生命周期理论与中国农村妇女的生命文化周期探构

20世纪后半叶,生命周期理论被广泛推广到经济社会的各个行业领域和各种职业人生的规划。中国是一个人口和土地面积大国,行政、地理、历史、文化区域交错,各个区域妇女的生存发展状况总体有共同性,但不同区域有所不同。农村妇女的生命周期与家庭紧密联系,以家庭生命周期理论作为主要参考,可以发现20世纪40年代出生的目前是60～70岁农村妇女和20世纪60年代出生的目前是45～55岁农村妇女的生命周期各为八个阶段。分析其特点,带有明显的时代特征。     

Revisiting the model of creative destruction: St. Jacobs,Ontario, a decade later

Ten years ago, the model of creative destruction was developed to predict the fate of communities that base their development on the commodification of rural heritage (Mitchell, C.J.A., 1998. Entrepreneurialism, commodification and creative destruction: a model of post-modern community development. Journal of Rural Studies 14, 273–286). Its application to the village of St. Jacobs, Canada, demonstrated that entrepreneurial investment had fostered the creation of a setting for aestheticized consumption. In this paper we demonstrate that creative destruction has continued to unfold in the village over the course of the past decade. The evolutionary path taken is assessed in light of current literature on rural space. It is concluded that to fully understand the transformative process, one must integrate the demands of myriad sub-cultures, whose social relations, ideologies and actions will contribute to the development of a contested landscape of consumption. This finding necessitates that modifications be made to the model and its various stages. The most significant is recognition that the “heritage-scape” is an interim state of landscape change; one that displaces the productivist landscape of the industrial period, and precedes the creation of the “neo-productivist” leisure-scape of post-industrialism. Whether or not such a “final” state is achieved is dictated by the power struggle that inevitably arises amongst sub-cultures engaged in the transformation of rural space.     

儿童文学与上海出版业的渊源

上海为什么会成为中国儿童文学的摇篮?儿童文学在中国上海的出现是历史的必然选择还是一种意外收获?本文将着重从西法印刷、晚清传教士办报以及商务印书馆和中华书局的创建,考察早期著名儿童刊物的创刊、早期重要儿童文学论著的出版,解析上海近现代出版业的兴起与儿童文学的渊源,探寻儿童文学在中国发生、发展的坎坷之路。     

中国农村养老模式研究综述——基于CSSCI期刊(2000~2013)的研究

老龄事业是全面建设小康社会和实现中华民族伟大复兴中国梦的重要方面,未富先老、未备先老、抚养比高是我国农村进入老龄化社会的主要矛盾,而养老模式的合理建构是应对老龄化的突破口,引发学界高度关注。基于中文社会科学引文索引(CSSCI)2000²013年期刊文章,分析和梳理学界对养老模式有价值的探讨,从而为顶层政策设计和地方发挥裁量权提供理论和现实依据。由一元向多元发展是我国养老模式的必然趋势。家庭养老、社区居家养老、社会养老以及多层次的养老是养老相关主要模式。现有研究视角涉及多个学科,以发展何种养老模式为重点和养老模式如何组合是学者研究探讨的重点。未来养老保障基本围绕家庭养老为主体、社区居家为依托展开,而社会化养老是必然趋势。在养老模式的具体层面、统筹层面、价值层面、制度文化建设等方面有进一步拓展的空间。     

Influence of urban landscape structure on bird fauna: a case study across seasons in the city of Valencia (Spain)

Studies on bird fauna of urban environments have had a long history, but the potential of studies mapping the distribution of birds in cities probably has not fully developed. The bird fauna of the municipality of Valencia (Spain) was studied to determine the influence of urbanization on bird species richness and abundance. Birds were censused during winter and the breeding season of years 1997–1998 in 197 squares measuring 49 ha each from a rural and an urbanized area. Across seasons the number of species decreased around 40% in the city compared with the rural landscape surrounding it. Such pattern could be attributed to the low number of farmland species capable to use the habitats inside the city, and the limited ability of urban parks in attracting woodland species. In the urban landscape, the influence of the dimensions and spatial arrangement of habitat patches was outweighed by the amount of each habitat per square. Bird richness and the abundance of most species were negatively related with the amount of built-up habitat per square and positively with the amount of urban parks, and of habitat diversity. Conversely, bird fauna was largely independent of mean park size per square especially during winter, indicating that at the landscape scale even small patches of habitat could play an ecological role. Conservation of urban bird diversity could benefit of two complementary strategies: (i) the protection of the surrounding rural landscape from urban development; (ii) habitat enhancement within the city. Particularly, a proper design and habitat management of urban parks could improve their suitability for urban bird fauna.     

山西省农村初中体育游戏教育应用现状及对策研究——以太原市为例

运用文献资料、问卷调查、数理统计等方法,从太原市农村初中体育教师在体育教学中应用体育游戏的情况、学生参加体育游戏的现状、影响体育教师在体育教学中应用体育游戏的因素等方面,对太原市农村初中体育教学中体育游戏应用现状进行调查与分析,并针对存在问题,提出合理建议。     

社会转型对农村籍大学生的成才影响

来自农村的大学生有着与来自城市不尽相同的人生经历和社会背景,在日常学习和生活中关注他们的思想动态,根据当前社会条件对他们进行教育引导,促进他们的健康成长,是构建社会主义和谐社会对高校教育提出的时代要求。通过分析在这个特定历史阶段下农村大学生在学习方式、生活模式、心理健康、择业就业等方面受到的影响,有针对性地就农村大学生的角色调适性提出相应的建议。     

我国农村居民生育意愿转变分析

农村居民生育意愿真正开始转变是在全国推行计划生育以后,目前已发生了极大的转变,主要特征是:以期望生育两个孩子且一男一女为主流意识,还有相当比例自愿只生一个,"多子多福"观念基本没有市场,对孩子质量的追求正在替代对数量的追求。生育意愿转变的标准不应是生育政策,而应以符合可持续发展理念的要求为标准。     

A comparison of Japanese failure models: Hybrid neural networks,logit models,and discriminant analysis

This article looks at the ability of a relatively new technique, hybrid artificial neural networks (ANNs), to predict Japanese banking and firm failures. These models are compared with traditional statistical techniques and conventional ANN models. The results suggest that hybrid neural networks outperform all other models in predicting failure for one year prior to the event. This suggests that for researchers, policymakers, and others interested in early warning systems, the hybrid network may be a useful tool for predicting banking and firm failures.     

商事信用的基本理论框架：人格信用与财产信用的同质与异步

商事信用的类型问题是研究商事信用理论的重要环节 ,而其中人格信用与财产信用的互动与同质构成商事信用最基本的理论框架。在商事信用的范畴研究中 ,来自于人格本性的价值尊严是支持商事信用实现的深层哲学依据。但是商事信用的现实性完全颠倒了“人”与“物”的主从关系 ,从而使商事信用在理论研究与法律实践中造成了重大误解和混乱 ,此亦为本文试图解决之重大问题。