论战后初期美国对国民党政府援助政策

战后初期,美国政府制定对国民党政府援助政策,提供了大规模的经济、军事援助,最终援助失败。美国对国民党政府援助政策的失败,是美国以意识形态和社会制度确定其外交政策的冷战思维的失败。     

本地文化资源的利用与安徽对外汉语教学

语言是思维的载体,也是文化的载体,语言是文化资源的一个重要组成部分。对外汉语教学究其实质来说是对外语言文化的推广。在汉语国际推广的基础上发展对外汉语教学一定要把文化放在相当重要的地位。安徽对外汉语教学具有较长的历史,但同周边省份相比,发展缓慢。文章从汉语国际推广的视角,分析了本地文化资源的利用对发展安徽对外汉语教学的重要作用,并从留学生教学和对外汉语专业建设两个方面提出如何利用本地文化资源的具体建议。     

认知语言学视角下高职英语听说教学中的习得研究

语言习得从输入到输出的整个过程与学习者内在认知机制的联系是密不可分的,因此对二语习得的研究离不开对学习者认知心理的关注。从认知语言学的视角去分析二语习得过程的心理机制,从而探索更有效的习得途径是近年语言学界研究的趋势和热点。本文分析了高职英语听说教学的现状,结合认知语言学的相关理论,分析听说教学的认知机制和习得机制,并提出高职英语听说教学中实现语言习得的五个重要阶段。     

《二年律令·户律》与高祖五年诏书的关系

《二年律令.户律》是吕后二年颁布的有关名田宅制度、户籍管理制度等方面的法律,其中的名田宅制度关系到刘邦时期的“与田宅”令是否实行及其到吕后时期的前后变化。我们认为高祖五年诏书的“与田宅”令已经制定了按爵级身份名田宅的制度,萧何编订汉律时这部分内容由“令”入“律”。《户律》所见名田宅制度是现实中真实实行的制度,其中对违法欺诈行为的惩罚条款应是吕后二年修订汉律时增补的内容。吕后二年调整食邑政策是造成田宅标准偏高的主要原因,民爵和官爵的划分也是在吕后二年定型的。     

从二级包干看高校岗位绩效工资分配制度改革

二级包干由于扩大了学院(部、处)收入分配自主权,建立了考核机制,能有效地强化成本核算和成本管理的意识,调动教职工的工作积极性和主动性,增强学校办学活力,是高校进行岗位绩效工资分配制度改革的一种行之有效的分配形式。绩效工资核定的两个重要原则是贡献异质性和边际效用。而一个完备的绩效评价机制是绩效工资机制正常运作的支撑和保证。高校实施绩效工资要在岗位明确、竟聘上岗的前提下,建立起有效的绩效评价机制,并在绩效和工资间建立正相关,发挥其激励作用。     

高职英语教学中的人文教育

高职英语教学应成为对学生进行人文教育的重要载体和平台。教师在传授语言知识的同时,应充分挖掘教材中蕴涵的丰富人文素材,在英语教学中渗透人文教育,提高高职学生的人文素养。文章在深入分析人文教育和高校英语教学紧密的内在联系的基础上,指出教师可从营造轻松愉快、民主平等的学习氛围,深入发掘教材中的人文素材和在＂第二课堂＂活动中凸显对学生人文素养的培养三个方面开展人文教育。     

Second home countryside. Representations of the rural in Finnish popular discourses

This paper focuses on the representation of post-productive countryside in Finland by exploring how the rural is presented in the context of second home tourism. Being an integral part of rural areas and their history, second homes are an established example of the post-productive consumption of countryside. The international and Finnish literature on rural images provides the theoretical framework for the paper. Research on rural visions has been active in recent years with an emphasis on the Anglocentric interpretations of the rural idyll. This paper contributes to this discussion by providing an empirical review of Finnish popular discourses of second homes. The review is based on an analysis of second-home owners' motives and media representations. The second home countryside is analysed as a farmscape, wildscape and activityscape. The results suggest that the Finnish second home landscape is seen as wilderness (1), life at second homes imitates visions of traditional rural life (2), and the environment is used for traditional consumptive and leisure activities (3).     

Stochastic lot sizing problem with controllable processing times

In this study, we consider the stochastic capacitated lot sizing problem with controllable processing times where processing times can be reduced in return for extra compression cost. We assume that the compression cost function is a convex function as it may reflect increasing marginal costs of larger reductions and may be more appropriate when the resource life, energy consumption or carbon emission are taken into consideration. We consider this problem under static uncertainty strategy and α service level constraints. We first introduce a nonlinear mixed integer programming formulation of the problem, and use the recent advances in second order cone programming to strengthen it and then solve by a commercial solver. Our computational experiments show that taking the processing times as constant may lead to more costly production plans, and the value of controllable processing times becomes more evident for a stochastic environment with a limited capacity. Moreover, we observe that controllable processing times increase the solution flexibility and provide a better solution in most of the problem instances, although the largest improvements are obtained when setup costs are high and the system has medium sized capacities.     

宣州市467名具备生育二孩条件的育龄妇女生育意愿调查分析报告

本文分析了我国女性流动人口的婚姻状况,及其随年龄、受教育程度、职业、流入地区变化的特征,以聚类的方式研究了女性流动人口婚姻的宏观地区分类,并用相关分析的方法探索了影响女性流动人口婚姻现状的地区性变量和流动人口自身变量。     

Inference for the Dependent Competing Risks Model with Masked Causes of Failure

The competing risks model is useful in settings in which individuals/units may die/fail for different reasons. The cause specific hazard rates are taken to be piecewise constant functions. A complication arises when some of the failures are masked within a group of possible causes. Traditionally, statistical inference is performed under the assumption that the failure causes act independently on each item. In this paper we propose an EM-based approach which allows for dependent competing risks and produces estimators for the sub-distribution functions. We also discuss identifiability of parameters if none of the masked items have their cause of failure clarified in a second stage analysis (e.g. autopsy). The procedures proposed are illustrated with two datasets.