身份认同与心理错位——基于高校“第二类贫困生”的实证研究

对长沙市高校贫困生群体进行抽样调查,结果发现高校“第二类贫困生”发生了自我认知偏差、态度偏激、行为偏执、人际关系偏离、排斥感趋强等表象特征的心理错位现象。身份认同是影响他们心理错位的一个重要因子。     

信息化需要再简化一些汉字

文章回顾了《汉字简化方案》成功经验,《二简》失败教训。适应信息化,全面整理汉字应当包括解决138个“电脑字”,编好对历史负责的《规范汉字表》。提出整理汉字的对象范围、方法途径及要兼顾的注意事项。     

抗战时期中共在国统区高校的力量发展

抗战时期,中共在国统区高校的力量发展,根据国共关系的变化,分为前后两个阶段。在抗战前期,国共关系相对融洽,中共大多采取＂公开＂、＂合法＂的形式发展力量,开展轰轰烈烈的抗日救亡宣传运动。国民党五届五中全会以后,尤其是＂皖南事变＂以后,国共关系急剧恶化,中共不得不采取隐蔽与潜伏的策略。中共在国统区高校播下的革命种子,在抗战胜利后迅速壮大,很快形成了反对国民党统治的＂第二条战线＂,为解放战争的胜利作出了巨大贡献。     

Kernel estimators for the second order parameter in extreme value statistics

We develop and study in the framework of Pareto-type distributions a general class of kernel estimators for the second order parameter ρ$\rho$, a parameter related to the rate of convergence of a sequence of linearly normalized maximum values towards its limit. Inspired by the kernel goodness-of-fit statistics introduced in Goegebeur et al. (2008), for which the mean of the normal limiting distribution is a function of ρ$\rho$, we construct estimators for ρ$\rho$ using ratios of ratios of differences of such goodness-of-fit statistics, involving different kernel functions as well as power transformations. The consistency of this class of ρ$\rho$ estimators is established under some mild regularity conditions on the kernel function, a second order condition on the tail function 1−F of the underlying model, and for suitably chosen intermediate order statistics. Asymptotic normality is achieved under a further condition on the tail function, the so-called third order condition. Two specific examples of kernel statistics are studied in greater depth, and their asymptotic behavior illustrated numerically. The finite sample properties are examined by means of a simulation study.     

“小二胎”：内涵、特征、成因及启示——基于江西省T村的实证分析

本文利用一个村庄的个案访谈与统计资料探讨了农村新近出现的“小二胎”现象的内涵、特征与成因。结果表明,一、二胎生育间隔大于等于7年的“小二胎”大量涌现,其中计划外生育占据多数,且随着间隔的拉长其所占比重更大。与此相对应的是生育妇女以30岁以上的大龄妇女为主。作为农民的理性选择．“小二胎”是农民在内在动机与外在条件共同交织下的合力结果．其中农民的生育意愿是核心,基层计生环境的放松为诱因,家庭经济条件的改善为此提供了经济基础。希望本研究能从微观视角为思考我国计生政策的下一步走向提供一些启发。     

文学视域中的美国南方"二等公民"——以福克纳的创作为例

从内战结束获得自由开始,至20世纪70年代,美国黑人的权益在南方社会遭到多方面的限制和剥夺。美国作家福克纳的小说形象地反映了这个问题。他从法定权益、政治生活、经济活动等方面表现黑人的"二等公民"地位以及由此产生的"二等公民"意识。福克纳的创作表达了他对黑人群体的同情,批判了种族主义文化,但也反映出他在种族问题上的某些局限性。     

第二次世界大战对苏联人口状况的影响

第二次世界大战期间为了赢得战争胜利,苏联付出了惨重的人口代价。战争对苏联人口状况产生了深刻的影响,不仅加重了战前已存在的人口危机程度,而且对居民的身体健康状况、结婚率和家庭规模造成了更深程度的破坏。战后流行病大规模爆发,出生率下降、死亡率上升,性别比例、年龄结构严重失衡,人口数量大幅减少,并持续数十年,为20世纪90年代初俄罗斯爆发的人口危机埋下了隐患。     

The power(lessness) of Czechoslovak Jews during the Second World War

The article evaluates the perceptions of Jewish power among the Czechoslovak exiles in Britain during the Second World War. The analysis documents the apparent persistence of prejudices against the Jewish minority among the Czechoslovak non-Jewish authorities that eventually formed the government-in-exile (1940–5), under the presidency of Edvard Bene? (1884–1948). The Czechoslovak exiles believed that the Jewish minority, in particular the Jewish nationalists (Zionists), had vehement supporters within Jewish circles in Western countries. Furthermore, they believed that the Jewish press played a significant role in the formation of public opinion in Britain and especially in the United States. In the early 1940s, the government-in-exile embarked on a policy of national homogenisation of post-war Czechoslovakia and was anxious to give concessions to the political representatives of the ethnic minority groups in exile, in particular the Germans, Hungarians and Jews. Yet the concerns about Jewish influence in liberal democracies granted several political concessions to the Jewish minority, in particular the appointment of a Zionist representative, Arno?t Frischer (1887–1954), to the exile parliament. This notwithstanding, by analysing the internal situation among the Czechoslovak Jewish groups in London, the article documents the internal weakness and disputes among the Jewish groups which gradually revealed the utter powerlessness of the Jewish exiles during their negotiations with the Czechoslovak authorities. The Jewish groups (the assimilationists, Orthodox and secular nationalists) were divided by mutual as well as internal disputes which were not concealed from outside observers and were utilised by the exile government. What emerges from the analysis is an impression of quarrelling groups that could not agree on any of the fundamental issues and whose only power was the ability to court the support of Western Jewish groups, which were perceived by the non-Jewish exiles as influential actors in US and British society.     

论二战前后德国的工业政策

工业政策是德国法西斯政权整个经济政策的重要组成部分,纳粹党的工业政策主要包括实行国家垄断资本主义、工业独立、卡特尔化、国有化和总体战争经济体制等几个重要方面。德国纳粹的工业政策,是服从于纳粹法西斯发动对外战争与称霸世界的政治意图,反映了纳粹法西斯专政的实质。     

“富二代”的媒体形象

大众传媒所形塑的“富二代”形象主要表现为炫耀、绯闻和事故等方面。现代大众传媒对“富二代”话题具有报道内容的议程设置效应,现代大众传媒的运用产生了社会民众对“富二代”话题讨论的深度参与效应以及社会整体对“富二代”公共形象的交叉放大效应。为防止贫富阶层的恶性分化和刚性冲突,政府有必要从社会建设和社会管理层面采取相应措施避免媒体对“富二代”悲观预言的自我实现。