交汇契合与并行发展——探寻高等师范教育改革与基础教育改革的共同之路

基础教育与高等师范教育是人才成长的摇篮,而且是教育的两个不同等级的环节.基础教育对中小学生基本素质的形成与知识能力的培养起着不可替代的作用,基础教育质量的提高取决于中小学教师质量的提高;高等师范教育及高等师范院校是学生素质提升与能力提高的关键时期,高等师范教育的目标是为基础教育服务,双方的合作与交流是成功培养人才的需求和必由之路.     

解决跨国劳动力养老保险权益可携性问题的国际经验借鉴

随着经济全球化不断深入,劳动力跨国流动将越来越频繁,反过来它将有助于全球经济合作和一体化。对跨国劳动力进行社会保护的重要性由此也更加突出,其中解决好养老保险权益可携性问题将可以实现劳动力输出国、输入国和劳动者之间的三赢。全球不同国家已经对跨国劳动力的养老保险问题做出规定,并在多边或双边层次上展开合作,已经取得了一些较好的经验。我国作为一个劳动力资源大国和经济大国,劳动力跨国流动的规模将不断扩大,也需要高度重视跨国养老权益的保护。     

少数民族高考加分政策的公正性探究

少数民族高考加分政策实施多年,其公正性屡遭质疑,根本原因在于对该政策的根据缺乏深入而系统的认识。事实上,理性约定和平等原则构成其法律基础,循环累积因果论和帕累托最优为其提供经济学上的理论依据,唯有从这两方面厘清该政策的正当性根据,方可消除种种分歧以及在执行和实施过程中的异化和不合理现象。     

An emerging transnational industrial relations? Exploring the prospects for cross‐border labour bargaining

Global union federations (GUFs) and multinational enterprises (MNEs) have been concluding “international framework agreements” (IFAs) to protect their interests amidst the globalizing economic landscape. By modelling the underlying bargaining processes, the authors show that IFAs can be expected when both sides exhibit risk aversion, although the agreement will favour the less risk‐averse side. Since globalization has created fewer vulnerabilities for MNEs than for GUFs, IFAs have so far typically delivered only minimal benefits for labour. But this should change in the future if strengthened transnational union capacities and abilities to threaten MNEs with reputational costs bring greater equalization of attitudes towards risk.     

Agreement and discrepancy between children,parents, and social workers on school‐based effort avoidance in child welfare services

A multiperspective approach is beneficial for obtaining reliable and multifaceted pictures of child behaviour problems. The goal of the present study is to examine interrater agreement on school‐based effort avoidance between children receiving child welfare services, parents, and social workers. Given previous findings, interrater agreement is expected to be low. Self‐reported data on school‐based effort avoidance were gathered for children and adolescents in child welfare services. Additionally, social workers (using the Teacher‐Report Checklist for social and learning behaviour) and parents (using the parallel version of the self‐rating questionnaire on school‐based effort avoidance) were asked to complete an external assessment tool to compare children's perspectives with the ratings of significant adults. The results confirmed significant discrepancies between parents' and children's ratings on effort avoidance tendencies. Furthermore, there were only small to moderate correlations between children's self‐ratings and the adults' assessments; however, the consensus between adults was higher than the interrater agreement between children and social workers. Discrepancies in ratings from multiple informants underline the importance of integrating multiple perspectives, especially children's perspectives, in the diagnostic process in order to plan and adapt appropriate care and treatment.     

论WTO《SPS协定》“适用地区”条款及我国的对策

WTO《实施卫生与植物卫生措施协定》(Agreement on the Application of Sanitary and Phytosani-tary Measures,简称SPS协定)第六条"适应地区条件"将地区划分为"疫病非疫区"和"低度流行区",由于该条在解释上留有一定的弹性并且国际社会缺乏统一的规范文件,致使适用时出现了许多问题。该条规定的价值取向是既要保护本国或地区内的人员或动植物免受其他地区病虫害之威胁,又要促进成员方国际贸易的发展。要同时实现这两种目标,建立病虫害非疫区并赋予成员方根据其适当保护水平之需要确定合适的贸易地区之权利不失为一种可行的办法。我国应以SPS委员会的各项相关制度为根据,加强与相关国际组织的联系,积极研究我国主要农产品进出口成员之卫生和植物卫生状况和适当保护水平,在此基础上完善对病虫害非疫区或低度流行区承认的法律制度,促进我国对外贸易的发展。     

涉外民事诉讼中管辖协议的效力认定简

协议管辖是意思自治原则在国际民事诉讼中的具体体现。在协议管辖制度下,当事人之间是否订立了管辖协议,是确定受诉法院管辖权的一个重要考量因素。而如何认定涉外民商事合同中管辖协议的效力,是其中的核心问题。涉外管辖协议的有效性必须满足形式要件和实质要件的要求。分析国际公约对管辖协议的要件要求能够对比出我国的相关法律规定存在的不足,在此基础上结合协议管辖的发展趋势对我国的协议管辖制度提出完善建议。     

控股股权交易中控股股东的义务——以控制权溢价为视角

控制权溢价是指用来购买公司控股股权而支付的超过非控股股权转让价格以上的价格部分,其存在已为经济学的实证研究所证实。控股股权交易(协议转让)原则上不需公司有权机关批准,包含控制权溢价在内的转让价格由交易双方商定,对公司和其他股东的权益产生重大影响。控股股权协议转让中控股股东的诚信义务可具体化为调查义务、信息披露义务,以及特定情形下的忠实义务,义务的违反直接导致与控制权溢价归属相关的法律后果。我国应针对控制权溢价存在的事实,对上市公司协议收购中的控股股东课以具体的诚信义务形式。     

论TRIPS背景下我国知识产权的保护

知识产权保护制度的根本目的是鼓励创新 ,而不仅仅是保护财产。知识产权将不仅是WT0内部最主要的利益争端 ,也将是发展中国家与发达国家利益冲突的第一焦点。本文从TRIPS背景下司法实践的角度出发 ,探讨了如何在最大限度保护权利人利益的同时更好地维护公众利益 ,并提出了一些符合民族利益的学理主张。     

TRIPS协定与中国专利的法律保护

中国现行专利法与TRIPS协定在专利权人的权利保护方面基本一致。中国专利的法律保护,要充分重视专利优先权和发明专利临时保护措施的适用,从立法上确认商业专利,从新的视角审视专利许可制度,以及外观设计和实用新型专利的保护问题。在当前,发展专利事业要慎防发达国家借专利之手搞技术标准垄断。专利审判工作要适应WTO规则的要求和实践发展的需要,慎重采用诉前停止侵犯知识产权措施,尤其要公平合理地确定侵权损害赔偿数额。