钻铤螺纹的有限元分析及应力分散槽优化设计

针对钻井技术进步带来的井下钻铤的服役条件更加苛刻、失效更加严重的问题，对钻铤螺纹失效问题进行了深入分析，找出引起钻铤螺纹失效的主要原因和失效的关键部位，利用大型三维实体建模软件Pro/E和有限元分析软件ANSYS分别对API标准钻铤螺纹进行实体建模和强度分析，得出了钻铤螺纹在不同工况、不同结构条件下的等效应力分布情况，并对ZTNC56-80型钻铤螺纹应力分散槽进行了最优化研究，找出了其最优值，并指出应力的变化与过渡圆角变化不是线性对应关系，在改进钻铤螺纹应力分散槽结构时，不能单纯以增大结构过渡圆角为手段，从而为改进钻铤螺纹应力分散槽结构提供了科学依据。     

Is Partner Violence Worse in the Context of Control?

M. P. Johnson’s (1995) proposal that there are two qualitatively distinct types of intimate partner violence—intimate terrorism and situational couple violence—has been an influential explanation for disparate findings on sex symmetry in domestic violence. This study examines whether this typology increases our ability to explain variations in the negative outcomes of partner violence as compared with the use of a continuous measure of violence. This study also considers whether the use of control to differentiate between types of violence helps to explain the negative consequences of partner violence. The results, based on analyses of data on 4,575 married women from National Violence Against Women survey, indicate mixed support for Johnson’s argument for a qualitative distinction between IT and SCV.     

L_(CR)波切向应力检测系统的声时测量研究

该文提出了一种基于声弹性理论,利用临界折射纵波(LCR)从表面测量零件内部切向应力的实验方案,并依据固体中超声波传播特性与零件内部应力状态的关系,搭建了基于传播声时的切向应力测量系统。系统中临界折射纵波在被测零件内传播声时的测量采用"过零检测"方式,以减小由不同电子器件间性能差异所造成的测量误差,并利用时间-数字转换芯片实现高精度的时间间隔测量,从而提高整个系统的测量准确性。     

An Elder Abuse Case Study

Abstract

This article explores elder abuse from the perspective of caregiver stress and domestic violence theories. The author proposes that the theory of caregiver stress has shaped the elder abuse laws and the practice field, raising some important questions for examination. The need for policymakers and practitioners to evaluate their applied theory(ies) so they may better advocate for needed changes in policies and laws is examined by using a case example. In conclusion, the author suggests that the elder abuse protection field must consider the underutilized concepts of domestic violence theory for policy development, case assessments, and intervention strategies.     

Women and technology: A review of training initiatives

Abstract

This paper considers the entry of women into technological areas of work, their subsequent career progression and return to work after a career break. It considers the development of those training programmes and related initiatives which have attempted to encourage girls and young women to enter non-traditional areas of work, and others which help women return to work after a career break. It emphasizes that such training needs to address the psychological and social issues which arise, as well as provide for new technical knowledge and skills. In doing so it reviews some of the courses which are currently available and comments on their apparent success. In its concluding problems it refers to the on-going problem of funding such training and of providing a supportive database.     

大跨径斜拉桥塔墩梁固结处空间受力分析

安徽五河淮河桥大桥为混合梁斜拉桥，跨径布置为(246+125)m，为独塔双索面塔墩梁固结体系。利用Midas/Civil建立空间杆系模型进行整体静力分析，确定塔墩梁部位四种最不利荷载工况，得到其活载影响线加载位置和荷载大小。再利用大型通用有限元软件ANSYS建立塔墩梁固结处三维实体模型进行受力分析，为设计与施工提供科学理论依据。     

Employee Crisis and Occupational Functioning

Abstract

This study focuses on how employees respond to acute life events and chronic stressors that threaten the maintenance of effectual occupational functioning and productive activity. A profile of employees that experienced the most distress and job disruption is offered. Additionally, this study examines the type of event and how certain employee characteristics relate to post-crisis functioning. Implications of these findings for supervisory and/or managerial personnel fall into three categories: training, intervention and policy development.     

气体钻井中钻柱力学性能及冲蚀实验研究

由于在破岩过程中受到冲击，气体钻井中的钻柱产生了交变应力，而钻柱旋转加剧了交变应力的变化，同时气体携带岩屑对钻柱产生冲蚀，加速了钻柱的失效。钻柱主要失效形式为疲劳断裂，这跟钻柱所受应力大小及变化密不可分，因此，开展气体钻井过程中钻柱力学性能和冲蚀研究，掌握钻柱应力变化规律及岩屑对钻柱的冲蚀规律，是减小和防止钻柱失效的基础工作，对增加气体钻井过程中的安全性和降低钻井成本有十分重要的意义。通过使用一种已开发出的可同时模拟气体钻井钻具振动和冲蚀的装置，进行了不同钻具组合情况下，气体钻井钻柱同时受振动和冲蚀实验。实验结果表明，气体钻井过程中，配置扶正器将使钻柱所受交变应力值变化范围降低40% 以上，扶正器和减振器的配合使用将使交变应力值变化范围下降50%，因此，扶正器和减振器的配合使用，将大幅降低钻柱所受交变应力，并延长交变应力作用周期，从而降低钻柱失效的概率。     

The Role of Maintaining Telephone Contact with Parents During the Teaching of a Personal Safety Program

Although recent evidence suggests that parents can be effective instructors of a personal safety program, the extent to which these results depend on maintaining contact with parents during program implementation has yet to be determined. This study examined the effectiveness of a program when taught by parents who either were or were not contacted during the teaching of the program. Preschool-aged children in both groups demonstrated enhanced knowledge and skill gains relative to children assigend to a delayed treatment control group. Low-income preschoolers learned prevention concepts and skills without being upset by the program, and their parents also appeared to benefit from teaching the program. However, the probability of completing the program was higher for parents who were contacted throughout program implementation, suggesting that personal contact may enhance motivation for some parents. Implications of the study for the child sexual abuse prevention field are discussed.     

企业员工职业压力对育儿情绪的影响

职业压力引发家长育儿时的消极情绪，成为影响孩子良好成长的主要因素，结果导致员工的工作生活失衡。本文探讨了家长的情绪对儿童情绪培养的影响机制，并研究了职业压力与育儿情绪的关系。采用问卷调查的方法，调查了105名高新技术产业的员工，运用SPSS进行数据分析，结果发现职业压力与父母的消极育儿情绪正相关；关系压力是职业压力中导致家长育儿消极情绪的主要维度；父亲和母亲在受到工作压力下表现的消极育儿情绪存在显著性差异。由此提出了缓解职业压力和对育儿情绪进行管理的有效方法，从而帮助家长提高育儿质量，进而提高员工的工作生活质量。