陶渊明"自我意识"简析--兼与景蜀慧先生商榷

陶渊明是中国历史上具有较为充分完全的自我意识的"大思想家",是自我实现的典范.景蜀慧先生认为陶渊明思想中具有明显的墨派倾向,则是忽视了陶渊明的自我意识及将前人思想对陶渊明的影响理解得过于简单机械的结果,同时也是对与在"政治"上建功立业无涉的个体价值缺乏恰当认识的具体表现.     

下岗女性职工自我效能感与再就业应对方式关系的研究

下岗女性职工自我效能感可以区分为一般效能感和再就业效能感两个部分。下岗女性职工两种效能感整体水平都比较高,再就业应对也以积极方式为主,而再就业效能感则低于男性下岗职工。两种效能感是受不同的再就业因素影响的,同时两种效能感也影响着不同性质的再就业应对方式。回归分析表明:当一般效能感较低时,容易产生消极的应对方式,较高的再就业效能感会导致积极的再就业应对。     

Dimensions of Cross Cultural Treatment with Late Adolescent College Students

This paper addresses the need to develop culturally sensitive services on university campuses with a student population that is rapidly becoming more culturally diverse. It explores the different psychological paradigms of Western and non-Western cultures, the adolescent developmental process within diverse cultural constructs and the notion of self cross-culturally. Clinical practice implications in cross-cultural treatment are investigated. These include the therapist's self-disclosure, resistance and countertransference issues, verbal and non-verbal communication in the therapeutic relationship, and the dynamics of power and authority. Two short vignettes illustrate some of these clinical issues and emphasize the value of the therapist's knowledge and awareness of cultural differences as well as the importance of their willingness to modify more traditional clinical practices to fit diverse cultural paradigms.     

福柯生存美学的身体维度

生存美学是福柯一贯的思想风格和生活原则,是其一生理论创造中最具诗性意义和建构意义的部分,代表着一种崭新的实践智慧和生活美学方向。对身体的美学凝思构成了福柯生存美学不可或缺的生命之维,在这里身体成为我们自身实现审美超越的基点,达到自身自由境界的出发点和归宿点。同时,身体也成为了在审美生存中美和日常生活的沟通者与承载者。     

尼采与儒家哲学生命超越论之比较

生命自我超越是中西哲学的一大主题。西方近代哲学对主体性和超越性的建构使人类自我超越的归宿漂离宗教,尼采超人哲学力图使人类价值理想从天国的彼岸回到人间,克服了近代哲学生命终极关怀的超绝性和神秘性,从而与中国儒家哲学通过伦理方式沟通人的理想境界与现实世界层面来实现道德的真我有异曲同工之处。但是,尼采和儒家哲学的先验唯心主义立场和专制等级主义情结,使其生命超越论陷入空洞并不失反动之嫌。马克思所阐明的在“自由联合体”中的“自由而全面的人”真正地实现了生命的超越,达到了真正的善、生命的终极价值,从而形成了对“超人”价值论和“圣人”境界论的批判。     

“返朴归真”——解读《道德经》的养生学

《道德经》是道家学派最具权威性的典籍之一 ,其中蕴含着丰富的养生学思想 ,为历代的养生学大师所重视和推崇。从“长生久视”、“道法自然”、“柔弱处上”三个不同的角度 ,深入探讨《道德经》中的养生学内容 ,具有重大的现实意义     

Dispositional Affect and Career Barriers: The Moderating Roles of Gender and Coping

This study examined whether gender and coping efficacy for career barriers moderated the relationship between both positive and negative dispositional affect and perceptions of career barriers. The sample included 294 undergraduate students (195 women, 99 men) from a large, midwestern university. Gender and coping efficacy did not moderate the relationship between negative dispositional affect and perceptions of career barriers. Coping efficacy for career barriers did moderate the relationship between positive dispositional affect and perceptions of career barriers for both women and men in different directions. When investigating women separately, the results revealed a weakening of the negative beta weight between positive affect and perception of career barriers as coping scores increased. An opposite effect was found for men; there was a reduction of the positive beta weight between positive affect and perception of career barriers as coping scores increased. Interventions to address perceptions of career barriers based on gender and dispositional affect are discussed.     

Influenza vaccine efficacy trials: a simulation approach to understand failures from the past

The success of a seasonal influenza vaccine efficacy trial depends not only upon the design but also upon the annual epidemic characteristics. In this context, simulation methods are an essential tool in evaluating the performances of study designs under various circumstances. However, traditional methods for simulating time‐to‐event data are not suitable for the simulation of influenza vaccine efficacy trials because of the seasonality and heterogeneity of influenza epidemics. Instead, we propose a mathematical model parameterized with historical surveillance data, heterogeneous frailty among the subjects, survey‐based heterogeneous number of daily contact, and a mixed vaccine protection mechanism. We illustrate our methodology by generating multiple‐trial data similar to a large phase III trial that failed to show additional relative vaccine efficacy of an experimental adjuvanted vaccine compared with the reference vaccine. We show that small departures from the designing assumptions, such as a smaller range of strain protection for the experimental vaccine or the chosen endpoint, could lead to smaller probabilities of success in showing significant relative vaccine efficacy. Copyright © 2015 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

Leaders’ influence on collective action: An identity leadership perspective

What makes followers act collectively when called upon by their leaders? To answer this question, participants were randomly allocated to leader–follower relationships embedded either in a partisan group or a workgroup context; and the relationship between identity leadership and collective action through ingroup identification (Study 1: N = 293) or both ingroup identification and group-efficacy (Study 2: N = 338) were assessed. Based on the model of identity leadership, we predicted and found that identity leadership was positively related with intentions for collective action when called upon by the leader, both via ingroup identification and belief in group efficacy. As predicted, the social identity process for the effectiveness of identity leadership was more important in partisan groups than in workgroups. The efficacy related process was group context invariant. These results have implications for our understanding of group processes involved in the leadership in collective action.     

Precision of Information,Sensational Information,and Self‐Efficacy Information as Message‐Level Variables Affecting Risk Perceptions

Studies that investigate how the mass media cover risk issues often assume that certain characteristics of content are related to specific risk perceptions and behavioral intentions. However, these relationships have seldom been empirically assessed. This study tests the influence of three message‐level media variables—risk precision information, sensational information, and self‐efficacy information—on perceptions of risk, individual worry, and behavioral intentions toward a pervasive health risk. Results suggest that more precise risk information leads to increased risk perceptions and that the effect of sensational information is moderated by risk precision information. Greater self‐efficacy information is associated with greater intention to change behavior, but none of the variables influence individual worry. The results provide a quantitative understanding of how specific characteristics of informational media content can influence individuals’ responses to health threats of a global and uncertain nature.