浅谈高职学校高自考的教学管理

自2011年开始,天津市教育招生考试院对高职教育自学考试加大政策扶植力度,此举是为了更好地使高自考课程与高职课程衔接,针对这些政策,如何做好高职学校高自考的教学管理工作、更好地提高管理水平,使高职学校高自考能更好地适应社会,需要进行一系列的探索与改革。本文从高职学校自考生的特点进行分析,提出了当前高职学校高自考的教学管理现状,并就如何有效地提高高职学校高自考的教学管理进行探索。     

Dialogical Demand: Discursive Position Repertoires for a Local and Global UK Sex Industry

The increasing incidence of ‘trafficking’ has added an incontestably disturbing dimension to the contestable nature of a ‘non‐trafficked’ UK sex industry. Men who buy sex remain under‐researched, though some studies have indicated ambivalence within men's attitudes. This study combines a critical discursive psychology in support of dialogical self theory. Secondary data, from prominent UK media resources, were analysed using Edley's (2001) method of combining ‘interpretative repertoires’, ‘ideological dilemmas’ and ‘subject positions’. Contrasting discursive practices indicative of wider ideological conflict were found. Discursive concepts were ‘mapped’ onto Hermans and Hermans‐Konopka's (2010) ‘I‐positions’ to explore how these potentially dilemmatic positions might be understood in terms of identity production. The function of ‘uncertainty’, particularly salient with the increasing complexity of globalisation, was considered a factor in how men's identities might be limited by the current discursive space. A ‘dialogical’ model of self is introduced as a framework for understanding how men who buy sex might take up new, inclusive, positions. A corollary is reflected upon; that researchers, activists and buyers alike, who remain ideologically inflexible, may be sustaining the conditions for coercion through their contribution to the discursive conflict. The synthesis of discursive and dialogical analytical tools is recommended for investigating the production of selves in contested spaces.     

"克己复礼"的百年误读与思想真谛

孔子"克已复礼为仁"的名言,在中国近代思想史上被深深的误解。人们多是把它归入政治学的范畴,认为孔子此语表 明了他恢复周礼的历史态度;而实际上孔子的"克己复礼"是道德践履问题,是伦理学范畴的一个命题。"复"不是恢复或返回, 而应当解释为"实践"或"履行"。"克己复礼"即是克制自己的欲望,践履礼的规范。从孔子的整个思想体系看,他根本不是周礼 的维护者,而是周礼的颠覆者和叛逆者。他所提倡的"礼",已远远超越了周礼的藩篱,是在为一个新的历史时代奠基行为的规 范。     

贫困大学生就业心理障碍分析

在大学生就业形势仍然严峻的今天,贫困大学生就业尤其令人关注。贫困大学生在就业过程中经常表现出焦虑、自卑、被动、从众等因自我认知失调导致的心理障碍,分析发现他们产生心理障碍的原因包括对自己认识不充分、自我认识矛盾、社会实践经验缺乏等主观因素和社会、家庭、学校等客观原因。因此,贫困大学生需要从多途径了解自己、客观地评价自己、坚定地相信自己、充分认识求职单位等方面来认识自己．有的放矢：同时通过学好专业知识、培养兴趣特长、不断完善人格来完善自己,扬长补短;并运用转化法、宣泄法、慰藉法、放松法等多种手段及时调适、缓和冲突。     

The Self‐Directed Search as a Stand‐Alone Intervention With College Students

The Self‐Directed Search (SDS; Holland, 1994 ) is sometimes administered to large student groups outside of counseling to address common career development needs. This study evaluated the effectiveness of the SDS as a stand‐alone intervention by comparing a general sample of college students who completed the SDS (n = 39) with a no‐treatment control group (n = 41) on several outcomes. Completion of the SDS related to an increase in the number of career alternatives being considered 4 weeks later but did not relate to career exploration, career decision‐making self‐efficacy, career indecision, and seeking of career counseling services. If the SDS is used outside of counseling with broad student samples, the authors suggest providing additional intervention to ensure that it promotes exploration of any additional careers being considered.     

Social Networks and Self Enhancement in Chinese Children: A Comparison of Self Reports and Peer Reports of Group Membership*

Children's self reports of social groups were compared with the social groups identified by a consensus judgment of their peers. The subjects were 138 Chinese 4th grade students (mean age = 9.91) from a primary school and 167 Chinese 7th grade students (mean age = 13.09) from a secondary school, both located in Hong Kong. Following the Social Cognitive Map (SCM) procedure, students were asked to identify the social groups within their grades, including their own groups. The subjects also rated themselves on multiple domains of competence. Their teachers rated them on the same domains. Subjects tended to be biased toward self-enhancement when reporting their own groups: They omitted members who had low school scholastic rank and unfavorable scores on teacher ratings of competence. There was a strong effect of propinquity and gender on group membership, in that all groups were comprised of children from the same classroom and virtually all (98%) of the same sex. Members scored similarly on teacher ratings of competence. In elementary school, conventional values and academic achievement provided the behavioral bases for peer group cohesion. By early adolescence, peer-related concerns supplemented rather than replaced conventional values as the bases for group cohesion.     

公共性为“自我”实现的一个不可或缺的条件

"自我"实现问题不仅是思想史上的一个重要论题,而且是现实生活中的重大问题,也是人的问题中的一个至关重要的问题。在马克思主义看来,一个人的发展取决于和他直接或间接进行交往的其他一切人的发展。也就是说,"自我"的确证、实现要以成就"他我"、"共我"为条件,成就"他我"、"共我"就是"为他"。这种"自我"在确证、实现自己中所要体现出的为他属性,在我们看来,可以称之为人的公共性。公共性为"自我"实现的一个不可或缺的条件。在经济全球化、政治多极化和价值多元化的当代社会,由于人的公共性陷入困境和危机,因而使得"自我"实现问题越来越突出,人的公共性问题逐渐成为全社会关注的焦点,为此有人发出主体性黄昏的哀叹。因此,就人的公共性与"自我"实现的关系问题进行探索有着重要的理论意义和现实意义。     

变动中的养老空间与社会边界——基于对农村养老方式转换的考察

在工业化、市场化激荡下的后乡土社会情境中,农村养老遭遇到前所未有的压力,并面临养老空间和养老边界的变动。“少子化”和社会流动的现实使得农村老人脱离代际寻求自我保障和社会支持的现象愈加明显,老人“牺牲自我”而维护家庭延续的责任伦理较为突出。同时,家庭结构从复杂化逐步向简单化发展,养老边界呈现出从家庭到自我、家庭到社区、社区到社会的溢出与重置现象。在此背景下,需要将老人的自我养老能力纳入决策分析,关注“老人农业”这一自我养老实践形式,并扭转家庭养老、社会养老、自我养老各自的研究视角,把纵向时间维度上的农村养老变迁与横向空间维度上的农村养老分化综合起来,形成网络式的研究方式。     

自身免疫研究进展

自身免疫是一种述人和复杂的现象。自身耐受、自身免疫性疾病以及细胞凋亡，与自身免疫有着密切的关系。这以上各种机制正处于研究阶段，此文就该领域的一些进展作些报道。     

污名是阻碍青少年心理求助的主要因素

近20年来中国社会变迁加速，社会转型逐步深入。伴随这一社会进程，青少年心理问题日益凸显，引起了社会各方的广泛关注。可是，令人困惑的是寻求专业帮助的青少年患者很少。对此矛盾的现象，学者有不同的解释。本文认为，社会污名是导致青少年不去寻求专业帮助的主要原因。青少年害怕由于污名所带来的偏见、歧视和社会排斥，因而隐匿自己的心理问题。