罗蒂政治哲学:自由主义向实用主义妥协

对罗蒂的自由主义政治哲学进行评析可以发现其根本特点在于否定自由主义的理性主义基础,通过对罗尔斯新自由主义正义理论的曲解和裁剪,又在实用主义的前提下,把后现代主义和现代资产阶级的自由主义统一起来,他的自由主义政治哲学不但没有对自由主义这一西方主流政治哲学作出贡献,实际上是一种倒退,是一种实用主义和自由主义的杂烩。     

Disappointing and deviant youth and the rage of the elders

A generalized adult hostility toward youth derives from the complexities of the parent/child relationship, often mirrored in the helper/client and therapist/patient dyads. Parents derive considerable or little narcissistic gain from the accomplishments of their offspring, and conversely, are disappointed or even mortified by their failures. This is particularly true of narcissistically vulnerable parents—helpers and therapists as well—and accounts for widespread attitudes of competition, disparagement, and outright hostility toward young people. In the extreme, the pathological situations of emotional exploitation, incest, and physical abuse occur, but lesser forms of exploitation, such as personally gratifying advocacy, political gain, cultism, and enhancement of professional status, point to similar, but seemingly less destructive, forms of narcissistic gain. Youth may respond by conforming, defying, disappointing, and deviating. Adults may be either pleased, or enraged.     

论对罗蒂协同真理观的扬弃

罗蒂的协同真理观认为真理与价值相互渗透 ,对话、交流是探求真理的一种方式值得肯定和借鉴 ;而它否定真理的客观性和绝对性 ,主张一种主观的、相对的、多元的真理观是错误的。必须运用马克思主义哲学的真理理论对它进行扬弃。     

罗蒂对“心”的解构

罗蒂通过对心理现象标准的批判和当代心灵哲学关于心身问题回答的反驳,解构了心的概念,消解了传统的心身问题,因此罗蒂的哲学工作是治疗性的而非建设性的。在罗蒂看来,哲学家们关于心理现象的直观,不过是一种语言游戏的倾向而已。应当采取科学的尺度学会报导神经细胞的状态,而不是报导纯感觉状态。     

李提摩太在"丁戊奇荒"时期的赈灾活动

英国传教士李提摩太积极参与"丁戊奇荒"赈灾.在他看来,赈灾是手段,传教才是最终目的.他提出根除灾荒的开矿、修路等理念,实质是传播西方文明.他的赈灾行为,直接使灾民受益,赢得了灾民的尊敬.他亲临实地的灾情报告警醒了《申报》,在《申报》的报道中,李提摩太等西方人成为赈灾的榜样.他救灾的善举得到了清朝官员的承认与支持.日后李提摩太之所以能够广泛涉足中国政治,与他赈灾获得的社会声望密切相关.     

关于李提摩太“庚款”办学问题的思考

山西教案期间,李提摩太因势利导,退让赔款,创办学堂,既出于传播基督福音的理想主义追求,以实现其长期以来热衷于推行教育变革和创办现代大学的理想,又在于对人类民瘼福祉的关切,其所创办的山西大学堂,既打开了山西认识世界的窗口,又对山西教育近代化乃至中国近代大学的创立和发展起了积极的推动作用。     

Curtains and the Soft Architecture of the American Postwar Domestic Environment

ABSTRACT

This article investigates the role of “soft architecture” and interior effects—including window treatments, textiles, and electric lighting—in the physcial and social construction of the postwar domestic environment in the USA. In this period the American home became an increasingly visual and visible space, defined more by the view out and the view in than by traditional conditions of domestic enclosure. Popular how-to columns and home decoration articles offered homemakers a variety of mechanisms for sustaining the appearance and psychological comfort of the modern domestic setting. Examining a range of popular decorative strategies used to mediate residential picture windows and window walls, this study challenges the deep-seated cultural and disciplinary biases associated with both the design and study of domestic architecture and interiors. Drawing upon historical documents and contemporary theorizations of the interior, this paper argues for the agency of “soft architecture” in the domestication of modern residential architecture.     

MILK BARS,STARBUCKS AND THE USES OF LITERACY

The starting point for this article is the passage on ‘The Juke-Box Boys’ in Richard Hoggart's The Uses of Literacy. This passage is often cited as evidence of Hoggart's residual, Leavisite suspicion of mass culture and his nostalgia for more ‘authentic’ working-class culture. This article moves beyond this critique by discussing Hoggart's account in relation to the broader historical shifts signalled by the development of milk and coffee bars in postwar Britain, and their more recent replacement by corporate fast-food and coffee chains. It argues that Hoggart's critique was not simply a knee-jerk fear of the new; it fed into more widespread anxieties which long predate the media invention of the ‘teenager’ or the emergence of organized youth subcultures. These anxieties were not simply about mass culture and Americanization, but also about cultural literacy, class, the relationship between the public and private sphere, and the losses and gains of rising affluence – concerns that have been increasingly submerged in post-Thatcherite political culture.     

罗蒂本质上是一位保守主义者吗？

美国哲学家罗蒂的政治主张在中外学术界引起了大量争论。意见比较一致的是,罗蒂是哲学上的左派,其反传统知识论的立场非常彻底。对于罗蒂的政治主张“最低纲领的自由主义”到底隶属自由主义还是倒向了保守主义,大家看法不一。因为一方面罗蒂认为启蒙的政治谋划远未结束,另一方面,他又坚持认为资本主义制度的市场基础不可动摇,自由民主价值具有普遍价值。这种两面性使罗蒂的政治面孔变得模糊不清。揭开罗蒂的面纱,可以发现其激进的表述背后是保守主义的实质。