他者的侵凌与自我的毁灭——张爱玲小说的拉康式解读

张爱玲小说中始终存在着“自我”与“他者”的二元对立结构,因受到他人的制约,其笔下的人物难以完成自我建构,个体甚至因他者的入侵而走向异化或毁灭,这与拉康哲学中关于自我与他者关系的论述相契合.借助拉康镜像论、凝视论、他者论来解读张爱玲小说中自我与他者的关系,可深入发掘其笔下人物的自我建构过程,细致辨析张爱玲运用的“窥视”笔法,通过《传奇》增订版等具体个案分析他者欺凌与自我毁灭的二元构成.从拉康式精神分析的视角观照张爱玲创作,有利于多角度地深入思考张爱玲小说的精神内涵.     

大学生应对效能与学业行为的关系研究?

基于277名在校大学生的调查数据,考察大学生应对效能与学业行为的现状及两者之间的影响关系。研究发现：大学生的应对效能和学业行为在性别、是否学生干部两个因素上存在显著差异,男生的应对效能及学习策略的得分显著高于女生,学生干部的应对效能及学业行为得分显著高于非学生干部;应对效能各维度与学业行为各维度间存在显著正相关;应对效能的三个维度胜任力、自信程度、认知水平均能够显著预测大学生学业行为。     

Different Pathways from Transformational Leadership to Job Satisfaction

Transformational leaders are known to inspire and motivate their followers, thereby leading to enhanced job satisfaction. Job satisfaction is an intellectual concept regarding individuals’ attitudes toward their jobs. This study asserts that the underlying mechanisms for transformational leadership to affect employee satisfaction are trust in the community, including the leader (that is, organization) and trust in the self, namely self‐efficacy. Leadership is specifically associated with continual transformations in the higher educational context, and collectivist cultures may manifest different processes underlying the transformational leadership–satisfaction relationship. This study investigated the mediating effects of trust and self‐efficacy on the relationship between transformational leadership and job satisfaction. The study sample included academicians from a nonprofit higher education institution in Turkey. The data were analyzed using structural equation modeling. The results showed that the relationship between transformational leadership and job satisfaction is fully mediated by both trust and self‐efficacy. The mediator effect of trust was shown to be stronger than self‐efficacy, which is assumed to be the result of the cultural context. The results are discussed in the context of employee satisfaction and cultural determinants of employee satisfaction.     

Self-efficacy enhanced in a cross-cultural context through an initiative in under-resourced schools in KwaZulu-Natal,South Africa

This paper discusses the Khanyisa Programme, an initiative in KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa, where learners from under-resourced schools are supported by teachers and high achievers in Grade 11 and 12 from a previously advantaged state school under apartheid. A qualitative, evaluative study was undertaken to identify key elements in the ongoing success of the programme and collect participant suggestions for improvement. The findings, discussed within the framework of self-efficacy theory, identified enormous gains by Khanyisa learners, leading to vastly improved career prospects.     

幼儿园教师教学效能感与园长保教领导力的关系

为考察幼儿园教师教学效能感与园长保教领导力的关系,对X省6市共784名幼儿园教师进行问卷调查。研究结果表明：幼儿园教师教学效能感总体处于中等偏上水平,其中教师自我效能信念水平最低;幼儿园教师对园长保教领导力有着较高水平的感知,园长保教领导力水平越高,幼儿园教师教学效能感越强;园长保教价值领导力与组织领导力能显著正向预测幼儿园教师教学效能感。应多主体协同提升教师的自我效能信念,聚焦提升园长保教价值领导力和关注发展园长保教组织领导力,以此促进教师教学效能感水平的提升。     

网络青年文化的“自我空间”论

后现代的网络社会既给青年人寻找自我、建构身份搭建了广阔的新舞台,也为青年人提供了一个空间自由、文化自主的新天地——青年文化的"自我空间"。在这样一个以"自我"为中心和遵循"快乐至上"原则的空间里,青年人主动将自我符号化,充分运用网络媒介的自主权,通过创建微电影、微小说等微美学文本,把自己的内心世界投射到网络社会并最大限度地释放与表现、宣泄与满足。他们在"自我空间"里呈现自我、形塑自我的同时,也进行着青年亚文化的传播与实践。     

Effects of Social Supports on the Career Choice Consideration of Chinese Farmers: A Social Cognitive Perspective

Drawing from social cognitive career theory ( Lent, Brown, & Hackett, 1994 ), this study explored social supports’ influence on the career choice consideration of farmers during China's current process of urbanization. A questionnaire was designed based on interviews with 140 people and a pretest with a sample of 419 participants. A total of 628 participants were involved in the formal questionnaire survey. Results indicated that social supports had a dual effect: Positive supports were indirectly related to career choice consideration through the mediation of career self‐efficacy, whereas negative supports were related to career choice consideration directly. Implications for future research and the development of a career guidance and social support system for Chinese farmers are discussed.     

“Yes,I Can”: Testing an Intervention to Increase Middle School Students’ College and Career Self‐Efficacy

Middle school is the appropriate time for students to begin exploring careers and improving self‐efficacy; however, empirically supported career and college readiness interventions for U.S. middle school students are limited. Examining the effect of an intervention that combined a virtual experience and a local college visit on middle school students (99 girls, 74 boys), the authors found that participating students had higher levels of college and career self‐efficacy than did nonparticipating students. The study shows that a workshop of the online Florida CHOICES program coupled with a campus visit increased middle school student career and college self‐efficacy. Future research should include longitudinal studies and use of diverse populations to improve generalizability of study results.     

“中国特色社会主义理论体系概论”课教学实效性路径探微

“中国特色社会主义理论体系概论”课的教学实效性体现在教学的各个环节中。教学前,注重教学实效性意识的培养;教学中,注重宏观整体与纵向历史性相结合、政治理论性与具体现实性相结合、理论深度性与模式多样性相结合;教学后,注重双向评价,以达到教育教学之目的。     

创意教学自我效能感及其对教学的影响

创意教学自我效能感是在教学效能感与创意自我效能感概念和理论的基础上提出的,是教师对自己的创造性教学能力及其影响学生学习程度的知觉和信念。它会受到教师对教学任务和自身教学能力的分析、他人评价以及自身经验和生理状态的影响,同时也会影响教师的创造性教学行为,是一个重要的个体预测变量。进一步的相关研究应关注创意教学自我效能感产生的机制、途径以及创意教学自我效能感与学生个体特征是如何相互作用并影响学生的创造力发展等问题。