中西方同一历史时期的版画作品研究——中国明朝与西方文艺复兴时期的版画比较

版画是造型艺术中一个重要的门类。在国外,版画还包括水彩、水粉、素描、速写、手抄本插图、宣传画等。许多人认为版画和油画一样,是＂西洋＂艺术。其实版画的发祥地是中国,版画的独特制作工艺与印刷技术密不可分。将以时间为线索,对中西方同一历史时期的版画艺术做一个比较和研究。     

工业设计可塑空间原理解析

工业设计是由技术、艺术与市场三门主体学科构成的融合体 ,可用“可塑空间”表述。其原理可解析为融合的中介、沟通的保证和支持点、艺术形式美原则和造型与传媒广告的设计。由此构成充满创新、宜人的可塑空间原理 ,可以满足需求方在物质和精神上的新需要。     

面内受扭固支环板的塑性屈曲

用平衡路径分叉分析的方法分析了固支环板在面内扭矩作用下的塑性屈曲问题．在分析中考虑了由夹紧环板边缘所引起的径向压应力和环向压应力对屈曲临界扭矩的影响．结果表明，这种径向应力和环向应力的存在会使临界扭矩大幅度下降，用Ｊ２流动理论可以求得和实验值一致的临界扭矩     

素描教学中培养学生的创新意识

素描是一切造型艺术的基础,是学生形成正确的观察方法.思维方法和表现方法的途径,也是开启学生想象力和创造力的钥匙。     

基于特征结构理论的彝语主谓谓语句结构标注与实践研究

语义分析是当前计算语言学研究的一个重要任务，也是促进自然语言处理迈向新的阶段的主要挑战。 在彝语言文字 信息处理中，对彝语语句的语义标注是亟须解决的问题之一。 研究选用特征结构理论框架，以彝语主谓谓语句的语义标注为 切入点进行初步探索，用形式化手段表示彝语主谓谓语句的十一种语义关系类型，并归纳整理出彝语主谓谓语句的特征结构 模型。 研究表明，特征结构理论标注效率和标注精度较高，可以比较全面的描述彝语的复杂语义信息，为探索适合彝语语言 事实的语义标注策略提供了一个可参考的解决方案。     

A complex and demanding situation – Midwifery preceptors and midwifery students’ experiences of teaching and learning prevention of severe perineal trauma

BackgroundMany high-income countries have seen an increase in severe perineal trauma. Teaching strategies and conditions for learning during the active second stage of labour are scarcely described.AimTo describe midwifery preceptors and midwifery students’ experiences’ of teaching and learning how to manage the second stage of labour, with the specific aim of preventing severe perineal trauma.MethodsA qualitative study with focus group discussions and individual in depth-interviews with preceptor midwives (n = 23) and student midwives (n = 10). Data were analysed by qualitative content analysis.Results“A complex and demanding situation with mutual need for feedback, reflection and safety” was the overall theme describing the conditions. Three sub-themes were identified. “Adapting to a unique situation” refers to the difficulty of teaching and learning the aspects needed to prevent severe perineal trauma, and to provide care during this stage. “Hindering and limiting circumstances” describes teaching strategies that were perceived negatively, and how midwifery students tried to adapt to the preceptors rather than the birthing women. “A trustful and communicative relationship” describes the importance of the relationship between the student and the preceptor, where communication was a central, but not obvious part.ConclusionAn increased awareness among preceptors is needed to optimize teaching strategies, enabling the students to focus on learning the art of the second stage of labour; supporting the woman, preventing severe perineal trauma and ensuring the safety of the unborn baby. Future research should address how existing prevention models can include training to increase preceptors’ confidence in teaching.