股权众筹是否真的那么美--基于美国制度缺陷的再思考

股权众筹作为初创企业采用的一种利用互联网向大众募集小额资本的融资方式,以“脱媒式”对接投融资双方的优势,利用互联网的人群聚集与信息广泛传播效应,降低投融资方之间沟通成本,有助于投融资意向的快速达成。2012年美国JOBS法案的高调出台,吸引了全球范围内的广泛关注。但股权众筹制度在美国已受到诸多批判,除信息披露要求弱化引发的欺诈风险增加外,在注重前端融资效率的同时却忽略了投资端的设计和保护,尤其是众筹股权的流通和退出问题等。美国立法与实践领域对于这些问题尚未取得彻底的突破。股权众筹以美国模式为样板引入中国,在遭遇中国固有法律体系及制度的困扰后,中国股权众筹实践陷入更多困境。通过对美国相关制度出台的背景及存在的不足进行分析,对照中国实践,锁定实践中产生的新问题,并深入探讨现有解决路径能否真正缓解这些不足,以期对股权众筹制度重新进行明确的定位。     

Senior centres in the lives of older Americans: implications for Chinese older adults

As a critical community resource, the senior centre has provided older Americans with a wide array of recreational, nutritional, health, and social service programmes. Funding resources include the Older Americans Act allocations, local organisations and governments, national charities, voluntary associations, and religious associations. The types of programmes offered at a senior centre reflect two models: social agency model or voluntary organisation model. The five most popular programmes are nutrition, health and fitness, recreation, volunteering, and social services. Participation in senior centre activities has positive impacts on the overall well-being of older adult participants. With the rapid growth in the ageing population and improved life expectancy in China, senior centres may serve as a focal point for Chinese older adults by providing a broad spectrum of social services to enhance the well-being of community-dwelling older adults, to support their independence and dignity, and to facilitate ageing in place in later life.     

Taking a Leap Forward: Adult Protective Services and the Elder Justice Act

ABSTRACT

The author outlines factors in the current environment for Adult Protective Services programs in the United States of America in the spring of 2003 and the significance of the Elder Justice Act to those programs. The commentary notes key strengths and challenges in the bill and warns against relying on legislation alone to address the root causes of elder abuse.     

论贝克特《哑剧》中的荒诞元素简

塞缪尔？贝克特作为荒诞派戏剧的典型代表之一,写出了《等待戈多》《终局》等许多脍炙人口的戏剧作品。《哑剧1》和《哑剧2》作为《终局》的后续,分别以双人哑剧与单人哑剧的形式形象表达了外部世界对人类的影响和人类内心世界的虚无与绝望。本文旨在结合荒诞剧的特点对《哑剧》在场景道具、语言、人物、主题四方面进行分析,从而得出贝克特戏剧创作的新特点。     

Social Work Admissions and Academic Accommodations for Students with Disabilities

ABSTRACT

The Americans With Disabilities Act of 1990 (ADA) protects students wth disabilities from discrimination by academic and professional programs in higher education. A student with a disability cannot be denied admission to an educational program because of his or her disability if the student is otherwise qualified. This means that a student with a disability who is qualified for an academic or professional educational program cannot be denied admission to a program based solely on the student&s disability. This educational requirement mandated by the ADA applies to all educational fields including social work education. The purpose of this study was to explore how social work programs are dealing with these requirements in their admission and academic accommodation procedures. Twelve social work programs located in the mid-western United States participated in the study. Representatives of each of these programs were given an in-depth interview focusing on their admissions process, academic accommodations, and general topics related to social work education and disabilities. All programs taking part in the research were accredited by the Council on Social Work Education (CSWE). The CSWE is the national accreditation body for social work education within the United States.     

美国政府关于收购中国白银问题的争论（1934．10～1936．5）

20世纪30年代,针对美国白银收购政策给中国带来的巨大灾难,中国要求美国改变这项政策,由此,在美国政府内部引发争论。美国国务院为避免触怒日本,主张美国自行修改白银政策或联合其他国家共同解决;而财政部从反对绥靖日本的角度出发,主张给中国以经济援助,并将其作为政治支持中国的有力工具,最终财政部的意见占了上风。世界局势的变化和罗斯福在不同时期的政策考虑导致了这种结果的出现。     

论专利制度的基本功能

促进科学技术进步和经济社会发展是专利法的终极目标,也是专利制度的主要功能。但是,在我国,专利制度功能的基本构成却常为人们所忽视。创新经济学认为：创新不断扩散,是技术创新社会经济效益的根本来源。《专利法》第26条规定的发明公开制度作为授予专利权的条件之一,对促进技术创新的扩散具有重要价值,体现了专利制度的终极目标。它教导该领域的普通技术人员实施发明（教导功能）,体现了发明人真正做出了发明创造（占有功能）,促进了技术信息和权利信息的传播（信息传播功能）,从而实现增进人类知识积累的专利法目标。从制度功能来看,实现专利制度基本功能的重要载体是专利文献。     

Impact of Hazardous Substances Regulations on Small Firms in Delaware and New Jersey

Regulations under the 1990 Amendments to the Clean Air Act impose significant requirements on firms handling hazardous chemicals. The nature of the regulations would suggest that small firms, because of limited resources and other structural limitations, would experience more difficulty complying with the regulations than large firms. To understand the difficulties imposed by the regulations on small firms, we interviewed ten small firms in Delaware and New Jersey, states with existing hazardous regulations similar to those being considered by the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, and evaluated their responses to state regulations. The impacts of the environmental regulations on the firms and on the risk levels of their businesses are discussed. Propositions for research into small firms compliance are developed. Possible means for reducing the regulatory burden on small firms while enhancing regulatory effectiveness are suggested.     

论清《公司律》对我国现行公司立法的意义

清《公司律》是我国最早的公司立法之一，在我国民事立法史上占有重要的地位，对我国公司制度的演变与发展有着深远的影响。文章对清《公司律》的立法背景、立法内容和法律意义进行分析与评价，以期对我国目前的公司制度改革提供借鉴。     

社会主义荣辱观与“好学近知,力行近仁”

树立社会主义荣辱观是社会治理的经济目标与道德伦理目标、文明社会目标和谐互动的根本要求和重要体现。在高校大力开展社会主义荣辱观教育,对于培养社会主义建设者和接班人具有重大现实意义。吉林师范大学的校训“好学近知,力行近仁”,正体现了一种求真创新、为人师表、追求卓越人生的精神。把社会主义荣辱观教育与弘扬校训精神有机结合,切实推进和加强思想道德建设,把社会主义荣辱观内化为师生员工的自觉行为和基本道德感情,让社会主义荣辱观在师生心中扎根,从而为中华民族的伟大复兴做出应有的贡献。