认知语境对语法语用过程的制约作用

人们交际过程中离不开对语法结构的选择。语言交际中的语用推理过程实际上是人们在语境的参与下完成交际的的心理过程。文章在分析认知语境概念的基础上运用认知语境理论对静态的语法的主要五个层面进行了动态的语用研究 ,认为认知语境对语法结构的选择及其隐性意义的确定起着动态的语用制约作用 ,具有很强的认知阐释力。     

动词直接作定语的界定及分析

对动词直接作定语作了界定 ,认为界定的主要依据是确定该结构为偏正结构 ,且该结构中的前一个词语具有动词功能。在此基础上 ,从动词的内部结构、动词的音节结构、所修饰名词的语义特点以及动词与名词的紧密程度等入手 ,就动词直接作定语的偏正结构所具有的特点进行了分析 ,并阐释了形成这些特点的主要原因。     

The performativity of surveys: Teenagers’ meaning-making of the 'Health Behavior in School-aged Children Survey' in Sweden

The Health Behaviour in School-Aged Children survey contains scales intended to measure life satisfaction, mental health problems and socioeconomic status. This article takes inspiration from science and technology studies and analyse the survey as performative. It also examines subjective meaning-making through an analysis of interviews with 15-year-old teenagers. It shows how the survey enacts the subject position of an accountable teenager and how teenagers experience the survey as sending a message about how one should live. While some teenagers experience this as positive, others narrate feelings of shame. This could be interpreted as a way for them to be accountable for themselves.     

语言构式的部分能产性问题再探——汉语“很+NP”构式的认知解释

汉语中"很+NP"结构是一个典型的高程度性状义构式。构式的部分能产性基于范畴属性的归纳,其认知机制是非范畴化的。某个具体名词一旦进入"很+NP"构式,这个名词的意义就会遵循它所嵌入的构式的意义,条件是该名词具有可被激活的表示程度性状义的语义因子。构式指示语义类型、构式强制提供了词汇项产生语义类型转变的条件,以保证相应的语义因子获得合适的论元。进入"很+NP"构式的名词都含有该构式所在的具体语境的语义因子,整个过程是以认知语言学的凸显原则为基础的。     

THE END OF THE ART CONNOISSEUR? EXPERTS AND KNOWLEDGE PRODUCTION IN THE VISUAL ARTS IN THE DIGITAL AGE

In this digital age, declarations surface of the death of the expert and the democratization of information. Crowd wisdom is seen as the new guide in constructing and evaluating knowledge. In the context of the art world, this tension between the amateurs and the experts becomes particularly pronounced as popular meets high culture. Questions arise such as: what is the role of the expert in the evaluation of art in contemporary times? Do social media dismantle age-old hierarchies and established priesthoods in the art world? And can we assume that mass participation in valuation results in better judgments? This article addresses such popular notions of participation and expertise concerning social media in the art world through a historical lens by re-examining and positioning art experts from past to present. Particularly, characteristics of intermediaries in the art market are examined closely regarding their strategies in knowledge production and the establishment of expertise. This historical situatedness enables us to move beyond the hype of new media expectations, generating more appropriate avenues of investigation to better grasp possible changes amongst actors within the contemporary art world. This examination is not just theoretically relevant but practically so, given current pressures on art institutions to embrace and reach out to new audiences online.     

句法结构的语义自然性及其认知理据

句法结构的语义自然性是指语言的句法构造符合人们的认知模式,即句法结构和人们的经验结构、思维模式以及思维惯势之间有一定的对应性;语义自然性主要由三个方面体现出来:认知常态自然性侧重于句法结构中的词语分布与人们大脑中的事物分布认知模式和层级认知模式相吻合;范畴典型自然性表明一个句法结构范畴中的典型具有人们对该范畴的最佳语感期待值,因而有较好的语义自然性;分布普遍自然性则显示语义自然性高的句法结构在使用时通常限制较少,其结构转换性和结构类推性或能产性也相应要高得多.     

给予类动词的双及物构式

构式语法理论认为,来自生活体验的给与行为是双及物构式的认知基础,物质世界的给予类动词双及物构式(VNN construction)是各种双及物构式的原型.本文从这一理论出发,通过分析中英文不同的语言构式,揭示双及物构式都是受VNN构式的制约,并且构式的配价不是由动词决定的而是由构式决定的.     

论英语使役结构与“投射”

基于系统功能语言学对英语使役结构的相关研究以及"投射"理论.本文对"以施动者为中心"的英语使役结构与投射结构进行了辨析讨论.通过分析,我们发现,两者紧密相连而又有相异之处.由情感使役动词(如frighten)、使役关系动词(如guarantee)、认知使役动词(如remind)体现过程的使役结构可包含事实嵌入投射或主从观点投射充当结构成分,但另一方面,这些类型的使役结构又与主从述说投射结构相区别;我们需根据"使因"成分以及结构所在的上下文对使役意义的表达做出正确判断.     

主题结构的标记性考察--基于情境植入的典型特征束思路

以往主题结构研究主要关注主题表现,其述题特征以及认知情境因素的制约作用没有受到重视,不同主题结构的标记性以及跨语言异同尚无一致认识.运用认知语法的情境植入观,结合认知类型学的标记性分析思路,提出主题结构考察的典型特征束思路,在结构、话语和认知层面分别提取主题和述题的典型特征加以比较,为主题结构的标记性考察提供新视角.     

高校系资料室信息资源的建设

高校系资料室应重视完善传统的纸质文献资源，建构新的数字信息资源库，建立教师业绩信息库、教学档案信息库，开发专业期刊信息资源，形成院系特色信息资源。