Behavioral evaluation of a state program of deinstitutionalization of the developmentally disabled

The purpose of this study was to evaluate one phase of a statewide program of deinstitutionalizing developmentally disabled individuals. Forty adults who had spent a minimum of six months in community placements were evaluated with respect to changes in behavior associated with movement out of state institutions and into community settings such as group homes and day activity centers. Pre- and post-deinstitutionalization measures were taken with the Behavior Development Survey. Post-deinstitutionalization measures on Cataldo and Risley's Resident Activity Manifest were compared to the same measures obtained on 159 developmentally disabled individuals scheduled for deinstitutionalization. A consistent pattern of positive changes on both instruments favored deinstitutionalization, but changes could not be unequivocally attributed to movement out of the institutions per se.     

Pragmatic decisions in the evaluation of consumer satisfaction with mental health treatment

This article examines pragmatic choices which must be made in conducting consumer satisfaction assessment of mental health treatment. It is argued that choices involving sample, format, and procedure for examining satisfaction may influence the results of such research, and must be considered when creating or evaluating these efforts. These choices are examined in detail.     

Evaluating employee assistance programs. A review of methods, outcomes, and future directions

Renewed interest in assisting troubled employees has led to an upsurge in the development of employee assistance programs, coupled with demands for demonstrable effectiveness. This review examines the nature and scope of these programs, their administrative and methodological context, and the types and outcomes of evaluation studies conducted thus far. Proposals for improving future investigations through a number of different approaches and strategies are then made.     

On the limiting properties of social indicators

Characteristics of the population and economic measures that constitute traditional social indicators are compared with more recent “quality of life” measures to demonstrate that social indicators are always value statements at the policy level. The possibility of alternative perspectives is illustrated. It is suggested that an awareness of the assumptions implicit in any given indicator is as important as the data they provide.     

Consumer trust in B2C e-Commerce and the importance of social presence: experiments in e-Products and e-Services

Reducing social uncertainty—understanding, predicting, and controlling the behavior of other people—is a central motivating force of human behavior. When rules and customs are not sufficient, people rely on trust and familiarity as primary mechanisms to reduce social uncertainty. The relative paucity of regulations and customs on the Internet makes consumer familiarity and trust especially important in the case of e-Commerce. Yet the lack of an interpersonal exchange and the one-time nature of the typical business transaction on the Internet make this kind of consumer trust unique, because trust relates to other people and is nourished through interactions with them.This study validates a four-dimensional scale of trust in the context of e-Products and revalidates it in the context of e-Services. The study then shows the influence of social presence on these dimensions of this trust, especially benevolence, and its ultimate contribution to online purchase intentions.     

从“嗑瓜子事件”看教师教育惩戒权规制

我国法律明确规定班主任有权采取适当方式批评教育学生，但对何谓适度并未作出清晰界定。因此，班主任批评教育学生时容易将惩戒越界为体罚，同时，因为缺乏评价标准，涉及惩罚学生的事件往往成为舆论热点。2014年底，湖南省娄底卫校某班主任因惩罚学生而引发的“嗑瓜子事件”，迅速成为网络热点，再次证明了规制教师教育惩戒权的必要性。应在坚持反对体罚的前提下，厘定“教育惩戒”与“变相体罚”两个概念的关系，并对教育惩戒权行使作详细规定。     

吉林省廉租房政策实施效果、存在问题及对策

立足于吉林省廉租房政策实施效果的全面调查数据,概述了吉林省廉租房政策实施效果,以独特的视角深入分析了廉租房政策推行过程中出现的一些亟需解决的共性问题,提出了针对性的解决对策。     

A Security Model and Legal Guarantee for Chinese Maritime Shipping: As Exemplified in the Response to Piracy along the 21st Century Maritime Silk Road

The Belt and Road Initiative is an important decision for the great rejuvenation of the Chinese nation. Maritime security has a significant place in this process. In recent years, there have been frequent violent terrorist incidents at sea, including piracy, armed hijackings and terrorist attacks, posing a dire threat to both international and Chinese maritime transport interests and seriously challenging the fulfillment of the maritime part of the “Belt and Road Initiative.” Five direct measures can be taken to protect ocean shipping from violence at sea. One example is the defensive measures taken against the Somali pirates. The employment of armed guards from professional security companies on board ship is an effective model for guaranteeing maritime security; it not only meets the standards of international law, but is also legally permitted in many developed countries and regions, and is thus strategically significant for overall Chinese maritime security. In the Chinese context, this model carries its own legal risks. We should embrace a new approach to national security law, strengthen legal guarantees and make concerted efforts to provide warship (military aircraft) escorts to jointly build an optimum model of Chinese maritime security in order to ensure the realization of core Chinese maritime interests.     

构建开放型经济新体制打造大连市对外开放新优势

改革开放以来，大连市确立并坚持实施“外向牵动”、“开放引领”等经济发展战略，逐步形成了全方位多层次宽领域的对外开放格局，初步建立起开放型经济体系。依托这一体系，全市国际贸易快速发展，出口商品结构不断优化，境外投资持续增加，服务贸易逐渐扩大。大连市要引导开放向纵深发展，必须在强化原有重点园区开放效应的基础上，抓住自由贸易区建设的机遇，构建对外开放新平台，促成梯次开放格局。“构建开放型经济新体制”是党的十八届三中全会部署的改革重点任务之一。大连市如何立足区位优势，抢抓战略机遇，进一步优化投资和贸易管理体制，建立健全相关政策体系，培育有序、透明、法治化的营商环境，引导开放向纵深发展，赢取对外开放的新优势，成为大连市全面落实三中全会改革部署的重要任务。