从热力学第二定律探析《拍卖第49批》中的秩序和混乱

托马斯·品钦是美国最重要的后现代作家。他的代表作《拍卖第49批》描写了主人公在混乱荒谬的现代社会中为寻找意义和恢复秩序所做的努力。品钦运用了热力学第二定律和马克斯韦尔小精灵等科学概念,刻画了现代社会中秩序和混乱对立并存的矛盾关系,由此揭示了现代社会中人类失去生活的意义并处于精神荒芜状态的悲剧内涵。     

汉语自然会话评价行为应答语研究--批评行为应答语研究

就评价行为中的批评行为而言,根据批评对象的不同,应答语的话轮构建方式和立场各有不同,批评自己时应答语倾向于不同意,立场表现为强不同意、弱不同意、弱同意,而批评对方时应答语倾向于同意,立场表现为强同意、弱同意和弱不同意。采用会话分析方法研究自然会语,描写汉语应答语话轮的基本句法形式与话轮构建方式,分析各种话轮形式所表达的立场,从而力图揭示互动与语法的密切关系。     

Educational differentials in cohabitors' marriage intentions at different childbearing stages in seven European countries

Several studies have looked into the socio-economic gradients of cohabitation and non-marital fertility. According to the theory of the Second Demographic Transition, highly educated individuals can be considered as forerunners in the Western European spread of non-marital family forms after the 1970s. In Central and Eastern Europe (CEE), however, research has provided evidence for a Pattern of Disadvantage where those with the lowest education have been the most likely to adopt such family forms. Hitherto, few studies have considered the educational gradient of the intentions underlying these behaviors. This contribution uses information on marriage and fertility intentions from the Generations and Gender Surveys for seven European countries to assess educational differentials. In Western Europe we observe no strong educational gradients in marriage intentions at any childbearing stage (before, during or following). In CEE countries, however, less educated cohabitors more frequently choose for cohabitation during childbearing.     

刘少奇“天津讲话”思想与七届二中全会精神比较研究

以宣传和贯彻党的七届二中全会精神为中心的“天津讲话”,蕴涵着刘少奇思想的精华。把我们党的理论探索成果与新生城市人民政权的实际情况紧密结合起来 ,正是“天津讲话”思想的实质所在。本文以对比“天津讲话”思想与七届二中全会精神为切入点 ,重在剖析两者之间的辨证关系。     

二语习得理论下英语交际能力培养策略浅析

本文是在二语习得理论的框架下探讨英语交际能力的培养策略。     

从战争经济学看二战历史转折点

我国的历史研究中,习惯上将前苏联的斯大林格勒保卫战当成第二次世界大战的转折点.但从影响战局的最重要的因素-政治经济实力对比看,珍珠港事件更应当作为二战历史的转折点来看待.     

The Waterbirth Project: São Bernardo Hospital experience

Introduction

The following quantitative observational study aimed to analyse the maternal and neonatal outcomes of 90 low-risk pregnant women who gave birth in water at São Bernardo Hospital.

“Making it work: Migration,motherhood and employment in Australia”

The transition into motherhood is often associated with a reduction in women's labor force participation, reinforcing gender employment hierarchies. Our study compares women's employment status and paid work time prior to and following birth among immigrants and native-borns in Australia. We also consider how these outcomes differ by generation status and racial and ethnic background. Australia provides a valuable context to understand these outcomes given its skilled migration policy, racial and ethnic diversity, limited childcare and family leave policies, and high rates of part-time work among mothers. We examine longitudinal data from the Household Income and Labour Dynamics in Australia (HILDA) for women from 2001 to 2016. We find that migrant women show lower employment levels and commensurate work hours than native-borns prior to childbirth. After childbirth, migrant mothers maintain lower employment levels, but higher work hours than native-born mothers. Overall, we find that relative to native-borns, migrant women typically experience a smaller reduction in employment and work hours following childbirth, but some of this is likely due to their lower starting position prior to childbirth. Our findings have implications for skilled immigration policies and highlights the unique work-family pressures facing immigrant and native-born women.     

第二次世界大战对苏联人口状况的影响

第二次世界大战期间为了赢得战争胜利,苏联付出了惨重的人口代价。战争对苏联人口状况产生了深刻的影响,不仅加重了战前已存在的人口危机程度,而且对居民的身体健康状况、结婚率和家庭规模造成了更深程度的破坏。战后流行病大规模爆发,出生率下降、死亡率上升,性别比例、年龄结构严重失衡,人口数量大幅减少,并持续数十年,为20世纪90年代初俄罗斯爆发的人口危机埋下了隐患。     

“富二代”的媒体形象

大众传媒所形塑的“富二代”形象主要表现为炫耀、绯闻和事故等方面。现代大众传媒对“富二代”话题具有报道内容的议程设置效应,现代大众传媒的运用产生了社会民众对“富二代”话题讨论的深度参与效应以及社会整体对“富二代”公共形象的交叉放大效应。为防止贫富阶层的恶性分化和刚性冲突,政府有必要从社会建设和社会管理层面采取相应措施避免媒体对“富二代”悲观预言的自我实现。