explored in detail; fault lines in response surfaces and in intensity or density surfaces, and boundaries of supports of probability densities.     

非线性协整的秩检验方法及其响应面函数研究

 本文对非线性协整关系的秩检验方法进行了系统的梳理,运用Monte Carlo模拟给出了不同样本容量的各个秩检验统计量的临界值,并进一步探讨了其响应面函数,给出了各个秩检验统计量临界值的近似计算公式。对中国上证综指与主要发达国家股指关系的秩协整检验表明,与传统线性协整Johansen检验相比,秩协整检验能够检测到更多的线性和非线性协整关系。     

论外汇推动型通货膨胀及其治理——兼评输入型通货膨胀假说

 对我国当前通货膨胀如何定性,是正确制定和实施宏观调控政策的重要前提。本文针对目前的一种主流观点,即将我国当前的通货膨胀定性为“输入型”的观点,提出了相左的看法。在此基础上,通过建立经济模型,并借助统计资料,从理论上论证了我国当前通货膨胀属于“外汇推动型”。以这一认识为前提,指出为了避免通货膨胀的“硬着陆”,防止在治理通货膨胀过程中导致国内经济受到伤害,有必要重新调整宏观调控措施。为此针对外汇推动型通货膨胀的特点,提出了若干“软着陆”的宏观调控措施的建议。     

Response effects to attitudinal questions about domestic violence against women: A comparative perspective

According to the national Demographic and Health Surveys (DHS), between 10% and 90% of women in poorer countries agree that domestic violence against women is justified. Such wide variation in women’s responses raises concerns about the comparability of the underlying attitudinal question, and the validity of comparative research that assumes comparability. Using 67 DHS conducted in 48 countries between 1995 and 2007, we explored whether cross-national variation in women’s affirmative responses to this question were explained by cross-national variation in survey design, socioeconomic conditions, or both. Variation in survey design had considerable predictive power and accounted for a non-trivial amount of the variance in women’s affirmative responses. Including the survey-design variables also modestly altered associations of the outcome with structural variables of interest in comparative studies. These findings offer insights about future analyses and data collections on women’s attitudes about domestic violence against women.     

Fruit safety regulations in the transatlantic region: How are Africa’s exports faring with the regulations?

The regulations of fruit trade for safe consumption are taken seriously in the EU and US markets to protect the health of the consumers, animals, plants and environmental safety, and thereby reduce health expenditures. The fruit safety regulations as trade policy measures could be either trade-promoting or -impeding. The extensiveness and intensiveness of fruit safety regulations in these markets often have consequences for exporters from Africa and their desire to attain sustainable economic development. The effects of fruit safety regulations are heterogeneous across economic agents. To this end, many stakeholders in Africa’s food system have perceived compliance with these food regulatory measures as necessary conditions to access the developed countries’ markets, particularly in the EU and US. Besides, the competitiveness of Africa’s fruit exports has been impacted by the preponderance of the measures despite its comparative advantages in the fruits sub-sector. Therefore, this study aims to investigate the impact of the EU and US sanitary and phytosanitary measures on Africa’s fruit exports. The empirical strategy involves the use of an augmented gravity model which explore the disentangling of these impact at the extensive and intensive margins of exports. Given the nature of trade data and specifically for this study, the zero trade flows are considered at both margins of exports for 45 African countries from 1995 to 2017. This study finds that the US market is more trade-impeding to Africa’s fruit exports than the EU market. Thus, Africa needs policies tweaking in the fruit value chain quality infrastructure, fruits’ quality and standards enforcement, capacity development, continuous update and modernisation of the fruits’ safety laws, directives and/or regulations. This will enhance the fruits’ quality to propel their access to the transatlantic markets.