是捍卫还是背离？——论亨利希·库诺夫对马克思唯物史观的解读与运用

亨利希·库诺夫是第二国际时期重要的思想理论家，他在马克思主义发展史中占据着争议性地位，但却往往被忽视。他对马克思唯物史观的理解有其独到之处，并且将其原创性地运用于人类学领域，在19世纪末20世纪初他的研究成果对马克思主义理论的传播和发展做出了一定贡献。他在理论和实践中的倍受批判与其对马克思唯物史观的理解有着密不可分的关系。与公认的经济决定论者拉法格相比，他更加彻底地以“捍卫”的立场“背离”了马克思的唯物史观，将其理解为经济史观，并以此为基点考察资本主义的阶段特点，得出了与马克思截然不同的结论。在当下中国的视阈中审视并研究库诺夫的思想，对于中国的社会建设将大有裨益。     

大学生社团管理刍议

大学生社团是高校校园文化的重要组成部分 ,在学生成才过程中有着不可取代的作用。但有关方面目前对其研究较少 ,管理上也存在诸如认识偏差、结构失衡等问题。应该提高认识、健全制度、倡导科研和利用好网络工具 ,充分发挥大学生社团在育人方面应有的作用。     

Efficient M-estimators with auxiliary information

This paper introduces a new class of M-estimators based on generalised empirical likelihood (GEL) estimation with some auxiliary information available in the sample. The resulting class of estimators is efficient in the sense that it achieves the same asymptotic lower bound as that of the efficient generalised method of moment (GMM) estimator with the same auxiliary information. The paper also shows that in case of smooth estimating equations the proposed estimators enjoy a small second order bias property compared to both efficient GMM and full GEL estimators. Analytical formulae to obtain bias corrected estimators are also provided. Simulations show that with correctly specified auxiliary information the proposed estimators and in particular those based on empirical likelihood outperform standard M and efficient GMM estimators both in terms of finite sample bias and efficiency. On the other hand with moderately misspecified auxiliary information estimators based on the nonparametric tilting method are typically characterised by the best finite sample properties.     

《二年律令》有关奴婢的法律思想初探

探究汉初有关奴婢的法律思想,可以对汉代关于奴婢的法律思想有更加全面和深入的认识。通过对张家山汉简《二年律令》中有关奴婢的法律规定的分析,使视奴婢如财产、限制奴婢与平民通婚、主张奴婢犯罪主人不连坐等法律思想十分清晰地体现出来,它们构成了汉初有关奴婢法律思想的重要内容。     

Techniques for the analysis of geographic data in evaluation

Although geographic relationships are often an important aspect of a program or system under evaluation, these relationships have frequently been ignored by evaluators. Standard techniques do exist, however, for the analysis of geographic data. This paper presents three such techniques, Geocode Analysis, Trend Surface Analysis, and Social Area Analysis, and discusses their use in evaluation. With these techniques, evaluators can more adequately deal with the questions of geographic relationships which arise in many studies.     

Second-order inference for generalized least squares

Confidence regions for generalized least squares are commonly derived from a measure of departure calculated on the tangent plane at the MLE or on the tangent plane at the true value; the first gives approximate confidence regions, the second exact. For surfaces with curvature, indeed with varying curvature, the exact regions typically are not likelihood regions and can include parameter values of highest and of lowest likelihood. This paper develops an alternative approach to deriving exact confidence regions and uses both surface curvature and distance from the surface as supporting ingredients. For this, conditionality is invoked in two ways beyond that supported by the usual conditionality principle. For the case of normal error the ordinary chi-squared departure is replaced by a Von Mises-type angular (or cosine) departure which is assessed using curvature properties in the data direction and radial distance of the data from the regression surface. For the usual linear model (constant curvature equal to zero) the method coincides with the ordinary tests and confidence regions; for the case of constant nonzero curvature, the method generalizes to spheres and sphere-cylinders the Fisher (Statistical Methods and Scientific Inference, 1956) analysis of a rotationally symmetric normal on ?² with mean constrained to a circle. The effects of conditioning are indicated by a computer plot for obtaining 95% confidence.     

张家山汉简《二年律令》之"司寇"、"城旦舂"名分析

通过对历史文献中有关司寇、城旦舂等刑徒的记载进行梳理,并结合睡虎地秦简有关记载,对张家山汉简<二年律令>中涉及到的司寇与城旦舂的使用进行的细致分析.可以看出,司寇的用法在性别上还不十分明晰;而城旦舂的使用不是严格以男子为城旦、以女子为舂,而是互有交叉.     

Computer-Generated Neighbor Designs

Neighbor designs are useful to remove the neighbor effects. In this article, an algorithm is developed and is coded in Visual C + +to generate the initial block for possible first, second,…, and all order neighbor designs. To get the required design, a block (0, 1, 2,…, k ? 1) is then augmented with (v ? 1) blocks obtained by developing the initial block cyclically mod (v ? 1).     

Minimax Design for the Difference Between Estimated Responses for the Quadratic Model Over Hypercubic Regions

Abstract

A second-order model involving the intercept and only the pure quadratic terms is considered for regression over hypercubes. Minimization of the variance of the difference between estimated responses at two points, maximized over all pairs of points in the region of interest in factor space, is taken as the design criterion. Optimal design under the minimax criterion is derived and found to be the one which is also simultaneously A-, D-, and E-optimal for the parameters excluding the intercept. The minimax design is compared with other standard designs and is found to perform extremely well.     

波伏瓦女性主义思想的马克思主义之源

以往学界把波伏瓦的女性主义理论归于存在主义女性主义一脉,认为她的思想来源仅限于萨特的存在主义。但是,从哲学的视角,深入细致地研读波伏瓦的《第二性》一书,就会发现波伏瓦的女性主义思想来源其实十分宽广,它深深根植于西方哲学历史传统的土壤之中和法国现代哲学思想的语境之下。文章以其女性主义思想与马克思主义的渊源关系为例来澄清学界对其思想来源的误解,以证明其思想的独立性与原创性。