American income inequality across economic and geographic space, 1970–2010

This analysis examines the spatial clustering of income inequality and its socioeconomic correlates at the meso-scale over the past four decades. Cluster analysis is used to group N = 3078 counties into five inequality clusters; and multinomial logistic regression is used to assess the effects of socioeconomic correlates. High and extreme inequality places are concentrated in large metropolitan centers, high amenity rural areas, and parts of the Great Plains and Mountain West. They tend to have better socioeconomic outcomes, with fewer at-risk populations, higher incomes, lower poverty, and greater economic participation. Unequal places are more specialized in high-skill finance and professional services, and in energy-based mining. By contrast, equality places are associated with low-skill services, education and health services, manufacturing, and stable farm economies.     

Resolving Mobility Constraints Impeding Rural Seniors' Access to Regionalized Services

Rural and small town places in developed economies are aging. While attention has been paid to the local transportation needs of rural seniors, fewer researchers have explored their regional transportation needs. This is important given policies that have reduced and regionalized many services and supports. This article explores mobility constraints impeding rural seniors' access to regionalized services using the example of northern British Columbia. Drawing upon several qualitative studies, we explore geographical, maintenance, organizational, communication, human resources, infrastructure, and financial constraints that affect seniors' regional mobility. Our findings indicate that greater coordination across multiple government agencies and jurisdictions is needed and more supportive policies and resources must be in place to facilitate a comprehensive regional transportation strategy. In addition to discussing the complexities of these geographies, the article identifies innovative solutions that have been deployed in northern British Columbia to support an aging population. This research provides a foundation for developing a comprehensive understanding of the key issues that need to be addressed to inform strategic investments in infrastructure and programs that support the regional mobility and, hence, healthy aging of rural seniors.     

Memories of Conflict and Present-Day Struggles in Europe: New Tensions between Corporatism,Class, and Social Movements

This lecture addresses the connection between the production in the present of particular memories of the past and the ability to frame present-day conflicts in ways that render certain possibilities legitimate while excluding others. Through the ethnographic material I have gathered during my career I will show how different projects of the future (personal and collective) appeal to memories of conflict that link responsibilities and generations at different scales. Taking as my object of observation the transformations in economic relations in a heavy industrial region of northwestern Spain I will trace the connections between the languages and practices of contention, the reconfigured structures of production and governance, and the production of diverse memories (and silences) of conflict. Diverse memories produce struggles framed in class terms, or struggles framed in terms of corporatist interests, or in terms of contingently defined social claims. Through this often ambivalent delimitation of conflicts between past and present, the field of possible futures gets configured and with it the spectrum of possible political action.     

Pushed or Pulled? Women's Entry into Self‐Employment and Small Business Ownership

Over the past two decades the economies of Canada and many other industrialized countries have seen significant restructuring, bringing with it steadily rising levels of self‐employment and small business ownership. Women have been at the forefront of this change. Of the many questions raised by women's entrance into self‐employment, a central one concerns the factors fuelling its growth. While some argue that women have been pulled into self‐employment by the promise of independence, flexibility and the opportunity to escape barriers in paid employment, others argue that women have been pushed into it as restructuring and downsizing has eroded the availability of once secure jobs in the public and private sector. To date, existing research on the ‘push–pull’ debate has not fully answered; these questions, with survey and labour force data suggesting only general and sometimes contradictory, trends. This article examines this issue in greater detail, drawing on in‐depth interviews with 61 self‐employed women in Canada. Overall their experiences shed further light on the expansion of women's self‐employment in the 1990s, suggesting push factors have been underestimated and challenging the current contours of the ‘push–pull’ debate.     

辽宁国有企业改制善后资金的筹措问题——资本市场融资角度的分析

国企改制善后资金的筹措问题能否很好地解决,不仅会影响改制进程,甚至会影响社会稳定。国企改制所需的善后资金不可能全部由政府和企业负责,需要多渠道、多途径加以筹措解决。本文结合辽宁国有企业改制的实际情况,拟从资本市场融资的角度探讨筹集国企改制善后资金的可行性和相关对策。     

创新型城市的知识集散效应

显示城市转型的主要观察点是其核心功能演变。当代创新型城市的核心功能正由商品集散、工业集散、资本集散等转向知识集散。知识集散是一个知识集聚、创新与扩散的循环累积过程。这可通过AID模型加以刻画并运用样本城市数据予以实证。     

论国企改制后经营者续用原国有中华老字号的法律问题

20世纪90年代中期以来,许多中华老字号企业在股权改制后纷纷受到延续使用原国有老字号的资格问题、范围问题和价值转让等问题的困扰。面对这些问题,应当将字号权纳入知识产权法律保护体系,在考虑对中华老字号进行类似于驰名商标的特殊保护的同时,科学评估老字号的无形财产价值,不断推动字号与商标的一体化。     

三峡库区农村劳动力转移研究

文章以三峡库区万州为研究对象,在对整个区域及乡镇实地调查的基础上,结合土地利用总体规划的成果,分析了万州区农村剩余劳动力转移的现状、特征与制约因素。结果表明,区域内经济落后、自然条件差、产业空虚是造成农村劳动力大量异地流动的主要原因。大量青壮年劳力的外移,又引发了农村缺乏现代化建设的生力军,并不可避免地出现留守儿童等负面影响。随着库区农业产业化结构的调整,小城镇建设的加速,新农村建设和农业产业化的带动,区域内农村劳动力迁移不断发生新的变化,转移的渠道和途径呈现出多元化特征。     

我国债务重组会计准则变更对上市公司的影响

文章实证分析了与2001年债务重组准则相比,2006年债务重组准则的变更,重组公司利用债务重组收益扭亏为盈动机发生的变化及其来源。研究结果发现,2006年债务重组准则变更后,上市公司利用债务重组收益扭亏为盈保住上市资质的盈余管理动机增强了,盈余管理动机增强主要源自*ST公司的债务重组行为,基于整个沪市A股证券市场,这种经济后果不具有普遍性和严重性。通过对研究结果进一步分析,文章认为我国2006年债务重组准则的变更整体上具有合理性。     

开放经济下中国产业结构调整研究

开放型经济是指商品、资本及劳动力等生产要素跨越国界流动的经济。随着经济全球化的发展,走开放型经济模式成为世界各国未来发展本国经济的必由之路。我国当前在总量规模扩张的同时,也正面临着严峻的结构性调整,在开放经济下研究产业结构调整具有十分重要的现实意义。只有在扩大和深化对外开放的过程中加快产业结构调整与升级的步伐;通过产业结构重组才能建立起真正开放的经济运行体系,促进经济全面协调发展。