孙悟空的名号与《西游记》的主旨

《西游记》中,孙悟空的名号有一个美猴王-孙悟空-弼马温-齐天大圣-孙行者-斗战胜佛的变化,亦可称之为心与魔之间相交的变化。二者相交反映着孙悟空的心路历程,即求心-束心-放心-收心-正心的过程,而这也正是小说的主旨。且心魔相交之说在《西游记》主旨探求过程中始终是一条重要支脉而延绵不断,这与晚明大行其道的心学思潮有着紧密关联。     

Reversed preservation of stochastic orders for random minima and maxima with applications

In this paper, reversed preservation properties of right spread order, total time on test order and increasing convex (concave) order when taking random minima and maxima are developed. In this context, reversed preservation properties of some ageing concepts are investigated under parallel (series) systems which are composed of a random number of i.i.d. components. Some applications in reliability and economics are given.     

New imperfect rankings models for ranked set sampling

Ranked set sampling is a sampling approach that leads to improved statistical inference in situations where the units to be sampled can be ranked relative to each other prior to formal measurement. This ranking may be done either by subjective judgment or according to an auxiliary variable, and it need not be completely accurate. In fact, results in the literature have shown that no matter how poor the quality of the ranking, procedures based on ranked set sampling tend to be at least as efficient as procedures based on simple random sampling. However, efforts to quantify the gains in efficiency for ranked set sampling procedures have been hampered by a shortage of available models for imperfect rankings. In this paper, we introduce a new class of models for imperfect rankings, and we provide a rigorous proof that essentially any reasonable model for imperfect rankings is a limit of models in this class. We then describe a specific, easily applied method for selecting an appropriate imperfect rankings model from the class.     

Inferences on correlation coefficients: One-sample,independent and correlated cases

This article concerns inference on the correlation coefficients of a multivariate normal distribution. Inferential procedures based on the concepts of generalized variables (GVs) and generalized p$p$-values are proposed for elements of a correlation matrix. For the simple correlation coefficient, the merits of the generalized confidence limits and other approximate methods are evaluated using a numerical study. The study indicates that the proposed generalized confidence limits are uniformly most accurate even for samples as small as three. The results are extended for comparing two independent correlations, overlapping and non-overlapping dependent correlations. For each problem, the properties of the GV approach and other asymptotic methods are evaluated using Monte Carlo simulation. The GV approach produces satisfactory results for all the problems considered. The methods are illustrated using a few practical examples.     

Wavelet goodness-of-fit test for dependent data

We introduce a new goodness-of-fit test which can be applied to hypothesis testing about the marginal distribution of dependent data. We derive a new test for the equivalent hypothesis in the space of wavelet coefficients. Such properties of the wavelet transform as orthogonality, localisation and sparsity make the hypothesis testing in wavelet domain easier than in the domain of distribution functions. We propose to test the null hypothesis separately at each wavelet decomposition level to overcome the problem of bi-dimensionality of wavelet indices and to be able to find the frequency where the empirical distribution function differs from the null in case the null hypothesis is rejected. We suggest a test statistic and state its asymptotic distribution under the null and under some of the alternative hypotheses.     

On the Erasure of race in control culture discourse: a case study of Trayvon Martin’s role in the Black Lives Matter movement

ABSTRACT

In this paper, we analyze an emergent cultural clash between: (a) how media outlets and other control culture institutions have portrayed events related to Black Lives Matter, and (b) the complex reality of Black Lives Matter movements as they have developed through embodied, intersectional, and always socially situated forms of direct collective action. In focusing specifically on American mainstream media coverage of the killing of Trayvon Martin, we argue that, given the history of white supremacy in America, such journalistic accounts generally fail to provide an adequate socio-historical context for emergent social movements in the vein of Black Lives Matter. In framing such movements, at worst, as anti-American terrorist organizations, though more regularly as social constellations of misplaced anger, American control culture institutions have consistently reinforced a certain set of logical contradictions found across broader discussions about race throughout the history of America. Finally, drawing on the theory of play proposed by Gregory Bateson, we outline how a form of subverting mainstream journalistic framing techniques is enacted and embodied creativity through the communally oriented tactics successfully deployed by social movements like Black Lives Matter.     

INSIGHTS ON SERVICE SYSTEM DESIGN FROM A NORMAL APPROXIMATION TO ERLANG'S DELAY FORMULA

We show how a simple normal approximation to Erlang's delay formula can be used to analyze capacity and staffing problems in service systems that can be modeled as M/M/s queues. The numbers of servers, s, needed in an M/M/s queueing system to assure a probability of delay of, at most, p can be well approximated by s ≅ p + z_***I-p+, where z_1-p, is the (1 - p)th percentile of the standard normal distribution and ρ, the presented load on the system, is the ratio of Λ, the customer arrival rate, to μ, the service rate. We examine the accuracy of this approximation over a set of parameters typical of service operations ranging from police patrol, through telemarketing to automatic teller machines, and we demonstrate that it tends to slightly underestimate the number of servers actually needed to hit the delay probability target—adding one server to the number suggested by the above formula typically gives the exact result. More importantly, the structure of the approximation promotes operational insight by explicitly linking the number of servers with server utilization and the customer service level. Using a scenario based on an actual teleservicing operation, we show how operations managers and designers can quickly obtain insights about the trade-offs between system size, system utilization and customer service. We argue that this little used approach deserves a prominent role in the operations analyst's and operations manager's toolbags.     

论非专利技术的转让

非专利技术在技术转让中占有越来越重要的地位,其表现形式的多样化、内容的广泛性以及不受时间、空间限制的特点都使其较之专利技术更为有实用价值。非专利技术是以占有人采取保密的形式而形成事实上的独占资产。因而,在技术转让中,合同成为其唯一获得法律保护的途径。本文从非专利技术的产权确定、价格形成的依据以及非专利技术的保密等方面作了论述,说明非专利技术存在的价值以及在转让中应注意的问题。